synonyms: Karl Fischer titrant solution, Karl Fischer titration solution, Karl-Fischer titration solution
A Karl-Fischer titration solution is a titrant solution used in a Karl-Fischer titration. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: X-ray
A form of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength ranging from 0.01 to 10 nanometers. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: acetylene
Acetylene gas is a gas that is composed of acetylene molecules. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 89. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 89. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: API
An active pharmaceutical ingredient is any substance, compound or subset of substances or compounds in a pharmaceutical drug product which are biologically active when interacting with other components of the drug product, other potential drug products, or the chemistry of the body into which the drug will be applied. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: API
An active pharmaceutical ingredient is any substance, compound or subset of substances or compounds in a pharmaceutical drug product which are biologically active when interacting with other components of the drug product, other potential drug products, or the chemistry of the body into which the drug will be applied. [Allotrope]
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An additive is a material that is added to a mixture. [Allotrope]
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An additive is a material that is added to a mixture. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: adduct
Ion formed by the interaction of a precursor ion with one or more atoms or molecules to form an ion containing all the constituent atoms of the precursor ion as well as the additional atoms from the associated atoms or molecules. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: adduct
Ion formed by the interaction of a precursor ion with one or more atoms or molecules to form an ion containing all the constituent atoms of the precursor ion as well as the additional atoms from the associated atoms or molecules. [IUPAC]
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The common name air is given to the atmospheric gases used in breathing and photosynthesis. [Wikipedia]
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The chemical element with atomic number 13. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 13. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: ammonia
Ammonia gas is a gas that is composed of ammonia molecules. [Allotrope]
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A solid that lacks the long-range order that is characteristic of a crystal. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: zwitterionic compound, amphoteric compound
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: zwitterionic compound, amphoteric compound
An amphoteric compound is a molecule or ion that can react both as an acid and as a base. [Wikipedia]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: negative ion
An anion (-) is an ion with more electrons than protons, giving it a net negative charge (since electrons are negatively charged and protons are positively charged). [Wikipedia]
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An anion coating is a coating that contains anionic anchor groups. [Allotrope]
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An anion coating is a coating that contains anionic anchor groups. [OSTHUS]
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A buffer solution that is used for separation of anions. [Allotrope]
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A buffer solution that is used for separation of anions. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: negative ion
Ion formed by the association of an anion with a molecule, M. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: negative ion
Ion formed by the association of an anion with a molecule, M. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: IEF anode buffer, IEF anodic buffer, IEF cathode buffer, anodic buffer, isoelectric focusing anode buffer, isoelectric focusing anodic buffer
A buffer that serves as an anode in an electrochemical experiment. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Ab, Ig, immunoglobulin
An antibody is a large, Y-shape protein produced by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize pathogens such as bacteria and viruses. The antibody recognizes a unique molecule of the harmful agent, called an antigen, via the variable region. [Wikipedia]
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In immunology, an antigen (Ag) is any structural substance that serves as a target for the receptors of an adaptive immune response, TCR or BCR or its secreted form antibody. In simpler terms, an antigen is any substance that causes an immune system to produce antibodies against it. [Wikipedia]
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The chemical element with atomic number 51. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 51. [OSTHUS]
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The apoptotsis marker that is used for marking dead cells. [Allotrope]
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An aqueous electrolyte solution is one that contains some amount of water. [Allotrope]
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An aqueous film coating is a thin coating that contains water. This type of coating is used to colorize tablets or to put on clear finishes or overcoatings. [Allotrope]
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An aqueous film coating is a thin coating that contains water. This type of coating is used to colorize tablets or to put on clear finishes or overcoatings. [OSTHUS]
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A laboratory atmosphere consisting of argon. [CHMO]
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The chemical element with atomic number 18. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 18. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: argon
Argon gas is a gas that is composed of argon atoms. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 33. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 33. [OSTHUS]
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An association colloid is a homogeneous, non-structured substance composed of large molecules or ultramicroscopic suspended in a separate medium, which is largely comprised or reversible aggregations formed by the thermodynamics of molecular interactions. [Allotrope]
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An associational colloid is a homogenous, non-structured substance composed of large molecules or ultramicroscopic suspended in a separate medium, which is largely comprised or reversible aggregations formed by the thermodynamics of molecular interactions. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 85. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 85. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: element, chemical element
An atom is a smallest particle still characterizing a chemical element. It consists of a nucleus of a positive charge carrying almost all its mass (more than 99.9%) and Z electrons determining its size. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: BGE
The background electrolyte is the running material used in capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
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A background electrolyte buffer is a buffer solution that contains a background electrolyte. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 56. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 56. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: basal media
A basal medium is a culture medium that provides basic nutrients for the growth of cells. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: lot
Batch means a specific quantity of a drug or other material that is intended to have uniform character and quality, within specified limits, and is produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture. [CFR21]
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synonyms: lot
Batch means a specific quantity of a drug or other material that is intended to have uniform character and quality, within specified limits, and is produced according to a single manufacturing order during the same cycle of manufacture. [CFR21]
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The chemical element with atomic number 4. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 4. [OSTHUS]
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A bi-layer tablet consists of two layers of compressed powders. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 83. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 83. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: blank, blank sample
An blank sample is a sample that does not contain analyte. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: blank, blank sample
An blank sample is a sample that does not contain analyte. [Allotrope]
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A blend is a mixture of two or more different things or substances. [Wikipedia]
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A sample of blood. [Allotrope]
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A sample of blood. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 5. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 5. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: BSA
The globular protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), is a major component of fetal bovine serum. The rich variety of proteins in fetal bovine serum maintains cultured cells in a medium in which they can survive, grow, and divide. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: salt-bridge solution
Solution of high concentration of inert salt, preferably comprising cations and anions of equal mobility, optionally interposed between the reference electrode filling and both the unknown and standard solution, when the test solution and filling solution are chemically incompatible. This procedure introduces into the cell a second liquid junction formed, usually, in a similar way to the first. [IUPAC Recommendations 2002]
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synonyms: salt-bridge solution
Solution of high concentration of inert salt, preferably comprising cations and anions of equal mobility, optionally interposed between the reference electrode filling and both the unknown and standard solution, when the test solution and filling solution are chemically incompatible. This procedure introduces into the cell a second liquid junction formed, usually, in a similar way to the first. [IUPAC]
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The chemical element with atomic number 35. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 35. [OSTHUS]
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A bubble is a small round portion of one substance in another, usually gas in a liquid. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: bath gas
Inert gas used for collisional reduction of the internal or translational energy of ions, such as in ion traps. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: bath gas
Inert gas used for collisional reduction of the internal or translational energy of ions, such as in ion traps. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: buffer
A solution that contains a conjugate acid-base pair in equilibria and hence resists changes to its pH near the pK value of the acid. [CHMO]
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A buffer solution additive is the additive of a buffer solution. [Allotrope]
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A buffer solution group is a buffer solution that consists of multiple different buffer solutions. A buffer solution group participates in calibration of electrodes. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the DIN 19266 standard. [Allotrope]
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A buffer solution group that is following the DIN 19267 standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the JISZ8802 standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the METTLER Europe standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the METTLER US standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the Merck standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following the chinese standard. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A buffer solution group that is following a technical standard. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 48. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 48. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 20. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 20. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: bead solution, bead standard, calibration standard, standard bead
Calibration beads are used to calibrate the contrast, focal length and exposure time of the camera. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: cal gas, reference gas
Provides the calibration point for 1 and 2 point pCO2 and pO2 calibrations. [Allotrope]
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Calibration material is material that is participates in calibrations. [Allotrope]
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Calibration material is material that is participates in calibrations. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Calibration particles are particles used to calibrate particle measuring devices. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: calibration
A calibration sample is a sample that is used for calibration purposes. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: calibration
A calibration sample is a sample that is used for calibration purposes. [Allotrope]
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The capillary coating is the inner coating of a capillary. [Allotrope]
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The capillary coating is the inner coating of a capillary. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: conditioner solution
A capillary conditioner is a solution that is used for rinsing a capillary in order to generate a fresh state. [Allotrope]
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A capillary electrophoresis gel is a polymer network used in an electrophoresis process. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 12C
A carbon 12 nucleus is the nucleus of a carbon atom as its most abundant naturally occurring isotope. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 12C
A carbon 12 nucleus is the nucleus of a carbon atom as its most abundant naturally occurring isotope. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: 13C
A carbon 13 nucleus is a carbon nucleus that contains an additional neutron. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 13C
A carbon 13 nucleus is a carbon nucleus that contains an additional neutron. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: 14C
A carbon 14 nucleus is a nitcarbon nucleus with 2 additional neutrons. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 14C
A carbon 14 nucleus is a nitcarbon nucleus with 2 additional neutrons. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 6. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 6. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide gas is a gas that is composed of carbon dioxide molecules. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide gas is a gas that is composed of carbon monoxide molecules. [Allotrope]
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Carrier ampholytes are zwitterionic compounds that are used for the creation of pH gradients within the capillary of capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: IEF cathode buffer, IEF cathodic buffer, cathodic buffer, electrophoresis cathode buffer, isoelectric focusing cathode buffer, isoelectric focusing cathodic buffer
A buffer that serves as a cathode in an electrochemical experiment. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: positive ion
A cation (+) is an ion with fewer electrons than protons, giving it a positive charge. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: positive ion
A cation (+) is an ion with fewer electrons than protons, giving it a positive charge. [Wikipedia]
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A cation coating is a coating that contains cationic anchor groups. [Allotrope]
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A cation coating is a coating that contains cationic anchor groups. [OSTHUS]
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A buffer solution that is used for separation of cations. [Allotrope]
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A buffer solution that is used for separation of cations. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: positive ion
Ion formed by the association of a cation with a molecule M. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: positive ion
Ion formed by the association of a cation with a molecule M. [IUPAC]
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A material entity of anatomical origin (part of or deriving from an organism) that has as its parts a maximally connected cell compartment surrounded by a plasma membrane. [CL]
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A cell culture is a continuous culture of cells that can survive in a laboratory for an indefinite period of time. [Allotrope]
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A cell culture sample is a sample containing media, buffer and cells. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 58. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 58. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 55. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 55. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: element
A species of atoms; all atoms with the same number of protons in the atomic nucleus. [IUPAC Gold Book]
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synonyms: element
A chemical element is an atom with a fixed number of protons in the atomic nucleus. [Allotrope]
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Work resulting from the reactions by which substances are produced from or converted into other substances. [NIST]
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Chemical gel is a material which changes physical state by forming covalent attachments when mixed in an aqueous solution. [Allotrope]
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A reagent used for chemical labeling. [Allotrope]
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A reagent used for chemical labeling. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: mixed chemical substances, portion of mixed chemical substances
A portion of chemical mixture is a chemical substance that is composed of chemical substances. [Allotrope]
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A chemical substance is a portion of material that is matter of constant composition best characterized by the entities (molecules, formula units, atoms) it is composed of. [IUPAC]
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A chiral buffer solution additive is a chiral compound that is added to a buffer solution in order to change ist chiral selectivity. [Allotrope]
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A chiral separation buffer contains a chiral compound that was added to the buffer solution in order to improve the separation of chiral compounds. [Allotrope]
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A chiral separation buffer contains a chiral compound that was added to the buffer solution in order to improve the separation of chiral compounds. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 17. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 17. [OSTHUS]
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A chromatographic packing is a solid heterogeneous mixture consisting of a substrate and stationary phase used in a chromatographic separation. [Allotrope]
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One of the portions of material between which the components to be separated are distributed in chromatography. [CHMO]
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One of the portions of material between which the components to be separated are distributed in chromatography. [CHMO]
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The chemical element with atomic number 24. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 24. [OSTHUS]
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A cleaning agent is a detergent for cleaning purposes. [Allotrope]
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A cleaning agent is a detergent for cleaning purposes. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: molecular aggregate
A cluster is an aggregate of molecular entities formed by non-covalent forces. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: molecular aggregate
A cluster is an aggregate of molecular entities formed by non-covalent forces. [OSTHUS]
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Ion formed by the combination via noncovalent forces of two or more atoms or molecules of one or more chemical species with an ion. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Ion formed by the combination via noncovalent forces of two or more atoms or molecules of one or more chemical species with an ion. [IUPAC]
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A coating is a substance that covers a surface. It has the role of being the coating medium in a coating process. [Allotrope]
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A coating is a substance that covers the surface of another material in a coating role. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 27. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 27. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: collision energy
Collision energy is energy for an ion experiencing collision with a stationary gas particle resulting in dissociation of the ion. [MS]
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synonyms: collision energy
Collision energy is energy for an ion experiencing collision with a stationary gas particle resulting in dissociation of the ion. [PSI/MS]
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synonyms: target gas
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: target gas
nert gas used for collisional excitation or a reactive gas used for ion/molecule reactions. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: colloidal system
A colloid is a homogeneous mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. A colloid has a dispersed phase (the suspended particles) and a continuous phase (the medium of suspension). The molecules or polymolecular particles dispersed in a medium have at least in one direction a dimension roughly between 1 nanometer and 1 micrometer, or in a system discontinuities are found at distances of that order. [Wikipedia, IUPAC Gold Book]
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synonyms: colloidal system
A colloid is a homogeneous mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. A colloid has a dispersed phase (the suspended particles) and a continuous phase (the medium of suspension). The molecules or polymolecular particles dispersed in a medium have at least in one direction a dimension roughly between 1 nanometer and 1 micrometer, or in a system discontinuities are found at distances of that order. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: colloidal system
A colloid is a homogeneous mixture in which one substance of microscopically dispersed insoluble particles is suspended throughout another substance. A colloid has a dispersed phase (the suspended particles) and a continuous phase (the medium of suspension). The molecules or polymolecular particles dispersed in a medium have at least in one direction a dimension roughly between 1 Nanometer and 1 Micrometer, or in a system discontinuities are found at distances of that order. [Wikipedia, IUPAC Gold Book]
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synonyms: control
A control sample is a sample that is used for control purposes. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: control
A control sample is a sample that is used for control purposes. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 29. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 29. [OSTHUS]
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A cosolvent is an additional solvent that enhances the power of the main solvent. [Allotrope]
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A cosolvent is an additional solvent that enhances the power of the main solvent. [Allotrope]
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Stream of inert gas, often heated, that is used in an electrospray or other spray ionization source to aid in the evaporation of solvent from the sprayed particles. The flow of the gas is in the direction opposite to that of the spray. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Stream of inert gas, often heated, that is used in an electrospray or other spray ionization source to aid in the evaporation of solvent from the sprayed particles. The flow of the gas is in the direction opposite to that of the spray. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: counter ion, gegenion
A counterion is the ion that accompanies an ionic species in order to maintain electric neutrality. [Wikipedia]
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A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents, such as atoms, molecules or ions, are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: medium
A culture medium is a liquid or gel that is used for supporting the growth of cells. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: artifact, contaminant
Debris is an artifact or contaminant. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: artifact, contaminant
Debris is an artifact or contaminant. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: depro reagent pack
A deprotonation reagent pack is a reagent pack that contains the required reagents for deprotonating. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: surfactant
A detergent is a surfactant, an amphiphilic molecule with a long carbon chain. It has a hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail. Depending on the surrounding solution surfactants form micelles with tails pointing in- or outwards. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: surfactant
A detergent is a surfactant, an amphiphilic molecule with a long carbon chain. It has a hydrophilic head and a long hydrophobic tail. Depending on the surrounding solution surfactants form micelles with tails pointing in- or outwards. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 2H, D
A deuterium nucleus is a hydrogen atom that has part a neutron. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 2H, D
A deuterium nucleus is a hydrogen atom that has part a neutron. [OSTHUS]
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Product ion whose formation reveals structural or compositional information about its precursor ion. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Product ion whose formation reveals structural or compositional information about its precursor ion. [IUPAC]
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A diluent is a solution that is used for dilution. [Allotrope]
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A diluent is a solution that is used for dilution. [Allotrope]
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A dilution is a diluted solution that contains some concentration of solutes. [Allotrope]
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A dilution is a diluted solution that contains some concentration of solutes. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: dimer
Ion formed by ionization of a dimer or by the association of an ion such as [M]+•, [M + H]+, or [M – H]– with its neutral counterpart M. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: dimer
Ion formed by ionization of a dimer or by the association of an ion such as [M]+•, [M + H]+, or [M – H]– with its neutral counterpart M. [IUPAC]
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A direct compression blend is a type of blend that is directly put into the press after blending. [Allotrope]
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A dispersant is a material or medium that is used to disperse a sample of particles in a matrix. [Allotrope]
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A dispersant is a material or medium that is used to disperse a sample of particles in a matrix. [Allotrope]
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A dispersion is a system in which discrete particles of one material are dispersed in a continuous phase of another material. The two phases may be in the same or different states of matter. They are different than solutions, where dissolved molecules do not form a separate phase from the solute. [Wikipedia]
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A dispersions is a heterogeneous mixture that is comprising more than one phase where at least one of the phases consists of finely divided phase domains, often in the colloidal size range, dispersed throughout a continuous phase. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: colloidal dispersion, colloid dispersion
A dispersion colloid is a colloid in which particles of colloidal size of any nature (e.g. solid, liquid or gas) are dispersed in a continuous phase of a different composition (or state). [IUPAC]
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synonyms: colloidal dispersion, colloid dispersion
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: colloidal dispersion, colloid dispersion
A dispersion colloid is a colloid that is a system in which particles of colloidal size of any nature (e.g. solid, liquid or gas) are dispersed in a continuous phase of a different composition (or state). [IUPAC]
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synonyms: colloidal dispersion, colloid dispersion
A dispersion colloid is a colloid in which particles of colloidal size of any nature (e.g. solid, liquid or gas) are dispersed in a continuous phase of a different composition (or state). [IUPAC Gold Book]
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Radical ion whose charge and radical sites are neither at the same atom nor in conjugation with each other. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Radical ion whose charge and radical sites are neither at the same atom nor in conjugation with each other. [IUPAC]
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A droplet is a particle in an emulsion or aeosol. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: drug layer coating
A drug coating is a type of coating mixture that contains an active pharmaceutical ingredient. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: drug layer coating
A drug coating is a type of coating mixture that contains an active pharmaceutical ingredient. [OSTHUS]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Inert gas that is used to promote the removal of solvent from aerosol particles in spray ionization. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: stain
A dye is a material that has the function to change the color of material. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: stain
A dye is a substance that changes the color of material. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 66. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 66. [OSTHUS]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Definition pending. [0]
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Work resulting from the flow of electrons from a negative to a positive source. [NIST]
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An electrolyte is a substance that ionizes when dissolved in suitable ionizing solvents such as water. [Wikipedia]
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An electrolyte that is used for gas sensing electrodes. [Allotrope]
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An electrolyte that is used for ion selective electrodes. [Allotrope]
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An electrolyte that has the form of a gel (solid, jelly-like material). [Allotrope]
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synonyms: proton exchange membrane
An electrolyte that consistes of a polymer that is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: electrolyte, ionic solution, salt solution
An electrolyte solution is the solution of a substance that ionizes when dissolved in suitable ionizing solvents such as water. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: EMR, electro-magnetic energy, electro-magnetic radiation, electromagnetic radiation, radiation energy
Energy that is propagated through free space or through a material medium in the form of electro-magnetic waves. [NIST]
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synonyms: e−, β−
The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol e− or β−, with a negative elementary electric charge. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: e−, β−
Elementary particle not affected by the strong force having a spin quantum number 1/2, a negative elementary charge and a rest mass of 0.000 548 579 903(13) u. [IUPAC]
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An electronic information bearer is a material information bearer where pattern of electric or magnetic qualities concretize the information. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 89. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 13. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 51. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 18. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 33. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 85. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 56. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 4. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 83. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 5. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 35. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 48. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 20. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 6. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 58. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 55. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 17. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 24. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 27. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 29. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 66. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 68. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 63. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 9. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 87. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 64. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 31. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 32. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 79. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 72. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 2. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 67. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 1. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 49. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 53. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 77. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 26. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 36. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 57. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 82. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 3. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 71. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 12. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 25. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 80. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 42. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 60. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 10. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 93. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 28. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 41. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 7. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 76. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 8. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 46. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 15. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 78. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 94. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 84. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 19. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 59. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 61. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 91. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 88. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 86. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 75. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 45. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 37. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 44. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 62. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 21. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 34. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 14. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 47. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 11. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 38. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 16. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 73. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 43. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 52. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 65. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 81. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 90. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 69. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 50. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 22. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 74. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 92. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 23. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 54. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 70. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 39. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 30. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 40. [Allotrope]
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The analyte material that emerges from the chromatograph. [Wikipedia, GENE]
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The analyte material that emerges from the chromatograph. [Wikipedia, GENE]
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synonyms: column eluent
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: column eluent
Definition pending. [0]
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An is a colloid where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
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An emulsion is a mixture of two or more liquids that are normally immiscible (unmixable or unblendable). [Wikipedia]
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Energy must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat the object. It can be converted in form, but not created or destroyed. [Wikipedia]
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The chemical element with atomic number 68. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 68. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: ethene
Ethene gas is a gas that is composed of ethene molecules. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 63. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 63. [OSTHUS]
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Ion containing no unpaired electrons in its ground electronic state. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Ion containing no unpaired electrons in its ground electronic state. [IUPAC]
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An excipient is a natural or synthetic substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication,:1 included for the purpose of long-term stabilization, bulking up solid formulations that contain potent active ingredients (thus often referred to as bulking agents, fillers, or diluents), or to confer a therapeutic enhancement on the active ingredient in the final dosage form, such as facilitating drug absorption, reducing viscosity, or enhancing solubility. Excipients can also be useful in the manufacturing process, to aid in the handling of the active substance concerned such as by facilitating powder flowability or non-stick properties, in addition to aiding in vitro stability such as prevention of denaturation or aggregation over the expected shelf life. The selection of appropriate excipients also depends upon the route of administration and the dosage form, as well as the active ingredient and other factors. [Wikipedia]
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An excipient is a natural or synthetic substance formulated alongside the active ingredient of a medication,:1 included for the purpose of long-term stabilization, bulking up solid formulations that contain potent active ingredients (thus often referred to as bulking agents, fillers, or diluents), or to confer a therapeutic enhancement on the active ingredient in the final dosage form, such as facilitating drug absorption, reducing viscosity, or enhancing solubility. Excipients can also be useful in the manufacturing process, to aid in the handling of the active substance concerned such as by facilitating powder flowability or non-stick properties, in addition to aiding in vitro stability such as prevention of denaturation or aggregation over the expected shelf life. The selection of appropriate excipients also depends upon the route of administration and the dosage form, as well as the active ingredient and other factors. [Wikipedia]
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A feed medium is a culture medium that supports the growth of cells with feed. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: FBS
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) or fetal calf serum is the blood fraction remaining after the natural coagulation of blood, followed by centrifugation to remove any remaining red blood cells.[1] Fetal bovine serum comes from the blood drawn from a bovine fetus via a closed system of collection at the slaughterhouse. Fetal bovine serum is the most widely used serum-supplement for the in vitro cell culture of eukaryotic cells. This is due to it having a very low level of antibodies and containing more growth factors, allowing for versatility in many different cell culture applications. [Wikipedia]
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Solution containing the anion to which the reference electrode of Cells IV and V is reversible, e.g., chloride for silver–silver chloride electrode. In the absence of a bridge solution (q.v.), a high concentration of filling solution comprising almost equitransferent cations and anions is employed as a means of maintaining the LJP small and approximately constant on substitution of unknown solution for standard solution(s). [IUPAC Recommendations 2002]
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Solution containing the anion to which the reference electrode of Cells IV and V is reversible, e.g., chloride for silver–silver chloride electrode. In the absence of a bridge solution (q.v.), a high concentration of filling solution comprising almost equitransferent cations and anions is employed as a means of maintaining the LJP small and approximately constant on substitution of unknown solution for standard solution(s). [IUPAC]
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The material left behind in the filter as a result of filtration. [CHMO]
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A filtrate is the liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. [Wikipedia]
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A filtrate is the liquid outcome of a filtration process that is commonly the mechanical or physical operation which is used for the separation of solids from fluids (liquids or gases) by interposing a medium through which only the fluid can pass. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: glidant
Flow enhancer is a material that improves powder flowability. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: glidant
Flow enhancer is a material that improves powder flowability. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: af-m:material and 'obo:has quality' some 'af-q:shear modulus' that
A fluid is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress. Fluids are a subset of the phases of matter and include liquids, gases, plasmas and, to some extent, plastic solids. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: 19F
A fluorine 19 nucleus is a fluorine nucleus with an additional neutron. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: 19F
A fluorine 19 nucleus is a fluorine nucleus with an additional neutron. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 9. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 9. [OSTHUS]
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A foam is a colloid where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
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A foam is a type of dispersion colloid in which a large proportion of gas by volume in the form of gas bubbles, is dispersed in a liquid, solid or gel. The diameter of the bubbles is usually larger than 1 µm, but the thickness of the lamellae between the bubbles is often in the usual colloidal size range. [IUPAC Gold Book]
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A formal organization is an organization which is recognized in the world at large, in particular in legal jurisdictions, with associated rights and responsibilities. [W3C ORG]
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synonyms: composition
The formulation of a material is a data object that describes its composition of ingredients. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: composition
The formulation of a material is a data object that describes its composition of ingredients. [Allotrope]
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Product ion that results from the dissociation of a precursor ion. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Product ion that results from the dissociation of a precursor ion. [IUPAC]
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The chemical element with atomic number 87. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 87. [OSTHUS]
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A functional release coating is a coating that adds new functionality to that of the coating substrate by inself in-vivo. [Allotrope]
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A functional release coating is a coating that adds new functionality to that of the coating substrate by inself in-vivo. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 64. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 64. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 31. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 31. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: gamma ray, γ-ray
Electromagnetic radiation of a kind arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei and having wavelengths less than 10 picometers. [Allotrope]
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A gas is an airlike material that expands freely to fill any space available. It can be transported in compressed gas cylinders and acts as a gas upon release at normal temperatures and pressure. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: solution
A gas in liquid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a liquid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
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A gas in solid solution is a solution where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
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A gas metabolite reagent pack is a reagent pack that contains the required reagents for the analysis of gas metabolites. [Allotrope]
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A gas mixture is a solution where the continuous phase is a gas and the dispersed phase is a gas. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: carrier gas
A gas that percolates through the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]
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synonyms: carrier gas
A gas that percolates through the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]
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A gel is a colloid where the continuous phase is a solid and the dispersed phase is a liquid. [Allotrope]
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A gel is a type of dispersion colloid that is a non-fluid colloidal network or polymer network that is expanded throughout its whole volume by a fluid. [IUPAC Gold Book]
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The chemical element with atomic number 32. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 32. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 79. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 79. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: granulate, granule
A granulation is a conglomeration of discrete solid, macroscopic particles characterized by a loss of energy whenever the particles interact (the most common example would be friction when grains collide). The constituents that compose granular material must be large enough such that they are not subject to thermal motion fluctuations. Thus, the lower size limit for grains in granular material is about 1 µm. [Wikipedia]
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A group is a an aggregate of people. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 72. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 72. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 2. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 2. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: helium
Helium gas is a gas that is composed of helium atoms. [Allotrope]
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A heterogeneous mixture is a portion of mixed material that is not uniform in composition, but proportions of its components vary throughout the sample. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: HSCD
A highly sulfated cyclodextrin additive is a type of chiral additive that is based on cyclodextrins. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 67. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 67. [OSTHUS]
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A homogeneous mixture is a portion of mixed material that has the same proportions of its components throughout a given sample. Homogeneous mixture can have a variable composition. [Wikipedia]
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Work that results from the movement or force of a liquid, including hydrostatic forces. [NIST]
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A hydrochloric acid titrant solution is a titrant solution containing hydrochloric acid as the reactant. [Allotrope]
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A laboratory atmosphere consisting of gaseous diatomic hydrogen. [CHMO]
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The chemical element with atomic number 1. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 1. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: hydrogen
Hydrogen gas is a gas that is composed of hydrogen molecules. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 49. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 49. [OSTHUS]
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An inert gas is a gas which does not undergo chemical reactions under a set of given conditions. The noble gases often do not react with many substances.[1] Inert gases are used generally to avoid unwanted chemical reactions degrading a sample. These undesirable chemical reactions are often oxidation and hydrolysis reactions with the oxygen and moisture in air. The term inert gas is context-dependent because several of the noble gases can be made to react under certain conditions. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: IR, infrared, infrared light
Electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light. It extends from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 700 nanometer, to 1 micrometers. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: inoculum source
The inoculum source, for cell culture, is the source in which a calculated volume of cells is taken from and transfered to a new location (whether it be a vial, flask, bioreactor, etc.). [Allotrope]
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synonyms: reaction intermediate
Any chemical substance produced during the conversion of a reactant to a product. [ChEBI]
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synonyms: reaction intermediate
Any chemical substance produced during the conversion of a reactant to a product. [ChEBI]
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The chemical element with atomic number 53. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 53. [OSTHUS]
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An ion is an atom or molecule in which the total number of electrons is not equal to the total number of protons, giving the atom or molecule a net positive or negative electrical charge. [Wikipedia]
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An ion is an atomic or molecular particle having a net electric charge. [IUPAC]
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A ion flow is a material flow where ions transport electric charges in an electromagnetic field. [Allotrope]
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Weakly bound species formed from an ion and neutral. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Weakly bound species formed from an ion and neutral. [IUPAC]
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The chemical element with atomic number 77. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 77. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 26. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 26. [OSTHUS]
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Atomic or molecular species with the same nominal mass but different exact masses. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Atomic or molecular species with the same nominal mass but different exact masses. [IUPAC]
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Isobaric ions are isobars that all carry an electric charge. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Isobaric ions are isobars that all carry an electric charge. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: iTRAQ
Chemical labeling reagents used for relative or absolute quantitation in proteomics, based on covalent labeling of the N-terminus and side-chain amines of peptides from protein digestions with tags of varying mass. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: iTRAQ
Chemical labeling reagents used for relative or absolute quantitation in proteomics, based on covalent labeling of the N-terminus and side-chain amines of peptides from protein digestions with tags of varying mass. [IUPAC]
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Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, although all isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons in each atom. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: ICAT
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: ICAT
Definition pending. [0]
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Any ion containing one or more of the less abundant naturally occurring isotopes of the elements that make up its structure. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Any ion containing one or more of the less abundant naturally occurring isotopes of the elements that make up its structure. [IUPAC]
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Ion enriched in an isotope in which the abundance of the particular nuclide is increased above the abundance at which it occurs in a reference, usually a naturally occurring sample. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Ion enriched in an isotope in which the abundance of the particular nuclide is increased above the abundance at which it occurs in a reference, usually a naturally occurring sample. [IUPAC]
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The chemical element with atomic number 36. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 36. [OSTHUS]
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A gaseous environment in which an experiment takes place. This may be unreactive in order to prevent unintended reactions or reactive (for example gaseous hydrogen) to promote reactions. [CHMO]
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The chemical element with atomic number 57. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 57. [OSTHUS]
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The chemical element with atomic number 82. [Allotrope]
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The chemical element with atomic number 82. [OSTHUS]
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