96 well microplate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001873)

A standard microplate that contains 96 wells, arranged in eight rows by twelve columns. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Allihn condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001420)

synonyms: bulb condenser, reflux condenser

The Allihn condenser consists of a long glass tube with a water jacket. A series of bulbs on the tube increases the surface area upon which the vapor constituents may condense. Ideally suited for laboratory-scale refluxing. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

BNC

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000006)

The BNC (Bayonet Neill–Concelman) connector is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable. It features two bayonet lugs on the female connector; mating is fully achieved with a quarter turn of the coupling nut. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

BS 5295 cleanroom standard code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001299)

Code from the BS 5295 cleanroom standard

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Boston round bottle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001481)

synonyms: Boston round, Winchester bottle, round bottle

A Boston round bottle, or Winchester bottle, is a strong and heavy bottle commonly used in the drug and chemical industries. It is often made of amber (brown) glass (to filter out UV light) but can also be made of plastics. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Brubaker lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000967)

synonyms: Brubaker pre-filter

Additional set of four short, cylindrical electrodes, mounted co-linearly with a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer that is excited with some fraction of the AC potential but not the DC potential applied to the main quadrupole. The Brubaker lens thus acts as a high-pass filter for ion m/z, but the resulting delay in application of the DC potential component also results in a reduction in defocusing by fringe fields and thus significantly improves overall ion transmission efficiency at a given mass resolution. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Brubaker lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000967)

synonyms: Brubaker pre-filter

Additional set of four short, cylindrical electrodes, mounted co-linearly with a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer that is excited with some fraction of the AC potential but not the DC potential applied to the main quadrupole. The Brubaker lens thus acts as a high-pass filter for ion m/z, but the resulting delay in application of the DC potential component also results in a reduction in defocusing by fringe fields and thus significantly improves overall ion transmission efficiency at a given mass resolution. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Bunsen burner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001138)

synonyms: bunsen burner

A Bunsen burner, named after Robert Bunsen, is a common piece of laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame, which is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Büchner flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001416)

synonyms: vacuum flask, Buchner flask, Kitaso flask, filter flask, sidearm flask, suction flask

A Büchner flask is a thick-walled Erlenmeyer flask with a short glass tube and hose barb protruding about an inch from its neck. The short tube and hose barb effectively acts as an adapter over which the end of a thick-walled flexible hose (tubing) can be fitted to form a connection to the flask. The other end of the hose can be connected to source of vacuum such as an aspirator, vacuum pump, or house vacuum. Preferably this is done through a trap (see below), which is designed to prevent the sucking back of water from the aspirator into the Büchner flask. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Büchner funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001414)

synonyms: Buchner funnel

A Büchner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment used in filtration. It is traditionally made of porcelain, but glass and plastic funnels are also available. On top of the funnel-shaped part there is a cylinder with a fritted glass disc/perforated plate separating it from the funnel. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Class 1

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/003#AFE_0001395)

BS 5295 Class 1

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 1

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001389)

US FED STD 209 Class 1

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 1,000

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001392)

US FED STD 209 Class 1,000

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 10

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001390)

US FED STD 209 Class 10

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 10,000

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001393)

US FED STD 209 Class 10,000

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 100

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001391)

US FED STD 209 Class 100

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 100,000

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/005#AFE_0001394)

US FED STD 209 Class 100,000

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 2

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/003#AFE_0001396)

BS 5295 Class 2

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 3

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/003#AFE_0001397)

BS 5295 Class 3

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Class 4

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/003#AFE_0001398)

BS 5295 Class 4

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

DIN 19262 connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000840)

The plug socket and plug shielded for pH electrodes as specified by DIN 19262. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

DNA sequencer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001505)

A machine used to automatically produce a sequence readout from a biological DNA sample. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Daly detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000829)

synonyms: Daly

Detector consisting of an off-axis conversion dynode, scintillator, and photomultiplier. The dynode at high potential emits secondary electrons when ions impinge on the surface. The secondary electrons are accelerated onto the scintillator that produces light that is then detected by the photomultiplier detector, which can be outside the vacuum system. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Daly detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000829)

synonyms: Daly

Detector consisting of an off-axis conversion dynode, scintillator, and photomultiplier. The dynode at high potential emits secondary electrons when ions impinge on the surface. The secondary electrons are accelerated onto the scintillator that produces light that is then detected by the photomultiplier detector, which can be outside the vacuum system. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Davies condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001423)

synonyms: double surface condenser

A Davies condenser is similar to the Liebig condenser, but with three concentric glass tubes instead of two. The coolant circulates in both the outer jacket and the central tube. This increases the cooling surface, so that the condenser can be shorter than an equivalent Liebig condenser. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Dimroth condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001425)

A Dimroth condenser is somewhat similar to the "coil condenser"; it has an internal double spiral through which coolant flows such that the coolant inlet and outlet are both at the top. The vapors travel through the jacket from bottom to top. Dimroth condensers are more effective than conventional coil condensers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

E10

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001376)

EN 1822 filter class E10

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

E11

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001378)

EN 1822 filter class E11

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

E12

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001379)

EN 1822 filter class E12

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

EN 1822 filtration code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001292)

Filtration code according to international standard EN 1822. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

EN 779 filtration code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001291)

Filtration code according to international standard EN 799. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Erlenmeyer flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001417)

synonyms: conical flask

An Erlenmeyer flask or conical flask is a type of laboratory flask which features a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Everhart-Thornley detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000547)

synonyms: ET detector

A detector used in scanning electron microscopy experiments to detect secondary electrons. The detector consists of a scintillator inside a Faraday cage inside the specimen chamber of the microscope. A low positive voltage is applied to the Faraday cage to attract the relatively low-energy (less than 50 eV) secondary electrons. [CHMO]

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defined in:

F plug

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000511)

The F connector is a coaxial RF connector commonly used for over the air terrestrial television, cable television and universally for satellite television and cable modems, usually with RG-6/U cable or, in older installations, with RG-59/U cable. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

F5

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001370)

previous DIN EN 799 filter class F5, equivalent to M5

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defined in:

F6

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001372)

previous DIN EN 799 filter class F6, equivalent to M6

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

F7

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001373)

EN 799 filter class F7

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

F8

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001374)

EN 799 filter class F8

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

F9

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001375)

EN 799 filter class F9

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Faraday cup

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000480)

synonyms: Faraday cup detector, Faraday cup ion detector

Conducting cup or chamber that intercepts a charged particle beam and is electrically connected to a current measuring device. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Faraday cup

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000480)

synonyms: Faraday cup detector, Faraday cup ion detector

Conducting cup or chamber that intercepts a charged particle beam and is electrically connected to a current measuring device. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

Fernbach flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001450)

A Fernbach flask is a type of flask suited for large volume cell culture where the culture requires a large surface area to volume ratio. Typically, they are baffled on the bottom in order to maximize oxygen transfer to the culture medium. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Florence flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001487)

A flask with a round body and one longer neck without a ground glass joint. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Fourier transform infrared spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000497)

synonyms: FT-IR spectrometer, FTIR spectrometer, FTIR spectrophotometer

A piece of apparatus consisting of an infrared laser, an interferometer and a detector, which is used to measure vibrational spectra in the infrared range. The spectrometer measures the amount of infrared radiation not absorbed by the sample, and the application of a Fourier transform converts the resulting time domain digital signal into a frequency domain digital signal. [CHMO]

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defined in:

Fourier transform raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001686)

synonyms: FT Raman, fourier transform raman, Fourier transform raman

A Fourier transform Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that applies Fourier transformation to the time domain signal in order to convert it to the frequency domain. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000980)

synonyms: FT-ICR-MS

Mass spectrometer based on the principle of ion cyclotron resonance in which an ion in a magnetic field moves in a circular orbit at the cyclotron frequency that is characteristic of its m/z value. Ions are coherently excited to a larger radius orbit using a pulse of radio frequency electric field, and their image charge is detected on receiver plates as a time domain signal. Fourier transformation of the time domain signal results in a frequency domain signal that is converted to a mass spectrum based on the inverse relationship between cyclotron frequency and m/z. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000980)

synonyms: FT-ICR-MS

Mass spectrometer based on the principle of ion cyclotron resonance in which an ion in a magnetic field moves in a circular orbit at the cyclotron frequency that is characteristic of its m/z value. Ions are coherently excited to a larger radius orbit using a pulse of radio frequency electric field, and their image charge is detected on receiver plates as a time domain signal. Fourier transformation of the time domain signal results in a frequency domain signal that is converted to a mass spectrum based on the inverse relationship between cyclotron frequency and m/z. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

Friedrichs condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001426)

A Friedrichs condenser, a spiraled finger condenser, consists of a large, spiraled internal cold finger-type capillary tube disposed within a wide cylindrical housing. Coolant flows through the internal cold finger; accordingly, vapors rising up through the housing must pass along the spiraled path. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

G1

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001364)

EN 799 filter class G1

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

G2

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001366)

EN 799 filter class G2

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

G3

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001367)

EN 799 filter class G3

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

G4

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001368)

EN 799 filter class G4

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

GC system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002195)

A GC system is a device system that has a gas chromatograph component. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

GMP EU cleanroom standard code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001300)

Code from the GMP EU cleanroom classification.

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defined in:

Grade A

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/006#AFE_0001399)

GMP EU Grade A

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Grade B

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/006#AFE_0001400)

GMP EU Grade B

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Grade C

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/006#AFE_0001401)

GMP EU Grade C

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Grade D

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/006#AFE_0001402)

GMP EU Grade D

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Graham condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001422)

synonyms: Grahams condenser, Inland Revenue condenser

A Graham condenser has a coolant-jacketed spiral coil running the length of the condenser serving as the vapor/condensate path. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

H13

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001380)

EN 1822 filter class H13

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

H14

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001381)

EN 1822 filter class H14

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

HVAC system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001338)

synonyms: HVAC, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system

A system to maintain a controlled and acceptable thermal comfort and air quality. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

HVAC system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001338)

synonyms: HVAC, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system

A system to maintain a controlled and acceptable thermal comfort and air quality. [OSTHUS]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Hirsch funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001415)

A Hirsch funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment used in filtration similar in design to a Büchner funnel. It is used similarly, but for smaller quantities of material. The main difference is that the plate of a Hirsch funnel is much smaller, and the walls of the funnel angle outward instead of being vertical. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 1

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001302)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 1

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 14644-1 cleanroom standard code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001298)

Code from the ISO 14644-1 cleanroom standard

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 2

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001304)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 2

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 3

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001306)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 3

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 4

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001308)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 4

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 5

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001310)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 5

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 6

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001312)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 6

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 7

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001314)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 7

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 8

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001316)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 8

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO 9

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/004#AFE_0001318)

ISO 14644 Class ISO 9

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 1 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001301)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 1 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 2 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001303)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 2 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 3 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001305)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 3 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 4 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001307)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 4 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 5 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001309)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 5 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 6 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001311)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 6 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 7 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001313)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 7 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 8 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001315)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 8 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

ISO class 9 room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001317)

Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 9 standard. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl Fischer coulometry cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000324)

synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometry cell

A titration cell used for Karl Fischer analysis. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl Fischer homogenizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000304)

synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer

A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

Karl-Fischer coulometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000107)

synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometer, Karl Fischer coulometric titrator

A Karl-Fischer coulometer is a piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell with an anodic compartment containing sulfur dioxide (SO2), iodide and a cathodic compartment containing the sample, which is used to determine trace amounts of water in a sample by measuring the time and current flow required to reach the titration end-point. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl-Fischer coulometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000107)

synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometer, Karl Fischer coulometric titrator

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell with an anodic compartment containing sulfur dioxide (SO2), iodide and a cathodic compartment containing the sample, which is used to determine trace amounts of water in a sample by measuring the time and current flow required to reach the titration end-point. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl-Fischer coulometry cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000324)

synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometry cell

A titration cell used for Karl Fischer analysis. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl-Fischer homogenizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000304)

synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer

A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Karl-Fischer titrator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002220)

synonyms: Karl Fischer titrator

A Karl-Fischer titrator is a titrator designed for Karl-Fischer titrations. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

Knudsen cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000305)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a crucible (made of pyrolytic boron nitride, quartz, tungsten or graphite), heating filaments, a water cooling system, which is used to measure very low vapor pressures by measuring the mass of vapor which escapes when the vessel contains a liquid in equilibrium with its vapor. It is also used as a source evaporator during crystal growth e.g. during molecular-beam epitaxy. [CHMO]

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defined in:

Kugelrohr

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000582)

A short-path vacuum distillation apparatus consisting of an electric heater and two or more glass bulbs. The compound to be distilled is placed in the last bulb. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

LAL plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001509)

synonyms: limulus amebocyte lysate plate reader

Plate reader using LAL tests. [Allotrope]

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LC system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002197)

synonyms: liquid chromatography system

A LC system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

LC-UV system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002144)

A system that has a liquid chromatograph and an ultra-violet detector component. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

LC-UV system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002144)

A LC-UV system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph and an ultra-violet detector component. [Allotrope]

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LEMO connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000553)

synonyms: Metrohm connector

LEMO is a push-pull connector made by the LEMO company. LEMO connectors are used in medical, industrial, audio/visual, telecommunications, military, scientific research and measurement applications. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Langmuir-Taylor detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000215)

synonyms: hot wire detector, surface ionisation detector, surface ionization detector

A Langmuir–Taylor detector, also called surface ionization detector or hot wire detector, is a kind of detector developed by Taylor based on the work of Langmuir and Kingdon. This detector usually consists of a heated thin filament or ribbon of a metal with a high work function (typically tungsten or rhenium). Neutral atoms or molecules that strike the filament can boil off as positive ions in a process known as surface ionization, and these may be either measured as a current or detected, individually, using an electron multiplier and particle counting electronics. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Liebig condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001418)

The condenser known as the Liebig type, a most basic circulating fluid-cooled design popularized by von Liebig consisted of an inner, straight tube surrounded by an outer straight tube, with the outer tube having ports for fluid inflow and outflow, and with the two tubes sealed in some fashion at the ends (eventually, by a blown glass ring seal). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

M5

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001369)

EN 799 filter class M5

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defined in:

M6

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/001#AFE_0001371)

EN 799 filter class M6

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defined in:

Mattauch–Herzog geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001009)

Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrograph in which a deflection of π/(4√2) rad in a radial electrostatic energy analyzer is followed by a magnetic deflection of π/2 rad. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

Mattauch–Herzog geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001009)

Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrograph in which a deflection of π/(4√2) rad in a radial electrostatic energy analyzer is followed by a magnetic deflection of π/2 rad. [IUPAC]

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Meker-Fisher burner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001140)

synonyms: Meker burner, meker burner, meker-fisher burner

A Meker-Fisher burner or Meker burner is a laboratory burner that produces multiple open gas flames, used for heating, sterilization, and combustion. It is used when laboratory work requires a hotter flame than attainable using a Bunsen burner, or used when a larger-diameter flame is desired, such as with an inoculation loop or in some glassblowing operations. [Wikipedia]

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Nier–Johnson geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001008)

Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrometer in which a deflection of π/2 rad in a radial electro static energy analyzer is combined with a magnetic deflection of π/3 rad, thus providing a single point of focus for ions of the same m/z but with spreads in both trajectory direction and translational energy. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

Nier–Johnson geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001008)

Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrometer in which a deflection of π/2 rad in a radial electro static energy analyzer is combined with a magnetic deflection of π/3 rad, thus providing a single point of focus for ions of the same m/z but with spreads in both trajectory direction and translational energy. [IUPAC]

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PCR instrument

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001221)

synonyms: DNA amplifier, polymerase chain reaction instrument

An instrument to perform the polymerase chain reaction. [Allotrope]

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PCR microplate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000191)

synonyms: PCR plate

A PCR microplate is a flat plate with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes for PCR processes. [Wikipedia]

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PCR reaction block

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002243)

synonyms: block, qPCR reaction block, qPCR block, reaction block, PCR block

A PCR reaction block is a container for samples used in PCR instruments. [Allotrope]

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PTV inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000671)

synonyms: PTV injector

Temperature controlled sample introduction inlet. [Allotrope]

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PTV inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000671)

synonyms: PTV injector

Temperature controlled sample introduction inlet. [OSTHUS]

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Paul ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000541)

synonyms: QIT, QUISTOR, quadrupole ion storage trap, quadrupole ion trap

Ion trapping device that depends on the application of radio frequency potentials between a ring electrode and two end-cap electrodes to confine the ion motion to a cyclic path described by an appropriate form of the Mathieu equation. The choice of these potentials determines the m/z value below which ions are not trapped. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

Paul ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000541)

synonyms: QIT, QUISTOR, quadrupole ion storage trap, quadrupole ion trap

Ion trapping device that depends on the application of radio frequency potentials between a ring electrode and two end-cap electrodes to confine the ion motion to a cyclic path described by an appropriate form of the Mathieu equation. The choice of these potentials determines the m/z value below which ions are not trapped. [IUPAC MS REC]

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Penning ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001011)

Ion trapping device using a static magnetic field and a static electric potential well. The magnetic field confines the ion motion to circular orbits around the magnetic force line direction, which aligns with the direction of the trap axis, whereas the electric potential well confines the ion motion axially. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

Penning ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001011)

Ion trapping device using a static magnetic field and a static electric potential well. The magnetic field confines the ion motion to circular orbits around the magnetic force line direction, which aligns with the direction of the trap axis, whereas the electric potential well confines the ion motion axially. [IUPAC]

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Perkin triangle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001434)

A Perkin triangle distillation apparatus uses a series of Teflon valves to allow the distilled fractions to be isolated from the distillation flask without the main body of the distillation set-up being removed from either the vacuum or the heat source, and thus can remain in a state of reflux. To do this, the distillate receiver vessel is first isolated from the vacuum by means of the Teflon valves. The vacuum over the sample is then replaced with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) and the distillate receiver can then be stoppered and removed from the system. [Wikipedia]

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Petri dish

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001491)

synonyms: Petri plate, cell-culture dish

A Petri dish is a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish that biologists use to culture cells or small mosses. [Wikipedia]

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RF-only quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001016)

Transmission quadrupole device in which a sinusoidal radio frequency (RF) potential is applied between the connected pairs of opposite rod electrodes in a linear quadrupole, providing a transmission device for all ions with m/z values above a cut-off value. [IUPAC MS REC]

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RF-only quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001016)

Transmission quadrupole device in which a sinusoidal radio frequency (RF) potential is applied between the connected pairs of opposite rod electrodes in a linear quadrupole, providing a transmission device for all ions with m/z values above a cut-off value. [IUPAC]

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RS232

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000227)

synonyms: serial plug

RS-232 is a standard for serial communication transmission of data. It formally defines the signals connecting between a computer terminal, and a data communication equipment, such as a modem. The RS-232 standard is commonly used in computer serial ports. [Wikipedia]

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Raman microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000404)

synonyms: Raman microspectrometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a Raman spectrometer coupled to an optical microscope, which is used to measure Raman spectra. [CHMO]

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defined in:

Raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000551)

A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]

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SFC system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002223)

synonyms: supercritical-fluid chromatography system

A SFC system is a device system that has a supercritical fluid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]

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Schlenk flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000089)

A flask used as a reaction vessel in air-sensitive chemistry. It is made of glass and has a side arm fitted with a PTFE or ground glass stopcock which allows the vessel to be evacuated or filled with gas (e.g. nitrogen or argon). [CHMO]

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Schlenk tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000586)

A tube used as a reaction vessel in air-sensitive chemistry. It is made of glass and has a side arm fitted with a PTFE or ground glass stopcock which allows the vessel to be evacuated or filled with gas (e.g. nitrogen or argon). [CHMO]

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Sievert's apparatus

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000651)

synonyms: Sieverts apparatus, volumetric hydrogen storage capacity apparatus

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas manifold with a series of tubes and valves connecting the sample chamber to one or more pressure reservoirs of known volume, used for measuring the thermodynamics of hydrogen sorption onto metal samples. [CHMO]

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Snyder column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001430)

A Snyder column is an extremely effective air-cooled column used in selected fractional distillations. It is a single glass tube with a series of circular indentations/restrictions in the walls of the cylinder (e.g., 3 or 6) in which rest, inverted, the same number of roughly tear-shaped, hollow, sealed glass stoppers; above each point where an inverted tear-shaped stopper rests, the cylinder has further Vigreux-type indentations, in this case serving to limit how high the glass stopper can be raised (by vapor flow) above its resting place, where, when not raised, it seals the circular opening created by the circular indentation. These floating glass stoppers act as check valves, closing and opening with vapor flow, and enhancing vapor-condensate mixing. [Wikipedia]

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Teclu burner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001141)

The Teclu burner is a laboratory gas burner, a variant of the Bunsen burner, named after the Romanian chemist Nicolae Teclu. It can produce a hotter flame than a Bunsen burner. [Wikipedia]

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Thiele tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001451)

The Thiele tube is a laboratory glassware designed to contain and heat an oil bath. Such a setup is commonly used in the determination of the melting point of a substance. The apparatus itself resembles a glass test tube with an attached handle. [Wikipedia]

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U15

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001382)

EN 1822 filter class U15

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defined in:

U16

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001383)

EN 1822 filter class U16

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defined in:

U17

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment/codelist/002#AFE_0001384)

EN 1822 filter class U17

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defined in:

UK 3-Pin connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000253)

The UK 3-pin connector follows the british standard of BS 1363 which specifies the common single-phase AC power plugs and sockets that are used in the United Kingdom. [Allotrope]

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US FED STD 209E cleanroom standard code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001297)

Code from the US FED STD 209E cleanroom standard.

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USB

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000390)

synonyms: universal serial bus, usb

Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and electronic devices. [Wikipedia]

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UV lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001755)

A UV lamp is a light source with an ultraviolet wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm. [Allotrope]

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Vigreux column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001429)

A Vigreux column is a type of air condenser where a glass blower has modified the simple tube to include an abundance of downward-pointing indentations, thus dramatically increasing the surface area per unit length of the condenser. [Wikipedia]

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West condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001419)

A variant of the Liebig condenser having a more slender design, with cone and socket. The fused-on narrower coolant jacket may render more efficient cooling with respect to coolant consumption. [Wikipedia]

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Widmer column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001431)

A Widmer column is a complex type of air condenser combining Golodetz-type concentric tubes and the Dufton-type glass rod-and-wound-spiral at its center. [Wikipedia]

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Wien filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001017)

Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC MS REC, Allotrope]

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defined in:

Wien filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001017)

Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC MS REC, OSTHUS]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2019/06/mass-spectrometry

Wien filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001017)

Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

X-ray device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001876)

An X-ray device is a device that creates, manipulates, or measures X-ray radiation. [Wikipedia]

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X-ray diffractometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000834)

A piece of apparatus which illuminates a sample with X-rays and measures the diffraction pattern produced. It typically will contain at least one monochromator to ensure the incident radiation is of a specific energy, a goniometer which allows the geometry of the sample and detector to be precisely specified, and a detector. [CHMO]

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X-ray mirror

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001741)

A device that produces specular reflection of X-rays. All known types work only at angles near grazing incidence, and only a small fraction of the rays are reflected. [Wikipedia]

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X-ray photoelectron spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000344)

synonyms: X-Ray photoelectron spectrometer, XPS spectrometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an X-ray source, an analyser and a detector, which is used to measure the photoelectron emission of samples bombarded with X-rays. [CHMO]

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X-ray powder diffractometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000220)

A piece of apparatus which illuminates a powder sample with X-rays, electrons or neutrons and measures the diffraction pattern produced. It typically will contain at least one monochromator to ensure the incident radiation is of a specific energy, a goniometer which allows the geometry of the sample and detector to be precisely specified, and a detector. [CHMO]

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X-ray source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000454)

synonyms: X-ray generator

A device that is used to generate X-rays. [CHMO]

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X-ray spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000824)

synonyms: X-Ray spectrometer

A piece of apparatus used to measure the absorption or emission of X-rays. [CHMO]

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defined in:

X-ray tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001664)

An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that contains the X-ray source. [Allotrope]

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absorbance plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001510)

Plate reader that uses absorbance detection. A light source illuminates the sample using a specific wavelength (selected by an optical filter, or a monochromator), and a light detector located on the other side of the well measures how much of the initial (100%) light is transmitted through the sample: the amount of transmitted light will typically be related to the concentration of the molecule of interest. [Wikipedia]

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absorber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001263)

Many chemicals can be removed from exhaust gas also by using absorber material. The flue gas is passed through a cartridge which is filled with one or several absorber materials and has been adapted to the chemical properties of the components to be removed. The absorber material has to be replaced after its surface is saturated. [Wikipedia]

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accelerator mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000632)

synonyms: AMS

A mass spectrometer that uses the acceleration mass spectrometry technique. [Allotrope]

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acid digestion hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001247)

Acid digestion hoods are typically constructed of polypropylene in order to resist the corrosive effects of acids at high concentrations. If hydrofluoric acid is being used in the hood, the hood's glass sash should be constructed of polycarbonate which resists etching. Hood ductwork should be lined with polypropylene or coated with PTFE (Teflon). [Wikipedia]

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agitator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001265)

An agitator is a device or mechanism to put something into motion. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

air filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001284)

A particulate air filter is a device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mould, and bacteria from the air. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

air lock

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001335)

A small room with interlocked doors, constructed to maintain air pressure control between adjoining rooms (generally with different air cleanliness standards). The intent of an aseptic processing airlock is to preclude ingress of particulate matter and microorganism contamination from a lesser controlled area. [FDA]

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air-cooled condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001428)

A condenser that is using air for cooling. [Allotrope]

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all-glass heated inlet system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000969)

synonyms: AGHIS

All-glass inlet system for ion sources operating under vacuum that can be heated to about 500 °C and allows low vapor pressure materials to be introduced into the mass spectrometer without breaking vacuum. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

all-glass heated inlet system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000969)

synonyms: AGHIS

All-glass inlet system for ion sources operating under vacuum that can be heated to about 500 °C and allows low vapor pressure materials to be introduced into the mass spectrometer without breaking vacuum. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

aluminium K-alpha source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000242)

An X-ray source where aluminium atoms emit X-rays through a 1s from 2p transition. [CHMO]

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aluminum lid

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001697)

An aluminum lid is a lid that is made of aluminum. [Allotrope]

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aluminum pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001624)

An aluminum pan is a pan made of aluminum. [Allotrope]

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ammonia electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000664)

synonyms: ammonium electrode

An ammonia electrode measures the NH4+ ion directly in solution. [Allotrope]

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ammonium sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000477)

synonyms: ammonia sensor

An ammonium sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a ammonium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]

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amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000056)

A piece of apparatus that can increase the power of a signal. [CHMO]

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ampoule

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001479)

synonyms: ampul, ampule, ampulla

An ampoule is a small sealed vial which is used to contain and preserve a sample, usually a solid or liquid. Ampoules are commonly made of glass, although plastic ampoules do exist. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

analog readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000353)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

analog readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000353)

An analog readout is a readout where values are indicated by a pointer against a scale or dial. [Allotrope]

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analog-digital converter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000872)

synonyms: A to D, A/D, A/D converter, ADC, analog to digital converter, analogue to digital converter

Analog-to-digital converter is an electronic integrated circuit that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analog-to-digital converter channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000432)

An analog-to-digital converter channel is a special type of channel that belongs to an analog-to-digital converter. Usually there are several channels for one converter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analytical balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000201)

An analytical balance has a capacity of 50 - 200 g with a precision of 0.01 - 0.05 mg. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

analytical balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000201)

An analytical balance has a capacity of 50 - 200 g with a precision of 0.01 - 0.05 mg. [IUPAC Orange Book]

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defined in:

analytical centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001158)

A centrifuge used for analytical centrifugation. During the centrifugation the sample can be monitored in real time through an optical detection system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analytical column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000135)

A chromatography column used for analysis. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analytical ultracentrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001157)

In an analytical ultracentrifuge, a sample being spun can be monitored in real time through an optical detection system, using ultraviolet light absorption and/or interference optical refractive index sensitive system. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

anion-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000550)

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is an anion exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

anode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000049)

The anode is the electrode that acts as positive pole if voltage is applied (place of oxidation). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

anti-scatter slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001674)

synonyms: scatter slit

An anti scatter slit is a slit that is used for controlling the width of incident X-rays. It determines the observed length on the sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

antistatic device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000062)

The antistatic device removes charge from the device it is attached to. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

aperture

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002252)

An aperture is an inhibition device that is a small opening with the function of limiting the passage of matter or energy. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

array card block

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002240)

A array card block is a container that uses microfluidic cards to load and accept well plates. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

array column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000742)

An array column is a column that contains multiple columns at the same time. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

array detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000475)

Detector comprising several elements, arranged in a line or grid where each element is an individual detector. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

array detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000475)

Detector comprising several elements, arranged in a line or grid where each element is an individual detector. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

artifact

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002099)

An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

artifact

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002099)

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defined in:

artificial system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002158)

synonyms: engineered system

A system that is created for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

aseptic manufacturing area

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001332)

The classified part of a facility that includes the aseptic processing room and ancillary cleanrooms. [FDA]

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defined in:

aseptic processing facility

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001334)

A building, or segregated segment of it, containing cleanrooms in which air supply, materials, and equipment are regulated to control microbial and particle contamination. [FDA]

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defined in:

aseptic processing room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001333)

A room in which one or more aseptic activities or processes is performed. [FDA]

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defined in:

associated packaging component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001469)

synonyms: associated component

Associated components are packaging components that are typically intended to deliver the dosage form to the patient but are not stored in contact with the dosage form for its entire shelf life. These components are packaged separately in the market package and are either attached to the container upon opening or used only when a dose is to be administered. [FDA]

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defined in:

atmospheric pressure deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001405)

synonyms: normal pressure

Atmospheric pressure is a pressure within a system that is equal to the environment that surrounds that system. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

atmospheric pressure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001405)

synonyms: normal pressure

Atmospheric pressure is a pressure within a system that is equal to the environment that surrounds that system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000573)

synonyms: APCI source

A ion source that implements tha atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

atmospheric vacuum breaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001356)

synonyms: AVB

An atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow of non-potable liquids into the drinking water system. It is usually constructed of brass and resembles a 90-degree elbow with a hood on its top to allow air to enter the water system if a siphon attempts to form. Inside this elbow is a poppet valve that is held "up" by the water pressure found in the system, closing the air entrance to the device. If the pressure in the "upstream side" is reduced to atmospheric pressure or below, the poppet valve drops and allows air to enter the system, breaking the siphon. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

atomic absorption spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000862)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source that emits light at element-specific wavelengths, a sample aspirator, a flame or furnace apparatus for volatilising the sample, and a photon detector, that is used to measure the atomic absorption spectrum of a sample. Atoms in the sample of a specific wavelength will absorb light produced by the lamp before it reaches the detector, and the amount of light absorbed depends on the quantity of the element present in the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

atomic force microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000595)

synonyms: AFM

A microscope which uses a sharp spike (known as a 'tip') mounted on the end of a cantilever to scan the surface of the specimen. An image of the surface is obtained by mechanically moving the probe in a raster scan of the specimen, line by line, and recording the force experienced by the tip as a function of position. A feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the tip and surface during scanning. [CHMO]

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defined in:

atomic force microscopy cantilever

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000505)

synonyms: AFM cantilever, AFM lever, atomic force microscope cantilever

A cantilever used in atomic force microscopy to transmit force from the tip to a recording device. [CHMO]

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defined in:

atomic force microscopy probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000030)

synonyms: AFM probe, atomic force microscope probe

A sharp spike mounted on the end of a cantilever which is used to scan the surface of a specimen in atomic force microscopy. [CHMO]

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defined in:

atomic force microscopy tip

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000337)

synonyms: AFM tip, atomic force microscope (AFM) tip, atomic force microscope tip

A sharp spike which is mounted on the end of a cantilever and used to scan the surface of a specimen in atomic force microscopy. [CHMO]

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defined in:

autoclave

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000013)

A thick-walled steel vessel used during synthesis methods that require both high pressures and high temperatures. [CHMO]

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defined in:

autogenous mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001439)

synonyms: autogenic mill

Autogenous or autogenic mills are so-called due to the self-grinding of the ore: a rotating drum throws larger rocks of ore in a cascading motion which causes impact breakage of larger rocks and compressive grinding of finer particles. It is similar in operation to a SAG mill as described below but does not use steel balls in the mill. Also known as ROM or "Run Of Mine" grinding. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

autosampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000073)

synonyms: AS, automated sampler, autosampler module

A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

autosampler position code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001629)

synonyms: position code

The position code gives the location on the autosampler. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

autosampler position code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001629)

synonyms: position code

The position code gives the location on the autosampler. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

auxiliary electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000035)

synonyms: counter electrode

An electrode that serves merely to carry the current flowing through an electrochemical cell. [CHMO]

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defined in:

axial ejection linear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000874)

A linear ion trap mass spectrometer where ions are ejected along the axis of the analyzer. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

axial-flow fan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001256)

Axial-flow fans have blades that force air to move parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

backflow preventing device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001180)

A backflow prevention device is used to protect potable water supplies from contamination or pollution due to backflow. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

backpressure regulator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002221)

A backpressure regulator is a pressure regulator that regulates a defined pressure upstream of itself (at its own inlet). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bag

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001149)

A flexible container with an opening at the top used for carrying things. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000693)

A balance is a weighing device, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000693)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000693)

A balance is a weighing instrument, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ball mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001436)

A typical type of fine grinder is the ball mill. A slightly inclined or horizontal rotating cylinder is partially filled with balls, usually stone or metal, which grinds material to the necessary fineness by friction and impact with the tumbling balls. Ball mills normally operate with an approximate ball charge of 30%. Ball mills are characterized by their smaller (comparatively) diameter and longer length, and often have a length 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

banana plug

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000379)

A banana connector (commonly banana plug for the male, banana socket or banana jack for the female) is a single-wire (one conductor) electrical connector used for joining wires to equipment. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

barcode reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000040)

synonyms: barcode scanner

A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bare fused silica capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000232)

synonyms: bare silica capillary, uncoated silica capillary

A bare fused silica capillary has no coatings on its inner or outer surface. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

barrier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001785)

A device that separates things. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

barrier isolator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001322)

Barrier isolator is a general term that includes two types of devices: Isolators and Restricted Access Barriers (RABS). Both are devices that provide a physical and aerodynamic (air overpressure) barrier between the external clean room environment and a work process. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

basket

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002259)

A basket is a container with a mesh structure used to hold solid objects. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001121)

A vessel used for regulating the temperature of something placed within it. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bath rack

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001189)

A rack for keeping samples in place in a bath. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bath with external circulator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001183)

A bath where the temperature is controlled by an external circulator. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

beaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001274)

A beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids commonly used in many laboratories. Beakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom. Most also have a small spout (or "beak") to aid pouring. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

beam balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000222)

A balance in which the load receptors are supported by bearings or joints at the ends of a balance beam, and where the balance beam is supported by a bearing or a joint between its ends. If the beam balance has only one lever, it is referred to as a single-beam balance; if it has several levers which are connected by links, it is called a combination beam balance. Single-beam balances are subdivided into two-knife balances and three-knife balances. Beam balances can be designed as equal-arm (ratio of mechanical advantage 1:1) or as unequal-arm balance (other ratios of mechanical advantage). [DOWT]

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defined in:

beam balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000222)

A beam balance is a balance consisting of a lever with two equal arms and a load receptor suspended from each arm. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

beam mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000160)

Mass spectrometer in which an ion beam accelerated from the ion source is transmitted through a m/z analyzer, or analyzers, to the detector. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

beam mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000160)

Mass spectrometer in which an ion beam accelerated from the ion source is transmitted through a m/z analyzer, or analyzers, to the detector. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

beamsplitter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002236)

A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light in two. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bell jar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001411)

A bell jar is a glass jar, similar in shape to a bell, and can be manufactured from a variety of materials (ranging from glass to different types of metals). Bell jars are often used in laboratories to form and contain a vacuum; they may also serve as display cases or transparent dust covers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bellows

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001257)

synonyms: pair of bellows

A bellows is a device constructed to furnish a strong blast of air. The simplest type consists of a flexible bag comprising a pair of rigid boards with handles joined by flexible leather sides enclosing an approximately airtight cavity which can be expanded and contracted by operating the handles, and fitted with a valve allowing air to fill the cavity when expanded, and with a tube through which the air is forced out in a stream when the cavity is compressed. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bellows pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001181)

A bellows pump forces fluid from an inlet to a discharge area by bellows. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bellows pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001181)

A bellows pump forces fluid from an inlet to a discharge area by bellows. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

bench

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002206)

synonyms: workbench

A bench is a large table in a workspace or laboratory. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

benchtop device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001342)

synonyms: benchtop equipment

A device that can be placed on a laboratory bench. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000011)

A low frequency nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that is significantly more compact and portable than the conventional free standing equivalents. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bidirectional channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001820)

A channel that transports signals both from and into the device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

binary pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000510)

A binary pump is a type of pump that combines two pumps connected to a mixing chamber to deliver the desired mobile phase. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bio-layer interferometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001637)

synonyms: fortebio

A bio-layer interferometer is a device that allows for measurements using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) which is a label-free technology for measuring biomolecular interactions within the interactome. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

biological

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002180)

synonyms: biological artifact

A biological artifact is an artifact of primary biological nature that is created by biological processes or involving organisms. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bioreactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000451)

A bioreactor is a vessel that is used for chemical processes involving biochemically active substances. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

biosafety cabinet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001190)

synonyms: BSC, biological safety cabinet, microbiological safety cabinet, ventilated storage cabinet

A biosafety cabinet is an enclosed, ventilated laboratory workspace for safely working with materials contaminated with (or potentially contaminated with) pathogens requiring a defined biosafety level. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

biosensor tip

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001638)

synonyms: BLI biosensor tip, biolayer interferometry biosensor tip

A biosensor tip is coated with a layer of immobilized protein. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

blade grinder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001446)

synonyms: blender, knife mill, propeller grinder

A blade grinder is a machine that chops material while mixing it, by means of a high-speed spinning blade. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

blood gas analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000574)

A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

blood gas analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000574)

A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas or cell culture gas and pH measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bob

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002283)

A bob is an agitator with either a flat or conical bottom surface. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

boiling tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001453)

A boiling tube is a small cylindrical vessel used to strongly heat substances in the flame of a Bunsen burner. A boiling tube is essentially a scaled-up test tube, being about 50% larger. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bottle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000851)

A bottle is a rigid container with a neck that is narrower than the body and a mouth. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bottle dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001216)

A bottle dispenser is a pumping device (manual or motorized) utilized to aliquot smaller quantities of a reagent or other solution of interest from a larger available stock. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bottle roller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001273)

synonyms: tube roller

A device that rolls tubes or bottles. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

bright-field microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000192)

synonyms: bright-field optical microscope, transmitted light microscope, transmitted-light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, a condenser lens, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. The specimen is illuminated with visible light transmitted from a source on the opposite side of the specimen from the objective. [CHMO]

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defined in:

broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000096)

synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe

Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

broadband nuclear magnetic resononance probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000096)

synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe

Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

broadband nuclear magnetic resononance probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000096)

synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe

Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Amgen]

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defined in:

buffer tray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001879)

A tray that is used to hold buffers. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

buhrstone mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001442)

synonyms: disk mill

A buhrstone mill is a mill for grinding or pulverizing grain. A flat buhrstone rotates on a stationary stone to generate pressure and shear forces. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

burette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000846)

synonyms: buret

A burette (also buret) is a device used in analytical chemistry for the dispensing of variable, measured amounts of a chemical solution. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

burner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001137)

A mechanical device that burns a gas or liquid fuel into a flame in a controlled manner. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bypass constant air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001234)

synonyms: bypass CAV ducted hood, conventional hood

Bypass CAV hoods were developed to overcome the high velocity issues that affect conventional fume hoods. These hood allows air to be pulled through a "bypass" opening from above as the sash closes. The bypass is located so that as the user closes the sash, the bypass opening gets larger. The air going through the hood maintains a constant volume no matter where the sash is positioned and without changing fan speeds. As a result, the energy consumed by CAV fume hoods (or rather, the energy consumed by the building HVAC system and the energy consumed by the hood's exhaust fan) remains constant, or near constant, regardless of sash position. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

bypass injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001797)

synonyms: sampling valve, valve injector

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

bypass injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001797)

synonyms: sampling valve, valve injector

A device in which the sample is first introduced into a chamber (loop), temporarily isolated from the mobile phase system by valves, which can be switched to make an instantaneous diversion of the mobile phase stream through the chamber to carry the sample to the column. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

cabinet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001191)

synonyms: closed bench, safety enclosure

A work space that is closed to protect from hazards like toxic fumes or explosions. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

calcium ion sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000244)

synonyms: calcium sensor

A calcium ion sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a calcium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

calomel cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000599)

The calomel cell is based on the reaction between elemental mercury and mercury(I) chloride. The aqueous phase in contact with the mercury(I) chloride (Hg2Cl2, "calomel") is a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

calorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000023)

A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes. [CHMO]

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defined in:

canopy fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001239)

synonyms: exhaust canopy

Canopy fume hoods are similar to the range hoods found over stoves in commercial and some residential kitchens. They have only a canopy (and no enclosure and no sash) and are designed for venting non-toxic materials such as non-toxic smoke, steam, heat, and odors. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001648)

synonyms: lid

A cap is a protective lid or cover. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000340)

A capillary is a tube with a small diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary array column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000245)

A capillary array column is an array column that contains multiple capillaries. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary cartridge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000042)

synonyms: capillary cassette, cartridge, cassette

The capillary cartridge contains the capilary. The cartridge can easily be plugged into the capillary electrophoresis instrument. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000078)

A piece of apparatus that has the form of a tube with a diameter of less than a millimeter and hosts the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]

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defined in:

capillary electrophoresis column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000579)

A capillary electrophoresis column is a type of column that is used in capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary electrophoresis instrument

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000091)

A capillary electrophoresis instrument is a device that allows measurements based on the experimental method of capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary ion optics

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000249)

synonyms: capillary

A resistive narrow cylindrical conduit used to conduct gases and ions and is capable of almost instantanious polarity switching. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

capillary ion optics

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000249)

synonyms: capillary

A resistive narrow cylindrical conduit used to conduct gases and ions and is capable of almost instantanious polarity switching. [Merck]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2019/06/mass-spectrometry

capillary sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001670)

A capillary stage is a type of sample stage that carries liquid or volatile samples in capillaries. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

carbon column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002171)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

carbon column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002171)

Definition pending. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

carbon dioxide incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001209)

synonyms: CO2 incubator, carbon dioxide (CO2) incubator

An incubator the controls the CO2 content for cell cultures. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

carbon electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000744)

An electrode that consists of a sample of granular carbon material that has been bound with pitch and has been fired at high temperature. [CHMO]

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defined in:

carboy

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001480)

synonyms: demijohn

A carboy is a rigid container with a typical capacity of 20 to 60 L. Carboys are primarily used for transporting liquids, often water or chemicals. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

carousel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000137)

synonyms: carrousel, sample carousel, sample carrousel

A carousel is an autosampler that uses a circular tray that turns the sample vials. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cathode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000532)

The cathode is the electrode that acts as negative pole if voltage is applied (place of reduction). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cation-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000523)

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a cation exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

cell counter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000524)

synonyms: cell counter, cell counter analyzer, cell counter device, cell counter instrument, cell density module, cell viability module, off-line analyzer

A device used to count the number of cells present in known volume of sample to determine the overall concentration cells per unit volume. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cell culture analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000151)

Apparatus used to specifically measure media concentrations of various analytes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cell heater

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001628)

A cell heater is a type of oven that is used for the heating of a measurement chamber. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cell holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001747)

A cell holder is a type of container for samples in spectrophotometers. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

centrifugal evaporator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001347)

A centrifugal evaporator is a device used in chemical and biochemical laboratories for the efficient and gentle evaporation of solvents from many samples at the same time, and samples contained in microtitre plates. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

centrifugal fan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001255)

The centrifugal fan has a moving component (called an impeller) that consists of a central shaft about which a set of blades, or ribs, are positioned. Centrifugal fans blow air at right angles to the intake of the fan, and spin the air outwards to the outlet (by deflection and centrifugal force). The impeller rotates, causing air to enter the fan near the shaft and move perpendicularly from the shaft to the opening in the scroll-shaped fan casing. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

centrifugal pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001167)

Centrifugal pumps are a sub-class of dynamic axisymmetric work-absorbing turbomachinery. Centrifugal pumps are used to transport fluids by the conversion of rotational kinetic energy to the hydrodynamic energy of the fluid flow. The rotational energy typically comes from an engine or electric motor. The fluid enters the pump impeller along or near to the rotating axis and is accelerated by the impeller, flowing radially outward into a diffuser or volute chamber (casing), from where it exits. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001151)

A centrifuge is a piece of equipment that puts an object in rotation around a fixed axis (spins it in a circle), applying a potentially strong force perpendicular to the axis of spin (outward). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

centrifuge bowl

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001165)

A bowl that is part of a centrifuge that contains the samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

centrifuge indicator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001166)

An safety indicator that indicates a running centrifuge. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

centrifuge rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001153)

The rotating part of a centrifuge that holds the samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

centrifuge tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001454)

Centrifuge tubes are precision-made, high-strength tubes of glass or plastic made to fit exactly in rotor cavities. They may vary in capacity from 50 mL down to much smaller capacities used in microcentrifuges used extensively in molecular biology laboratories. Microcentrifuges typically accommodate disposable plastic microcentrifuge tubes with capacities from 250 μL to 2.0 mL. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ceramic rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001654)

synonyms: rotor, MAS rotor

A ceramic rotor is a type of ssNMR tube that consists of ceramic material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ceramic type reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000770)

A ceramic type reference electrode has a ceramic junction as connection to the surrounding solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000145)

synonyms: channel, communication channel

A communication channel or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel. A channel is used to convey an information signal, for example a digital bit stream, from one or several senders (or transmitters) to one or several receivers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

channel (communication)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000145)

synonyms: channel, communication channel

A communication channel or channel, refers either to a physical transmission medium such as a wire, or to a logical connection over a multiplexed medium such as a radio channel. A channel is used to convey an information signal, for example a digital bit stream, from one or several senders (or transmitters) to one or several receivers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

channel direction code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001822)

Codes indicating the direction of communication on a channel. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

channel direction code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001822)

Codes indicating the direction of communication on a channel. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

charge-coupled device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000401)

synonyms: CCD, CCD array, charge coupled device

A piece of apparatus, based on a semiconductor chip, which converts the intensity of light falling onto its surface at different points into a charge. When a photon is absorbed by the chip, a single electron is released. Electrodes covering the chip surface hold these electrons in place in an array of wells, or pixels, so that during exposure of the chip to light, a pattern of charge builds up that corresponds to the pattern of light. [CHMO]

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defined in:

charge-coupled device diffractometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000203)

synonyms: CCD diffractometer

A diffractometer in which the detector is a charge-coupled device. [CHMO]

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defined in:

charge-coupled-device camera

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000719)

synonyms: CCD camera, camera, charge coupled device (CCD) camera, charge coupled device camera, charge-coupled device (CCD) digital camera

A piece of apparatus that converts optical brightness into an electrical signal using a CCD (a semiconductor chip, which converts the intensity of light falling onto its surface at different points into a charge) and then reproduces an image of the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

charge-coupled-device detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000155)

synonyms: CCD (charge coupled device) detector, CCD area detector, CCD array detector, CCD detector, charge coupled device array detector, charge coupled device detector

A detector that uses a silicon chip to convert light into electrical signal. When a photon is absorbed by the Si chip, a single electron is released. Electrodes covering the chip surface hold these electrons in place in an array of wells, or pixels, so that during exposure of the chip to light, a pattern of charge builds up that corresponds to the pattern of light. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2018/04/detection

check valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001179)

synonyms: clack valve, non-return valve, one-way valve

A check valve is a valve that normally allows fluid (liquid or gas) to flow through it in only one direction. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

chemical

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002181)

synonyms: chemical artifact

A chemical artifact is an artifact of primariy chemical nature that is a portion of material that it is created as product a chemical synthesis. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chemical fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001244)

A hood for protection from chemicals e.g. solvent fumes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chemical ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000658)

A mass spectrometer that uses the chemcial ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chemical ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000370)

synonyms: chemical ionisation source, CI source

A chemical ionization source is an ion source that consists of a high-pressure ionization chamber containing a reagent gas (for example N2, O2 or H2O) which is ionized by high-energy electrons from a heated strip of metal and goes on to react with the analyte to ionize it. [CHMO]

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defined in:

chemical ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000370)

synonyms: chemical ionisation source, CI source

An ion source that consists of a high-pressure ionization chamber containing a reagent gas (for example N2, O2 or H2O) which is ionized by high-energy electrons from a heated strip of metal and goes on to react with the analyte to ionize it. [CHMO]

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defined in:

chemical reactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001199)

A device for containing and controlling a chemical reaction. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

child-resistant cap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001478)

synonyms: C-R cap, safety cap

Child-resistant packaging has special closures designed to reduce the risk of children ingesting dangerous items. This is often accomplished by the use of a special safety cap. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

chiller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001144)

A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycle. This liquid can then be circulated through a heat exchanger to cool air or equipment as required. As a necessary byproduct, refrigeration creates waste heat that must be exhausted to ambient or, for greater efficiency, recovered for heating purposes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

chiral column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002170)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

chiral column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002170)

Definition pending. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000392)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/ processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000392)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

chromatographic detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000246)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

chromatographic detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000246)

A chromatography detector is a detector that is used in chromatography as component of a chromatography system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000217)

synonyms: column

A chromatography column is a type of column that contains a stationary phase for chromatographic separation of compounds. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chromatography data system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002233)

synonyms: CDS

A chromatography data system is a data system that controls a chromatography system and processes data participating in a chromatography run. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chromatography paper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000436)

An open chromatographic bed that consists of a sheet of paper, often filter paper. [CHMO]

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defined in:

circulating bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001126)

synonyms: circulated bath

A bath that continuously moves the fluid. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

circulating water bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001134)

A water bath that is circulated. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

circulator pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001131)

synonyms: circulating pump, circulator

A circulator pump is a specific type of pump used to circulate gases, liquids, or slurries in a closed circuit. They are commonly found circulating water in a hydronic heating or cooling system. Because they only circulate liquid within a closed circuit, they only need to overcome the friction of a piping system (as opposed to lifting a fluid from a point of lower potential energy to a point of higher potential energy). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

clean area

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001295)

synonyms: clean zone

An area with defined particle and microbiological cleanliness standards. [FDA]

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defined in:

cleaning device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001218)

synonyms: cleaning equipment

A device that cleans or washes something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cleanroom

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001293)

synonyms: clean room

A room designed, maintained, and controlled to prevent particle and microbiological contamination of drug products. Such a room is assigned and reproducibly meets an appropriate air cleanliness classification. [FDA]

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defined in:

cleanroom standard code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001296)

Code for a clean room standard. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cleanup column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000196)

synonyms: cleanup cartridge

A short protective - often disposable - chromatography column used to protect the main preparative column from damaging impurities that are injected into the instrument. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

clinical centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001155)

Moderate-speed centrifuges used for clinical applications like blood collection tubes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

clock

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002204)

synonyms: chronometer

A clock is a measurement device used to measure, keep, and indicate time. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

closed isolator system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001325)

synonyms: closed isolator

Closed isolator systems exclude external contamination from the isolator’s interior by accomplishing material transfer via aseptic connection to auxiliary equipment, rather than use of openings to the surrounding environment. Closed systems remain sealed throughout operations. [FDA]

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defined in:

closed restricted access barrier system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001328)

synonyms: closed RABS

A Restricted Access Barrier System (RABS) that is closed to the environment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

closure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001473)

Closures are devices and techniques used to close or seal a bottle, jug, jar, tube, can, etc. Closures can be a cap, cover, lid, plug, etc. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

coarse dust filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001287)

Air filter with the group designation G, containing EN 779 filter classes G1, G2, G3, G4. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coated capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000868)

synonyms: functionalized capillary

A functionalized capillary is a separation capillary that has a functionalized coating on its inner surface. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coated glass plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000070)

A sample plate made of coated glass for coupling thin layer chromatography with mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coating device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002154)

synonyms: coater

A device that has the function to coat, that is to cover some object with another material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001767)

A coating Pan is another name for the drum of the film coater. This can either be perforated or non-perforated depending on the operation required. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001767)

A coating Pan is another name for the drum of the film coater. This can either be perforated or non-perforated depending on the operation required. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

coaxial reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000979)

Reflectron that is arranged such that its main axis is coaxial with the ion source and first stage of the time-of-flight analyzer. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

coaxial reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000979)

Reflectron that is arranged such that its main axis is coaxial with the ion source and first stage of the time-of-flight analyzer. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

cobalt K-alpha source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000441)

An X-ray source where cobalt atoms emit X-rays through a 1s from 2p transition. [CHMO]

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defined in:

coil condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001424)

A coil condenser is essentially a "Graham condenser" with an inverted coolant/vapor configuration. It has a spiral coil running the length of the condenser through which coolant flows, and this coolant coil is jacketed by the vapor/condensate path. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cold finger

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001492)

A cold finger is a piece of laboratory equipment that is used to generate a localized cold surface. It is named for its resemblance to a finger and is a type of cold trap. The device usually consists of a chamber in which a coolant fluid (cold tap water, or perhaps something colder) can enter and leave. Another version involves filling the device with a cold material. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cold room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001321)

A room where a cold temperature (below ambient) is maintained. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cold storage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001147)

A device used for storage under cold temperatures (below ambient). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cold-field-emission scanning electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000660)

synonyms: CFE-SEM, cold field emission SEM, cold field emission scanning electron microscope

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen by scanning a finely focused (<10 nm diameter) electron beam produced by applying a high voltage to a tungsten crystal (cold-field emission) with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV across the specimen under vacuum and measuring interaction of the electrons with the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

collecting device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002172)

A collecting device is a device that has the function to collect things. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

collector slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000973)

Slit installed in a magnetic sector mass spectrometer to allow only those m/z separated ions with a specific m/z into the detector system. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

collector slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000973)

Slit installed in a magnetic sector mass spectrometer to allow only those m/z separated ions with a specific m/z into the detector system. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

collimator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001744)

The collimator is a device that straightens out the radiation that is not scattered in the same direction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

collision cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000048)

synonyms: collision chamber

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

collision cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000048)

synonyms: collision chamber

A collision cell is a chamber in the ion path between m/z separation elements, or between ion source acceleration region and the first analyzer, in tandem mass spectrometry in space configurations. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

collision quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000424)

Collision cell for removal of interfering ions by ion/neutral reactions in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

collision quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000424)

Collision cell for removal of interfering ions by ion/neutral reactions in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

collision reaction cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000117)

synonyms: CRC

Collision cell for removal of interfering ions by ion/neutral reactions in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

collision reaction cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000117)

synonyms: CRC

Collision cell for removal of interfering ions by ion/neutral reactions in inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

colorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001502)

A colorimeter is a device used in colorimetry. In scientific fields the word generally refers to the device that measures the absorbance of particular wavelengths of light by a specific solution. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

column compartment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002198)

A column compartment is a compartment in a chromatography system where the columns are held. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

column hardware

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002173)

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defined in:

column selection valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000270)

A valve used to select a column if multiple columns are part of the column compartment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

column still

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001360)

synonyms: Coffey still, continous still

A column still is a variety of still consisting of two columns. The first column (called The Analyzer) in a column still has steam rising and wash descending through several levels. The second column (called the rectifier) carries the alcohol from the wash, where it circulates until it can condense at the required strength. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

comminution device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001447)

synonyms: milling device, comminution machine, grinding device, size reduction device

A device used for comminution. Comminution is the reduction of solid materials from one average particle size to a smaller average particle size, by crushing, grinding, cutting, vibrating, or other processes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

communication device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002235)

A communication device is a device that has the function to communicate (transport information). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

communication mode code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001823)

Codes indicating the modes of communication. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

communication mode code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001823)

Codes indicating the modes of communication. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

comparator balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000174)

synonyms: mass comparator

Balance of particularly high accuracy that is designed for mass comparisons at a certain nominal load (from grams to metric tons, depending on the model) usually in a very small weighing range. Mass comparators generally have an electrical weighing range of up to 107 scale intervals and indicate up to 109 scale intervals relative to the nominal load. [DOWT]

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defined in:

comparator balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000174)

synonyms: mass comparator

A comparator balance is balance that works by comparing mass of the sample with a known mass. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

compartment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000322)

A separate enclosed physical section of a device that can contain other devices. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

compartment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000322)

A separate enclosed physical section of a device used to contain other devices. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/WD/2018/04/aft

compression device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002256)

A compression device is a device that is designed to compress to volume of material by applying force. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

computer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001695)

synonyms: desktop computer

A computer is a general-purpose device that can be programmed to carry out a set of arithmetic or logical operations automatically. Since a sequence of operations can be readily changed, the computer can solve more than one kind of problem. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

concentrator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001343)

A device used to increase the concentration of a constituent in a mixture. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

concentric nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000982)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

concentric nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000982)

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defined in:

condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001348)

synonyms: cold trap

A condenser is an apparatus or item of equipment used to condense (change the physical state of) a substance from its gaseous to its liquid state. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

condenser lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002262)

A condenser lens is a lens with the function to converge a radiation beam to a defined beam size. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cone calorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000833)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a cone-shaped heater, a hood to collect evolving gases and a laser beam, that is used to measure thermodynamic parameters such as heat release rate, heat of combustion, ignitability, and the evolution of toxic gases, smoke and soot, for flame retarding materials. [CHMO]

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defined in:

cone crusher

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001458)

A cone crusher is similar in operation to a gyratory crusher, with less steepness in the crushing chamber and more of a parallel zone between crushing zones. A cone crusher breaks rock by squeezing the rock between an eccentrically gyrating spindle, which is covered by a wear resistant mantle, and the enclosing concave hopper, covered by a manganese concave or a bowl liner. As rock enters the top of the cone crusher, it becomes wedged and squeezed between the mantle and the bowl liner or concave. Large pieces of ore are broken once, and then fall to a lower position (because they are now smaller) where they are broken again. This process continues until the pieces are small enough to fall through the narrow opening at the bottom of the crusher. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

confocal Raman microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000193)

synonyms: Raman confocal microscope, confocal Raman microspectrometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a laser beam (less than 10 \mum diameter), a monochromator and a detector coupled to an optical microscope, which is used to measure Raman spectra. An aperture is used to discriminate between Raman signal coming from the laser spot and that coming from the out-of-focus region of the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

confocal microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000001)

An optical microscope that works by scanning one or more focussed beams of light across the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

connecting device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002227)

A connecting device is a device that has the function to connect things. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000491)

A connector is an electro-mechanical device for joining electrical circuits as an interface using a mechanical assembly. Connectors consist of plugs (male-ended) and jacks (female-ended). The connection may be temporary, as for portable equipment, require a tool for assembly and removal, or serve as a permanent electrical joint between two wires or devices. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

connector S7

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000763)

synonyms: DIN-EL-0 S7

The DIN-EL-S7 is an industry standard for electrodes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

console

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001663)

A console is a functional compartment that contains controlling or input devices. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

constant air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001235)

synonyms: CAV ducted hood

A ducted fume hood that draws a constant air volume. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000407)

synonyms: vessel

A device that has the function to contain material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

container closure system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001462)

synonyms: packaging system

A container closure system refers to the sum of packaging components that together contain and protect the dosage form. This includes primary packaging components and secondary packaging components, if the latter are intended to provide additional protection to the drug product. [FDA]

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defined in:

continuous dynode particle multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000697)

synonyms: CEM, channel electron multiplier, channeltron, continuous dynode EM, continuous-dynode EM, continuous-dynode electron multiplier, continuous-dynode particle multiplier

Ion-to-electron detector in which the ion strikes the inner surface of a continuous tube device and induces the production of secondary electrons that, in turn, impinge on the inner surfaces of the device to produce more secondary electrons. This avalanche effect produces an increase in the final measured current pulse. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

continuous dynode particle multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000697)

synonyms: CEM, channel electron multiplier, channeltron, continuous dynode EM, continuous-dynode EM, continuous-dynode electron multiplier, continuous-dynode particle multiplier

Ion-to-electron detector in which the ion strikes the inner surface of a continuous tube device and induces the production of secondary electrons that, in turn, impinge on the inner surfaces of the device to produce more secondary electrons. This avalanche effect produces an increase in the final measured current pulse. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

controlled environment area

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001320)

An area were environmental conditions like temperature, humidity or level of contamination is controlled. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

controlled environment room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001294)

A room were environmental conditions like temperature, humidity or level of contamination is controlled. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

controlled lab reactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001519)

synonyms: CLR, controlled laboratory reactor

A controlled lab reactor is a reactor that maintains temperature and other reaction parameters and has measuring devices. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

controlled lab reactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001519)

synonyms: CLR, controlled laboratory reactor

In chemistry, a Controlled Lab Reactor or CLR is any reaction system where there is an element of automated control. Generally these devices refers to a jacketed glass vessel where a circulating chiller unit pumps a thermal control fluid through the jacket to accurately control the temperature of the vessel contents. Additional to this, it is common to have a series of sensors (temperature, pH, pressure) measuring and recording parameters about the reactor contents. It is additionally possible to control pumps to act on the reactor. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002148)

synonyms: regulator

A device that has the function to control some quality or process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

conversion device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002229)

synonyms: converting device

A conversion device is a device that has the function to convert something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

conversion dynode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000136)

Surface that is held at high potential so that ions striking the surface produce secondary charged particles that are subsequently detected. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

conversion dynode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000136)

Surface that is held at high potential so that ions striking the surface produce secondary charged particles that are subsequently detected. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

conversion dynode electron multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000157)

A surface that is held at high potential so that ions striking the surface produce electrons that are subsequently detected. The high potential is opposite of that of the ion hitting it and that secondary ions formed are opposite as well – hence conversion. [PSI-MS, Allotrope]

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defined in:

conversion dynode electron multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000157)

A surface that is held at high potential so that ions striking the surface produce electrons that are subsequently detected. The high potential is opposite of that of the ion hitting it and that secondary ions formed are opposite as well – hence conversion. [PSI-MS,BI]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2019/06/mass-spectrometry

conversion dynode electron multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000157)

A surface that is held at high potential so that ions striking the surface produce electrons that are subsequently detected. The high potential is opposite of that of the ion hitting it and that secondary ions formed are opposite as well – hence conversion. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

conversion dynode photomultiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000630)

A detector in which ions strike a conversion dynode to produce electrons that in turn generate photons through a phosphorescent screen that are detected by a photomultiplier. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

cooler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001146)

synonyms: cool box, ice box, ice chest

A cooler is an insulated box used to keep something cool. Ice cubes are most commonly placed in it to help the things inside stay cool. Ice packs are sometimes used, as they either contain the melting water inside, or have a gel sealed inside that stays cold longer than plain ice (absorbing heat as it changes phase). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cooling device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000785)

synonyms: chiller, cooler

A kind of heat exchanger or radiator designed to remove excess heat. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

copper K-alpha source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000210)

An X-ray source where copper atoms emit X-rays through a 1s from 2p transition. [CHMO]

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defined in:

cork stopper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001496)

synonyms: cork

A stopper made of cork. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

coulometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000855)

synonyms: voltameter

Any piece of apparatus used to measure electric charge. [CHMO]

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defined in:

coupling device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002151)

synonyms: coupler

A device that has the function to couple things. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

covering device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002225)

A covering device is a device that has the function to cover something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

critical area

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001336)

An area designed to maintain sterility of sterile materials. Sterilized product, containers, closures, and equipment may be exposed in critical areas. [FDA]

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defined in:

cross-flow fan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001254)

synonyms: tangential fan, tubular fan

The cross-flow fan is usually long in relation to the diameter, so the flow approximately remains two-dimensional away from the ends. The CFF uses an impeller with forward curved blades, placed in a housing consisting of a rear wall and vortex wall. Unlike radial machines, the main flow moves transversely across the impeller, passing the blading twice. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cross-flow nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000993)

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

cross-flow nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000993)

A cross-flow nebulizer is a pneumatic nebulizer in which the dispersion gas flows at an angle, usually 90°, with respect to the column of liquid emerging from a capillary. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

cross-flow nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000993)

A cross-flow nebulizer is a pneumatic nebulizer in which the dispersion gas flows at an angle, usually 90°, with respect to the column of liquid emerging from a capillary. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

crown cap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001475)

Crown caps are shallow metal caps that are crimped into locking position around the head of the bottle. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

crucible

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000536)

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

crucible

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000536)

A crucible is a ceramic or metal container in which metals or other substances may be melted or subjected to very high temperatures. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

crusher

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001456)

A crusher is a machine designed to reduce large solid chunks of raw material into smaller ones. Crushing is the process of transferring a force amplified by mechanical advantage through a material made of molecules that bond together more strongly, and resist deformation more, than those in the material being crushed do. Crushing devices hold material between two parallel or tangent solid surfaces, and apply sufficient force to bring the surfaces together to generate enough energy within the material being crushed so that its molecules separate from (fracturing), or change alignment in relation to (deformation), each other. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cryogenic storage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001187)

A storage for very low temperatures (< -150°C). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cup

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002284)

A cup is a container with a cylindrical shape and no top surface. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

curved field reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000981)

Reflectron designed to provide a decelerating field strength that varies with depth of ion penetration and thus with ion translational energy, permitting energy focusing of ions with a range of translational energies such as those formed as product ions from post-source decay of metastable ions. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

curved field reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000981)

Reflectron designed to provide a decelerating field strength that varies with depth of ion penetration and thus with ion translational energy, permitting energy focusing of ions with a range of translational energies such as those formed as product ions from post-source decay of metastable ions. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

cuvette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000052)

A cuvette is a small tube of circular or square cross section, sealed at least at one end, made of plastic, glass, or fused quartz (for UV light) and designed to hold liquid samples for spectroscopic experiments. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

cyclotron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000282)

A device that uses an oscillating electric field and magnetic field to accelerate charged particles. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

damper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000471)

A damper is an inhibition device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

damper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000471)

A damper is a device that deadens, restrains, or depresses. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dark-field microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000064)

synonyms: dark field microscope, dark field optical microscope, dark-field optical microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, a condenser lens, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. An opaque disc is placed underneath the condenser lens, so that only light that is scattered by objects on the slide can reach the eye. [CHMO]

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defined in:

data acquisition device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000555)

A device to acquire signals or data. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

data connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000172)

A connector that is used for the exchange of data. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

data system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002232)

synonyms: A data system is an artificial system of physical devices and software running on it designed to process information or control. [Allotrope], IT system, cyber-physical system, information technology system

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

data system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002232)

synonyms: A data system is an artificial system of physical devices and software running on it designed to process information or control. [Allotrope], IT system, cyber-physical system, information technology system

A data system is an artificial system of physical devices and software running on it designed to process information or control. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

deduster

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001723)

A deduster is a device that removes dust from the surface of objects. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

deflection balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000254)

A balance in which load compensation is effected by a deflection weighing device. [DOWT]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

degasser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000587)

A degasser is a device to remove gasses from a fluid which could otherwise form bubbles. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

deionizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001281)

A water purification unit that uses deionization as purification method. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

densitometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001499)

A densitometer is a device that measures the degree of darkness (the optical density) of a photographic or semitransparent material or of a reflecting surface. The densitometer is basically a light source aimed at a photoelectric cell. It determines the density of a sample placed between the light source and the photoelectric cell from differences in the readings. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

density balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000365)

synonyms: hydrostatic balance

Balance for determining the density of a liquid by measuring the buoyancy of a sinker in the liquid, or for determining the density of a solid body in a liquid of known density. [DOWT]

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defined in:

density balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000365)

synonyms: hydrostatic balance

A density balance is a balance that measure the weight of a submersed object for the purpose of measuring the density. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

density sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000805)

A sensor that measures the density of a substance. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

depth filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001706)

Depth filters are the variety of filters that use a porous filtration medium to retain particles throughout the medium, rather than just on the surface of the medium. These filters are commonly used when the fluid to be filtered contains a high load of particles because, relative to other types of filters, they can retain a large mass of particles before becoming clogged. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

desiccator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001353)

Desiccators are sealable enclosures containing desiccants used for preserving moisture-sensitive items such as cobalt chloride paper for another use. A common use for desiccators is to protect chemicals which are hygroscopic or which react with water from humidity. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000317)

Any piece of apparatus used to detect an analyte. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

deuterated lanthanum triglycine sulfate detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000046)

synonyms: DLATGS detector, DLaTGS detector, dLaTgS detector, deuterated L-alanine doped triglycine sulfate (DLaTGS) detector, deuterated lanthanum triglycine sulfate (DLATGS) detector , dlatgs detector

A very sensitive temperature-controlled detector for mid-infrared range measurement that employs temperature-sensitive ferroelectric crystals of either deuterated lanthanum triglycine sulfate or deuterated L-alanine doped triglycine sulfate. As the temperature and hence polarizability of the crystals changes (due to the absorption of infrared radiation) a charge is generated which is detected by two parallel electrodes. The deuterated forms of the crystals are used because they have a higher Curie point. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

deuterated triglycine sulfate detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000861)

synonyms: DGTS detector, DTGS detector, deuterated-triglycine sulfate (DTGS) detector

A very sensitive room-temperature detector for mid-infrared range measurements that employs temperature-sensitive ferroelectric crystals of deuterated triglycine sulfate. As the temperature and hence polarizability of the crystals changes (due to the absorption of infrared radiation) a charge is generated which is detected by two parallel electrodes. The deuterated form of the crystals are used because they have a higher Curie point. [CHMO]

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defined in:

deuterium lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001772)

A deuterium lamp is a low-pressure gas-discharge light source that emits light with a continuous spectrum mainly in the ultraviolet region. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000354)

synonyms: engineered artifact

A device is an artifact that is designed to perform a function primarily by means of its mechanical or electrical nature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000354)

synonyms: engineered artifact

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defined in:

device off deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000844)

synonyms: off

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

device off

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000844)

synonyms: off

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

device on deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000663)

synonyms: on

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

device on

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000663)

synonyms: on

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

device region

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001028)

A site that is related to a device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

device region

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001028)

A spacial region related to a device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/WD/2018/04/aft

device status code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000653)

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

device status code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000653)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

device system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000074)

synonyms: system

An artificial system that is mainly composed of devices. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dewar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000852)

synonyms: Dewar, vacuum flask

A double-walled flask of metal or silvered glass with a vacuum between the walls, used to hold liquids at well below ambient temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

diaphragm

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000260)

synonyms: separator

A diaphragm is a permeable membrane placed between anode and cathode. The main function of a separator is to keep the two electrodes apart to prevent electrical short circuits while also allowing the transport of ionic charge carriers that are needed to close the circuit during the passage of current in an electrochemical cell. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

diaphragm pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001171)

synonyms: membrane pump

A diaphragm pump is a positive displacement pump that uses a combination of the reciprocating action of a rubber, thermoplastic or teflon diaphragm and suitable valves on either side of the diaphragm (check valve, butterfly valves, flap valves, or any other form of shut-off valves) to pump a fluid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

differential scanning calorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000733)

A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes for both a sample and a reference. [CHMO]

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defined in:

differential scanning calorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000733)

A device that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes for both a sample and a reference. [CHMO]

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defined in:

differential scanning calorimetry pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001622)

A container for use in a differential scanning calorimeter that contains the sample under investigation.

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defined in:

differential scanning calorimetry pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001622)

A container for use in a differential scanning calorimeter that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

differential scanning calorimetry pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001622)

A differential scanning calorimetry pan is a pan for use in a differential scanning calorimeter that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

differential scanning calorimetry pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001622)

A differential scanning calorimetry pan is a container for use in a differential scanning calorimeter that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2018/04/differential-scanning-calorimetry

diffractometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000628)

A piece of apparatus which illuminates a sample with X-rays, electrons or neutrons and measures the diffraction pattern produced. It typically will contain at least one monochromator to ensure the incident radiation is of a specific energy, a goniometer which allows the geometry of the sample and detector to be precisely specified, and a detector. [CHMO]

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defined in:

digital display

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000152)

synonyms: digital display, DRO

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

digital readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000152)

synonyms: digital display, DRO

A digital readout is a numeric readout, usually with an integrated keyboard and some means of numeric representation. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

digital readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000152)

synonyms: digital display, DRO

A digital readout is a numeric readout, usually with an integrated keyboard and some means of numeric representation. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

diode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001860)

In electronics, a diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

diode array detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000090)

synonyms: DAD, PDA, PDAD, photodiode array detector

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a two-dimensional pattern of diodes and a prism, that is used to detect organic compounds. As the sample passes through a cell or cuvette it is illuminated with light in the region 190-1100 nm and any light transmitted through the sample is dispersed by the prism, so that light of different wavelengths falls on different diodes. The output from the array is used to construct an absorption spectrum that can be compared with standard spectra for identification purposes. Alternatively, a single diode can be used to monitor a specific wavelength at which there is maximum absorption. [CHMO]

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defined in:

direct exposure probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000991)

Device based on a modification of a direct insertion probe for exposing an involatile sample directly to the electron beam (in an electron ionization source) or to a chemical ionization plasma as in desorption chemical ionization. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

direct exposure probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000991)

Device based on a modification of a direct insertion probe for exposing an involatile sample directly to the electron beam (in an electron ionization source) or to a chemical ionization plasma as in desorption chemical ionization. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

direct injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001798)

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

direct injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001798)

A device which directly introduces the sample into the mobile-phase stream. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

direct inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000563)

synonyms: sample inlet

The sample is directly inserted into the ion source, usually on the end of a heatable probe. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

direct insertion probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000164)

synonyms: DIP

Device for introducing a single sample of a solid or liquid, usually contained in a quartz or other nonreactive sample holder, into a mass spectrometer ion source. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

direct insertion probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000164)

synonyms: DIP

Device for introducing a single sample of a solid or liquid, usually contained in a quartz or other nonreactive sample holder, into a mass spectrometer ion source. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

direct liquid introducer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000494)

synonyms: DLI

The delivery of a liquid sample into a mass spectrometer for spray or desorption ionization. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

direct steam humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001224)

A direct steam humidifier is a humidification device which feeds steam from a central boiler through a dispersion grid system and often makes use of a steam separator to filter the boiler steam. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

discharge side

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001174)

The outlet location is said to be at the discharge side of the pump. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

disconnecting device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002263)

A disconnecting device is a device that is designed to disconnect objects. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

discrete dynode particle multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000345)

synonyms: discrete dynode EM, discrete-dynode EM, discrete-dynode electron multiplier

Ion-to-electron detector in which the ion strikes the surface of an electrode and induces the production of secondary electrons. In turn, these impinge in sequence on dynodes at a more positive electric potential to produce more secondary electrons. This avalanche effect produces an amplification of several orders of magnitude in the final measured current pulse. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

discrete dynode particle multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000345)

synonyms: discrete dynode EM, discrete-dynode EM, discrete-dynode electron multiplier

Ion-to-electron detector in which the ion strikes the surface of an electrode and induces the production of secondary electrons. In turn, these impinge in sequence on dynodes at a more positive electric potential to produce more secondary electrons. This avalanche effect produces an amplification of several orders of magnitude in the final measured current pulse. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

disintegration apparatus

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002257)

synonyms: disintegration device

A disintegration apparatus is a measurement device that measures the time it takes for an object to become disintegrated. The apparatus has a disintegration device component to support the disintegration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

disintegration apparatus basket

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002260)

A disintegration apparatus basket is a basket used in a disintegration apparatus to contain objects for disintegration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

disintegration apparatus disc

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002258)

A disintegration apparatus disc is a placement device used in a disintegration apparatus to hold objects below the solution level. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

disintegration device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002264)

A disintegration device is a device that is designed to disintegrate objects. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001214)

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001214)

A device used to deliver a measured amount of material. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

dispensing closure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001476)

A closure with some dispensing feature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

disperser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001709)

synonyms: dispersion unit

A disperser is a device that allows for dispersing a sample for measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dispersive raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001685)

synonyms: dispersive raman

A dispersive Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that focuses the signal on a grating that separates the wavelengths and sends the spatially separated beams onto a detector. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

display

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000761)

synonyms: display device

A display is a device or element of an instrument serving to represent information. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dissolution vessel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002272)

A dissolution vessel is a container used in a dissolution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dissolved carbon dioxide sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000072)

synonyms: carbon dioxide analyzer, dCO2 probe, dCO2 sensor, dissolved CO2 probe, dissolved CO2 sensor

The carbon dioxide sensor is able to detect the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in a sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dissolved oxygen sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000762)

synonyms: dO2 probe, dO2 sensor, dissolved O2 probe, dissolved O2 sensor, oxygen analyzer

The oxygen sensor is able to detect the amount of dissolved oxygen in a sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

distillation apparatus

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001432)

synonyms: distillation device

A device used for distillation. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

distribution device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002193)

A distribution device is a device with the function to distribute a stream into multiple parts. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

divergence slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001738)

A divergence slit is a slit that is used to limit the divergence of the incident X-rays. The slit blocks X-rays that have to great a divergence. It determines the irradiated length of the sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

divert valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000104)

A valve that has one inlet and two outlets or vice versa. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

double channel probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001644)

synonyms: HX, HX probe, HY, HY probe

A double channel probe is a type of NMR tube that allows for measurements of two different nuclei at the same time. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

double check valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001358)

synonyms: DCA, double check assembly

A double check valve or double check assembly (DCA) is a backflow prevention device designed to protect water supplies from contamination. It consists of two check valves assembled in series. This employs two operating principles: firstly one check valve will still act, even if the other is jammed wide open. Secondly the closure of one valve reduces the pressure differential across the other, allowing a more reliable seal and avoiding even minor leakage. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

double junction reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000018)

A double junction reference electrode has two junctions to the surrounding solution. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

double-focusing mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000243)

synonyms: double-focusing magnetic sector mass spectrometer, double-focussing magnetic sector mass spectrometer, double-focussing mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer that incorporates a magnetic sector and an electric sector connected in series in such a way that ions with the same m/z but with distributions in both the direction and the translational energy of their motion are brought to a focus. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

double-focusing mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000243)

synonyms: double-focusing magnetic sector mass spectrometer, double-focussing magnetic sector mass spectrometer, double-focussing mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer that incorporates a magnetic sector and an electric sector connected in series in such a way that ions with the same m/z but with distributions in both the direction and the translational energy of their motion are brought to a focus. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

downflow fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001246)

synonyms: downflow work station

Downflow fume hoods are typically ductless fume hoods designed to protect the user and the environment from hazardous vapors generated on the work surface. A downward air flow is generated and hazardous vapors are collected through slits in the work surface. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

downstream deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001829)

Direction from the network to the device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

downstream

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001829)

Direction from the network to the device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

downstream channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001818)

A channel that transports signals to the device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

draft shield

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000647)

A draft shield protects weighing samples from surrounding influences resulting in optimized repeatability and fast stabilization times. [Mettler]

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defined in:

drawer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002174)

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

drift tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000989)

Cylindrical chamber containing a buffer gas. Ions introduced at one end are caused to move to the otherend by either a flow of the buffer gas or by a uniform longitudinal electric field. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

drift tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000989)

Cylindrical chamber containing a buffer gas. Ions introduced at one end are caused to move to the otherend by either a flow of the buffer gas or by a uniform longitudinal electric field. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

dropping funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001449)

A dropping funnel is a type of laboratory glassware used to transfer fluids. They are fitted with a stopcock which allows the flow to be controlled. Dropping funnels are useful for adding reagents slowly, i.e. drop-wise. This may be desirable when the quick addition of the reagent may result in side reactions, or if the reaction is too vigorous. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dropping mercury electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000335)

synonyms: DME

An electrode formed by a sequence of mercury drops falling from a small aperture. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

drum

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001725)

synonyms: coating pan

A drum is a cylindrical container that can be made of steel, dense paperboard, or plastics. It is generally used for the transportation and storage of liquids and powders. Drums are often certified for shipment of dangerous goods. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

drum blender

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001782)

synonyms: V blender

A drum blender is a container that is designed in a cylindrical or V-shape geometry where the raw material components are added and rotated to achieve uniform blend. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dry disperser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001715)

A dry disperser is a type of disperser that allows for dispersing a dry sample powder by a jet of air or aerosol. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dry scrubber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001260)

A dry or semi-dry scrubbing system does not saturate the flue gas stream that is being treated with moisture. In some cases no moisture is added, while in others only the amount of moisture that can be evaporated in the flue gas without condensing is added. Therefore, dry scrubbers generally do not have a stack steam plume or wastewater handling/disposal requirements. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dry sorbent injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001261)

synonyms: DSI

Dry sorbent injection involves the addition of an alkaline material (usually hydrated lime, soda ash, or sodium bicarbonate) into the gas stream to react with the acid gases. The sorbent can be injected directly into several different locations: the combustion process, the flue gas duct (ahead of the particulate control device), or an open reaction chamber (if one exists). The acid gases react with the alkaline sorbents to form solid salts which are removed in the particulate control device. These simple systems can achieve only limited acid gas (SO2 and HCl) removal efficiencies. Higher collection efficiencies can be achieved by increasing the flue gas humidity (i.e., cooling using water spray). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dryer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000384)

synonyms: drier

The dryer is a device that is used to remove moisture. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dryer of inline air conditioner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001765)

A dryer of inline air conditioner is a type of dryer that is used in tablet coaters for drying the air. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dryer of inline air conditioner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001765)

A dryer of inline air conditioner is a type of dryer that is used in tablet coaters for drying the air. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

dual reservoir vapor generator module

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001678)

synonyms: dual reservoir vapor generator

A dual reservoir vapor generator module is a device that allows for controlled transformation of a material from the liquid to the gaseous phase. There are two reservoirs for two different solutions in order to create well-defined mixtures of vapors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ducted fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001232)

Most fume hoods for industrial purposes are ducted. A large variety of ducted fume hoods exist. In most designs, conditioned (i.e. heated or cooled) air is drawn from the lab space into the fume hood and then dispersed via ducts into the atmosphere. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ductless fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001240)

synonyms: recirculating fume hood

Mainly for educational or testing use, these units generally have a fan mounted on the top (soffit) of the hood, or beneath the worktop. Air is sucked through the front opening of the hood and through a filter, before passing through the fan and being fed back into the workplace. With a ductless fume hood it is essential that the filter medium be able to remove the particular hazardous or noxious material being used. As different filters are required for different materials, recirculating fume hoods should only be used when the hazard is well known and does not change. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

duplex deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001825)

A duplex communication system is a point-to-point system composed of two connected parties or devices that can communicate with one another in both directions. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

duplex

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001825)

A duplex communication system is a point-to-point system composed of two connected parties or devices that can communicate with one another in both directions. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dust hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001363)

A hood for carrying out or protecting from dust. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dye-laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000864)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

dye-laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000864)

A dye laser is a laser which uses an organic dye as the lasing medium, usually as a liquid solution. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dye-laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000864)

A dye laser is a laser which uses an organic dye as the lasing medium, usually as a liquid solution. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

dynamic field mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000402)

synonyms: dynamic mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer in which m/z separation is achieved using one or more electric fields that vary with time. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

dynamic field mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000402)

synonyms: dynamic mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer in which m/z separation is achieved using one or more electric fields that vary with time. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

dynamic reaction cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000017)

synonyms: DRC

A piece of apparatus that contains a reagent gas that reacts preferentially with certain species in order to allow only the analyte ions into the mass-to-charge analyser and the detector. [CHMO]

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defined in:

dynamic vapor sorption instrument

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001641)

synonyms: DVS instrument

A dynamic vapor sorption instrument is a device that allows for measurements of dynamic vapor sorption. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

dynode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000453)

A dynode is an electrode that is part of an electron multiplier whose function is to provide secondary emission of electrons. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

efficient particulate air filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001289)

synonyms: EPA, EPA filter

Air filter with the group designation E, containing EN 1822 filter classes E10, E11, E12. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

eight channel arm

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001700)

The eight channel arm is positioned over the the sample plate and scans every column of the plate during a run. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

eight channel biosensor test plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001701)

An eight channel biosensor test plate is a test plate that has eight biosensors working in parallel. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

einzel lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000596)

synonyms: focussing lens

Three element charged particle lens in which the first and third elements are held at the same voltage. Such a lens produces focusing without changing the translational energy of the particle. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

electric sector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000380)

synonyms: ESA, electrostatic energy analyzer

Device consisting of pairs of parallel conducting plates, concentric cylinders, or concentric spheres that separate charged particles according to their ratio of translational energy to charge by means of a potential difference applied between the pair. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

electric sector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000380)

synonyms: ESA, electrostatic energy analyzer

Device consisting of pairs of parallel conducting plates, concentric cylinders, or concentric spheres that separate charged particles according to their ratio of translational energy to charge by means of a potential difference applied between the pair. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

electrochemical cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000115)

A piece of apparatus in which a current causes chemical reactions or chemical reactions cause a current to flow. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electrochemical coulometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000085)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell, that is used to determine electric charge by measuring the amount of an element deposited or released at the cathode during a specified time. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000450)

synonyms: EQCM

A piece of apparatus consisting of a quartz crystal resonator, which is used to measure the current efficiency (mass-to-charge ratio) during an electrochemical reaction, by measuring the change in resonance frequency of the crystal. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electrochemiluminescence plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001507)

synonyms: ECL plate reader

Plate reader for electrochemiluminescent labels. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000422)

An electrode is an electrically-conducting device that exchanges electrons with an electrolyte as part of an electrical circuit. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000422)

An electrically-conducting piece of apparatus that exchanges electrons with an electrolyte as part of an electrical circuit. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electrode junction

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000293)

synonyms: liquid junction

Any junction between two electrolyte solutions of different composition. Across such a junction there arises a potential difference, called the liquid junction potential. In Cells II, IV, and V, the junction is between the pH standard or unknown solution and the filling solution, or the bridge solution (q.v.), of the reference electrode. [IUPAC Recommendations 2002]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

electrode junction

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000293)

synonyms: liquid junction

Any junction between two electrolyte solutions of different composition. Across such a junction there arises a potential difference, called the liquid junction potential. In Cells II, IV, and V, the junction is between the pH standard or unknown solution and the filling solution, or the bridge solution (q.v.), of the reference electrode. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

electrodeionizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001282)

A water deionizer that uses electrodeionization as deionization method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrolytic conductivity detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000368)

synonyms: ECD, Hall electrolytic conductivity detector

A conductivity probe to calculate the conductance value of a material at the selected reference temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electromagnet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000884)

An electromagnet is a type of magnet in which the magnetic field is produced by an electric current. The magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

electromagnetic radiation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000097)

synonyms: EMR source, light source

A source of a range of electromagnetic waves. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electron capture detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000534)

synonyms: ECD

An electron capture detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electron capture detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000534)

synonyms: ECD

A detector for detecting atoms and molecules in a gas through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electron capture detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000534)

synonyms: ECD

A detector for detecting atoms and molecules in a gas through the attachment of electrons via electron capture ionization. [Amgen]

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defined in:

electron ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000016)

synonyms: electron ionisation mass spectrometer, EI MS

A mass spectrometer that uses an electron ionization source, which consists of a thin strip of metal that is heated electrically to incandescence or a temperature at which it emits free electrons that are accelerated through a potential to an energy where they ionize the sample.

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defined in:

electron ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000016)

synonyms: electron ionisation mass spectrometer, EI MS

A mass spectrometer that uses an electron ionization source, which consists of a thin strip of metal that is heated electrically to incandescence or a temperature at which it emits free electrons that are accelerated through a potential to an energy where they ionize the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000223)

synonyms: electron ionisation source, EI source, electron impact source

An electron ionization source is an ion source that consists of an ionization chamber and a thin strip of metal that is heated electrically to incandescence or a temperature at which it emits free electrons that are accelerated through a potential to an energy where they ionize the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000223)

synonyms: electron ionisation source, EI source, electron impact source

An ion source that consists of an ionization chamber and a thin strip of metal that is heated electrically to incandescence or a temperature at which it emits free electrons that are accelerated through a potential to an energy where they ionize the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000143)

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen using a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV under vacuum and measuring the interaction of the electrons with the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000670)

synonyms: EM

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

electron multiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000670)

synonyms: EM

A piece of apparatus that on contact with a charged particle of sufficient energy emits a greater number electrons. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron multiplier tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000341)

synonyms: EMT

An electron multiplier is a vacuum-tube structure that multiplies incident charges. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

electron spin resonance spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000677)

synonyms: EPR spectrometer, ESR spectrometer, electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a microwave radiation source, a resonator (a cavity), a magnet and a detector, that is used to measure electron spin resonance spectra. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron-multiplying charge-coupled device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000284)

synonyms: EMCCD, Impactron CCD, L3CCD, L3Vision CCD, electron multiplying CCD, electron multiplying charge coupled device, electron-multiplying CCD

A piece of apparatus, based on a semiconductor chip, which converts the intensity of light falling onto its surface at different points into a potential difference. The device contains a gain register that amplifies the electrical signal by impact ionization. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electron-multiplying charge-coupled-device camera

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000268)

synonyms: EMCCD camera, electron multiplying charge coupled device camera, electron-multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD) camera

A piece of apparatus that converts optical brightness into an electrical signal using a EMCCD and then reproduces an image of the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electronic absorbance detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000734)

A detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electronic absorbance detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000734)

An electronic absorbance detector is a detector that detects material by way of the electronic absorbance of a electromagnetic ray transmitted through the material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electronic humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001227)

An electric humidifier is a humidification device which uses electricity to generate steam then pump it through multiple dispersion tubes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electronic lab notebook system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002286)

synonyms: ELN, electronic lab notebook

An electronic lab notebook system is a data system used in laboratories to record the execution and results of experiments. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/REC/2024/12/eln

electronic tongue

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000389)

A piece of apparatus that measures and compares tastes using a number of discrete sensors; usually one for each of the five taste categories; sourness, saltiness, bitterness, sweetness, and umami. [CHMO]

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defined in:

electrospray 3d ion trap mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001046)

synonyms: LCQ

An electrospray 3d ion trap mass spectrometer separates the sample solution by liquid chromatography in combination with electrospray ionization quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrospray inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000669)

synonyms: electrospray emitter, electrospray needle

Inlet used for introducing the liquid sample into an electrospray ionization source. [PSI/MS]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

electrospray inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000669)

synonyms: electrospray emitter, electrospray needle

Inlet used for introducing the liquid sample into an electrospray ionization source. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

electrospray ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000106)

synonyms: ESI MS, ESI mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer using electrospray ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrospray ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000225)

synonyms: electrospray ionisation source, ESI source

An electrospray ionization source is a type of ion source that uses an electrospray, an aerosol created by high voltage applied to a liquid solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrospray supply type code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000594)

Code for electrospray supply type. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

electrostatic detection apparatus

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000321)

synonyms: ESDA

A piece of apparatus which is used to detect footwear marks and indented impressions of handwriting in paper. The sample sheet of paper is placed on a sintered copper plate, a vacuum is applied and a thin mylar plastic film is rolled over the sample. An electrostatic charge is then applied to the plastic by means of a corona discharge and the subsequent pattern of charging is then visualised using photocopier toner. The toner adheres to those areas corresponding to indentations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ellipsometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000841)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a laser, a polarizer, a compensator (which elliptically polarizes the light) and a detector, which is used to measure the intensity and change in polarization of light reflected by a sample. This information in turn can be used to determine refractive index and thin film thickness. [CHMO]

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defined in:

energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000470)

synonyms: EDS spectrometer, EDX spectrometer, EDXA spectrometer, X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer, X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electron source, a grating and a semiconductor detector, which is used to measure the X-ray emissions of a sample as a function of wavelength. The X-rays emerging from the sample pass through a slit then the grating disperses them by diffraction according to their wavelength. Finally, X-ray energy is converted to voltage pulses or 'counts' by the detector. [CHMO]

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defined in:

environmental chamber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001210)

synonyms: climate chamber, climatic chamber

An environmental chamber is an enclosure used to test the effects of specified environmental conditions on biological items, industrial products, materials, and electronic devices and components. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

environmental scanning electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000449)

synonyms: E-SEM, ESEM, environmental SEM

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen by scanning a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV across the specimen in a gaseous environment and measuring interaction of the electrons with the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

epifluorescence microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000002)

synonyms: epifluorescent microscope

A fluorescence microscope where the light source is mounted above (epi) the specimen and the excitation light passes through the microscope objective lens on its way toward the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

equal arm lever balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000094)

The equal arm lever balance is a comparator balance with two arms of equal fixed length. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

euro plug

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000714)

synonyms: euro 2-pin plug

The Europlug (CEE 7/16) is a non-rewirable flat, two-pole domestic AC power plug that must be supplied attached to a power cord. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

evaporative humidifiers

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001206)

The most common portable humidifier, an "evaporative", "cool moisture", or "wick humidifier", consists of just a few basic parts: a reservoir, wick and fan. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

evaporative light scattering detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002277)

synonyms: ELSD

An evaporative light scattering detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the scattering of light after nebulization with an inert carrier gas and evaporation of the solvent. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

evaporative light scattering detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000357)

synonyms: ELSD

A detector that uses the evaporative light scattering detection method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

evaporative light scattering detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000357)

synonyms: ELSD

A detector that uses the evaporative light scattering detection method. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

evaporative pan humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001225)

synonyms: water pan

An evaporative pan humidifier is an humidification device for smaller applications where water is boiled in a flat open pan. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

evaporator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001345)

synonyms: solvent evaporator

A device to remove organic solvent and/or water from samples by evaporation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

excimer lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001754)

synonyms: UV/VIS lamp, excilamp

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

excimer lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001754)

synonyms: UV/VIS lamp, excilamp

An excimer lamp is a light source of ultraviolet light produced by spontaneous emission of excimer (exciplex) molecules. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

eye protection

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001196)

synonyms: eye pro

Eye protection (eye pro) is protective gear for the eyes, which comes in many types depending upon the threat that is to be reduced. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

eye protection

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001196)

synonyms: eye pro

Eye protection is protective gear for the eyes, which comes in many types depending upon the threat that is to be reduced. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

fan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001253)

synonyms: mechanical fan

A device used to create a flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fast protein liquid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002251)

synonyms: FPLC system, fast protein liquid chromatography system

A fast protein liquid chromatograph is an instrument used for FPLC that is a technique in analytical chemistry used to analyze or purify mixtures of proteins. A typical laboratory FPLC consist of one or two high-precision pumps, a control unit, a column, a detection system and a fraction collector. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fast protein liquid chromatography system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002255)

synonyms: FPLC system

A fast protein liquid chromatography system is a device system that has a fast protein liquid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fed supply electrospray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000216)

The sprayer is continuously fed with sample. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

feed screw

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001735)

synonyms: metering screw

A rotating helix that conveys powder blend from the hopper to the tamping screw. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

feed screw agitator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001731)

synonyms: agitator

An agitator is a mechanical sweeping device that aids power flow into the feed screw. This is located above the feed screw at the base of the powder blend hopper. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

feeder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001721)

synonyms: fooding head, granulation feeding device

A feeder is a device that allows for filling of dies with granules. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

fermentor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001784)

A bioreactor used for fermentation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ferrule

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001762)

A ferrule is a device for fastening, joining, sealing or reinforcement. Ferrules are often narrow circular rings made from metal, or less commonly, plastic. As a connector, to connect wires, structural devices, and systems. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fiber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001692)

synonyms: fiberoptic, fibre, optical fiber

A fiber is a flexible, transparent cable with a diameter of about 1 to 200 micrometers. It can be produced by drawing glass or plastic. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fiber optic coupler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001746)

synonyms: fibre optic coupler

A fiber optic coupler is a device used in optical fiber systems with one or more input fibers and one or several output fibers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fiber optics dip probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001752)

synonyms: fibre optics dip probe

A fiber optics dip probe has openings to allow solution to flow through during measurement, thus, no traditional cuvette is needed. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fibrette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001774)

The fibrette is a fiberoptics device that consists of a thin fiber and defines the point where a beam of light is emitted into a sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fibrette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001774)

The fibrette is a fiber optics device that consists of a thin fiber and defines the point where a beam of light is emitted into a sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fibrette coupler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001775)

A fibrette coupler connects a fibrette to a UV spectrophotometer and allows for precise adjustment of the pathlength. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fibrette coupler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001775)

A fibrette coupler connects a fibrette to a UV spectrophotometer and allows for precise adjustment of the path length. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

field desorption mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000814)

synonyms: FD mass spectrometer, FDMS

A mass spectrometer that uses field desorption. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

field ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000103)

synonyms: FI mass spectrometer, field ionisation mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses field ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

field-emission scanning electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000146)

synonyms: FE-SEM, FEG-SEM, field emission SEM, field emission scanning electron microscope, field-emission SEM

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen by scanning a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam produced by thermionic emission heating (field emission) with an acceleration voltage of 50-150 kV across the specimen under vacuum and measuring interaction of the electrons with the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

field-emission transmission electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000086)

synonyms: FEG-TEM, FEGTEM, TEM-FEG, field emission transmission electron microscope, field-emission TEM, field-emission-gun transmission electron microscope

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of an electron transparent specimen using a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam (produced by thermionic emission heating) with an acceleration voltage of 50-150 kV under vacuum. The energies and intensities of the transmitted electrons are measured. [CHMO]

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defined in:

filament (ms)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002217)

synonyms: filament

A filament is a device that produces an electron stream to charge neutrals for analysis by mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001285)

A device that performs filtration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

filtration class code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001229)

Code for a filtration class. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fine dust filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001288)

Air filter with the group designation M and F, containing EN 779 filter classes M5, M6, F7, F8, (F5, F6). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fixed angle rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001161)

Fixed angle rotors are made of a single block of material and hold the tubes in cavities bored at a predetermined angle. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

flame ionization detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000209)

synonyms: FID

A flame ionization detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flame photometric detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002276)

synonyms: FPD

A flame photometric detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of chemiluminescence as a result of ignition. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flame photometric detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000419)

synonyms: sulfur chemiluminescence detector, SCD, FPD

A detector the uses the flame photometric detection method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flame photometric detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000419)

synonyms: sulfur chemiluminescence detector, SCD, FPD

A detector the uses the flame photometric detection method. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000545)

Flasks are narrow-necked glass containers, typically conical or spherical, used in a laboratory to hold reagents or samples. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

flat beaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001277)

synonyms: crystallizer

A flat beaker is a flat container that can be used for crystallization or as a vessel for hot-bath heating. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flat sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001669)

synonyms: sample stage spinner, spinner

A flat stage is a flat surface that carries non-volatile samples for measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flat-bottom flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001486)

Flat-bottom flasks are with a flat bottom. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

flow cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000105)

A flow cell is a measurement chamber that allows the sample to flow through. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flow cytometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000652)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a flow cell, a laser and a detector, which detects the fluorescence and light scattering of individual particles (e.g. cells). [CHMO]

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defined in:

flow measurement device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001705)

A flow measurement device is a plumbing equipment with a function to quantify bulk fluid movement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flow restrictor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001760)

synonyms: flow controller

A flow restrictor is a component supplied with the system or separately, pre-adjusted to give a specific back-pressure over the nominal flow range of the liquid chromatography system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

flowing afterglow ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000578)

In a flowing afterglow, ions are formed in a flow of inert gas, typically helium or argon. Reagents are added downstream to create ion products and study reaction rates. Flowing-afterglow mass spectrometry is used for trace gas analysis. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fluid-cooled condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001421)

A condenser that is using a fluid for cooling. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fluorescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000567)

synonyms: FLD

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

fluorescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000567)

synonyms: FLD

A fluorescence detector is a detector that detects material by way of the measurement of the emitted fluorescence light after excitation with light. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fluorescence intensity plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001508)

synonyms: FI plate reader, fluorescence plate reader

Plate reader that uses fluorescence intensity detection. In this type of instrumentation, a first optical system (excitation system) illuminates the sample using a specific wavelength (selected by an optical filter, or a monochromator). As a result of the illumination, the sample emits light (it fluoresces) and a second optical system (emission system) collects the emitted light, separates it from the excitation light (using a filter or monochromator system), and measures the signal using a light detector such as a photomultiplier tube (PMT). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fluorescence microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000559)

A microscope that uses an excitation source to produce light which is passed through an excitation filter, reflects off the surface of a dichroic mirror onto the specimen which fluoresces, producing light that passes through an emission filter to select only the required wavelengths onto the collector lens. [CHMO]

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defined in:

fluorescence polarization plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001513)

A plate reader that uses fluorescence polarization measurements. Fluorescence polarization measurement is also very close to FI detection. The difference is that the optical system includes polarizing filters on the light path: the samples in the microplate are excited using polarized light (instead of non-polarized light in FI and TRF modes). Depending on the mobility of the fluorescent molecules found in the wells, the light emitted will either be polarized or not. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

focal plane array

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000601)

synonyms: focal plane array, FPA, focal-plane array, staring array, staring plane array, staring-plane array

A sensing device, consisting of an array of light-sensing pixels at the focal plane of a lens, that is sensitive to infrared radiation. The device operates by converting infrared photons to an electrical signal, and using it to construct an image of the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

focal plane detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000444)

synonyms: focal plane collector

Detector for m/z spatially dispersed ion beams in which all ions simultaneously impinge on the detector plane to produce spatially defined signals. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

focal plane detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000444)

synonyms: focal plane collector

Detector for m/z spatially dispersed ion beams in which all ions simultaneously impinge on the detector plane to produce spatially defined signals. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

force feeder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001778)

A force feeder is a type of feeder that applies shear to a powder bed over an open die to allow material to fill into each die consistently. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

force gauge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002268)

A force gauge is a measurement device used to measure forces. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

forced air temperature controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000132)

A forced air temperature controller is a temperature controller that maintains its temperature using forced air. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

forward geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000974)

synonyms: normal geometry

Double-focusing mass spectrometer configuration in which the ion beam traverses the electric sector before the magnetic sector. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

forward geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000974)

synonyms: normal geometry

Double-focusing mass spectrometer configuration in which the ion beam traverses the electric sector before the magnetic sector. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

fourier transform raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001686)

synonyms: FT Raman, fourier transform raman, Fourier transform raman

A Fourier transform Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that applies Fourier transformation to the time domain signal in order to convert it to the frequency domain. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

fraction collector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000088)

synonyms: fraction collection

A fraction collector is a collecting device for recovering fractional volumes of the column effluent. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

fraction collector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000088)

synonyms: fraction collection

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

free electron laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000131)

synonyms: free electron laser, FEL

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

free-electron laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000131)

synonyms: free electron laser, FEL

A free-electron laser is a laser whose lasing medium consists of very-high-speed electrons moving freely through a magnetic structure, hence the term free electron. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

freeze-dryer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001351)

A device used for freeze-drying. Freeze-drying works by freezing the material and then reducing the surrounding pressure to allow the frozen water in the material to sublimate directly from the solid phase to the gas phase. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

freezer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001185)

A freezer is a cold storage that maintains a temperature below the freezing point of water. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

frequency synthesizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002212)

synonyms: frequency generator

A frequency generator is an electrical device which creates a signal at a predetermined frequency. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

friction fit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001477)

synonyms: interference fit

An interference fit or friction fit requires some force to close and open, providing additional security. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fringing field

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000367)

A sector, lens or other ion optics element that produces an electric or magnetic field that extends from its edge. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

full band radio frequency synthesizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001662)

synonyms: full band RF synthesizer

A full band radio frequency synthesizer is a type of RF synthesizer that creates electromagnetic radiation in the range of resonance frequencies of 1H to 15N. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

full-duplex deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001826)

A duplex system in which both parties can communicate with each other simultaneously. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

full-duplex

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001826)

A duplex system in which both parties can communicate with each other simultaneously. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001230)

synonyms: fume cupboard

A fume hood or fume cupboard is a type of local ventilation device that is designed to limit exposure to hazardous or toxic fumes, vapors or dusts. A fume hood is typically a large piece of equipment enclosing five sides of a work area, the bottom of which is most commonly located at a standing work height. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002149)

A funnel is a pipe with a wide (often conical) mouth and a narrow stem. It is used to channel liquid or fine-grained substances into containers with a small opening. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

furnace

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001136)

A furnace is a device used for high-temperature heating. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

fused silica capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000659)

A fused silica capillary is a separation capillary that consists of silica in amophous form. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

galvanostat

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000467)

synonyms: amperostat

A piece of apparatus that maintains the current through an electrochemical cell at a preset value. [CHMO]

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defined in:

gas bubbler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001406)

A gas bubbler is a piece of laboratory glassware which consists of a glass bulb filled with a small amount of fluid — usually mineral or silicone oil, less commonly mercury. The inlet to the bulb is connected to a ground glass joint, while the outlet is vented to the air. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

gas burner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001139)

A gas burner is a device to generate a flame to heat up products using a gaseous fuel such as acetylene, natural gas or propane. Some burners have an air inlet to mix the fuel gas with air to make a complete combustion. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

gas cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001696)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

gas cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001696)

A gas cell is a flow cell used for analyzing gases or vapours. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000024)

synonyms: GC system, gas chromatography system, GC device, gas chromatography device

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/ processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

gas chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000024)

synonyms: GC system, gas chromatography system, GC device, gas chromatography device

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

gas chromatograph inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000161)

synonyms: GC injector, GC inlet, column injector, column inlet, gas chromatograph injector

An inlet into a gas chromatograph. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer transfer line

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000208)

A piece of apparatus connecting a gas chromatograph to a mass spectrometer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer transfer line

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000208)

A piece of apparatus connecting a gas chromatograph to a mass spectrometer.

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defined in:

gas chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000772)

A chromatography column used for gas chromatography. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000772)

A chromatography column used for gas chromatography. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

gas chromatography detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002188)

synonyms: GC detector

A gas chromatography detector is a detector that is used in gas chromatography as component of a GC system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas cylinder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001483)

synonyms: bottle, high pressure cylinder

A gas cylinder or tank is a pressure vessel used to store gases at above atmospheric pressure. High-pressure gas cylinders are also called bottles. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

gas detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001702)

synonyms: air detector, air sensor

A gas detector is a device that detects the presence of gases (bubbles) in liquids. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001702)

synonyms: air detector, air sensor

A gas detector is a device that detects the presence of gases (bubbles) in liquids. [Amgen]

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defined in:

gas discharge ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000437)

These ion sources use a plasma source or electric discharge to create ions. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

gas electrolyte analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000707)

synonyms: gas electrolyte module, gas metabolite module, metmod

The gas electrolyte analyzer is used for the analysis of dissolved gases and dissolved electrolytes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000641)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

gas laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000641)

A gas laser is a laser in which an electric current is discharged through a gas to produce coherent light. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

gas pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002182)

A gas pump is a device used to transfer gases. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gas pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002182)

A gas pump is a device used to transfer gases. [Amgen]

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defined in:

gas sensing electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000177)

synonyms: dissolved gas sensor

A gas sensing electrode (GSE) measures dissolved oxygen and carbon dioxide concentrations in an aqueous sample in the form of partial pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gel filled capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000600)

synonyms: capillary gel column

A gel filled capillary is a separation capillary that contains a gel as stationary phase. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gel filtration chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000431)

synonyms: GPC, gel permeation chromatograph

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eluent supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column containing a swollen gel, a detector and a data acquisition/ processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

gel filtration chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000431)

synonyms: GPC, gel permeation chromatograph

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eluent supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column containing a swollen gel, a detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations. [CHMO]

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defined in:

generator electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000531)

A generator anodic Karl Fischer electrode (there is no separate cathode compartment with reduction taking place on the platinum surface). [Allotrope]

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defined in:

generator electrode with diaphragm

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000053)

A generator electrode with a diaphragm. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

generator electrode without diaphragm

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000502)

A generator electrode without a diaphragm. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

glass electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000237)

synonyms: pH glass electrode

A hydrogen-ion-responsive electrode consisting of a piece, usually a bulb, of special glass attached to a stem of high-resistance glass complete with internal reference electrode and internal filling solution system. [CHMO, GENE]

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defined in:

glass electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000237)

synonyms: pH glass electrode

A hydrogen-ion-responsive electrode consisting of a piece, usually a bulb, of special glass attached to a stem of high-resistance glass complete with internal reference electrode and internal filling solution system. [CHMO]

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defined in:

glass membrane

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000748)

Glass membranes are made from an ion-exchange type of glass (silicate or chalcogenide). This type of ion-selective membrane has good selectivity, but only for several single-charged cations; mainly H+, Na+, and Ag+. Chalcogenide glass also has selectivity for double-charged metal ions, such as Pb2+, and Cd2+. The glass membrane has excellent chemical durability and can work in very aggressive media. A very common example of this type of electrode is the pH glass electrode. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

glass slide

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001693)

A glass slide is a small flat slide of glass that can carry a sample for inspection. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

glovebox

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001352)

synonyms: glove box

A glovebox (or glove box) is a sealed container that is designed to allow one to manipulate objects where a separate atmosphere is desired. Built into the sides of the glovebox are gloves arranged in such a way that the user can place their hands into the gloves and perform tasks inside the box without breaking containment. Part or all of the box is usually transparent to allow the user to see what is being manipulated. Two types of gloveboxes exist: one allows a person to work with hazardous substances, such as radioactive materials or infectious disease agents; the other allows manipulation of substances that must be contained within a very high purity inert atmosphere, such as argon or nitrogen. It is also possible to use a glovebox for manipulation of items in a vacuum chamber. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

glow discharge ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000138)

synonyms: glow discharge source

An ion source that produces ions by continuous sputtering of the sample by a glow discharge plasma, which is produced by passing a current of several hundred volts through a low pressiure gas, usually argon. [CHMO]

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defined in:

glucose sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000569)

A glucose sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a glucose within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

glutamate sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000230)

A glutamate sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a glutamate within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

glutamine sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000264)

A glutamine sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a glutamine within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gold lid

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001699)

A gold lid is a lid that is made of gold. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gold pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001632)

A gold pan is a pan made of gold. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

goniometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001783)

The goniometer is the part of a diffractometer that allows for measurement of the 2Theta angle. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

graphite electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000709)

A carbon electrode that has been fired at a temperature around 2800 K, resulting in a largely graphitic composition. [CHMO]

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defined in:

gravity feeder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001777)

A gravity feeder is a type of feeder that feeds in objects via gravity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gridless reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000976)

Reflectron design in which the decelerating/accelerating field is produced without the use of wire-mesh grids. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

gridless reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000976)

Reflectron design in which the decelerating/accelerating field is produced without the use of wire-mesh grids. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

gripping device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002271)

A gripping device is a device that takes holds of something firmly or tightly. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ground glass stopper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001494)

synonyms: glass stopper

Ground glass joint stoppers are stoppers commonly used with laboratory glassware, mainly because of their nonreactivity. Some stoppers used in labs have holes in them to allow the insertion of glass or rubber tubing. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

guard column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000430)

A short protective chromatography column used to protect the main analytical column from damaging impurities that are injected into the instrument. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

guiding device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002189)

A guiding device is a device that has the function to direct a flow in a specific direction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

gyratory crusher

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001459)

A gyratory crusher is similar in basic concept to a jaw crusher, consisting of a concave surface and a conical head; both surfaces are typically lined with manganese steel surfaces. The inner cone has a slight circular movement, but does not rotate; the movement is generated by an eccentric arrangement. As with the jaw crusher, material travels downward between the two surfaces being progressively crushed until it is small enough to fall out through the gap between the two surfaces. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

half-duplex deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001827)

A duplex system in which both parties can communicate with each other not simultaneously. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

half-duplex

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001827)

A duplex system in which both parties can communicate with each other not simultaneously. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

hammer mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001445)

synonyms: impact mill

A hammermill is a mill whose purpose is to shred or crush aggregate material into smaller pieces by the repeated blows of little hammers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

handheld raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001684)

A handheld Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that can be carried around to measure samples at different locations. [Allotrope]

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hanging mercury drop electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000289)

synonyms: HMDE, SMDE, static drop mercury electrode

An electrode formed of a partial mercury drop of controlled geometry and surface area at the end of a capillary. [CHMO]

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defined in:

headspace autosampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000860)

A headspace autosampler is a type of autosampler that allows for automatic sampling for headspace analyses. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

hearing protection

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001195)

Hearing protection is protective gear for the ears. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

heat exchanger

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001150)

A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between one or more fluids. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

heat seal

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002270)

A heat seal is a coupling device that is the output of a heat sealing process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

heated bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001129)

A heated bath is used in the laboratory to allow a chemical reaction to occur at an elevated temperature. The heated bath is a fluid placed in an open (metal) pot. Water and silicone oil are the most commonly used fluids. A water bath is used for temperatures up to 100 °C. An oil bath is employed for temperatures over 100 °C. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

heater bar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002269)

A heater bar is a heating device that is long and thin. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

heating device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001128)

synonyms: heater, heating equipment

A device used for heating something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

heating element

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001127)

A heating element converts electricity into heat through the process of resistive or Joule heating. Electric current passing through the element encounters resistance, resulting in heating of the element. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

hermetic pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001627)

A hermetic pan is a pan that can be sealed hermetically. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

high pressure grinding rolls

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001437)

synonyms: roller press, HPGR

The high pressure grinding rolls consists out of two rollers with the same dimensions, which are rotating against each other with the same circumferential speed. The special feeding of bulk material through a hopper leads to a material bed between the two rollers. The bearing units of one roller can move linearly and are pressed against the material bed by springs or hydraulic cylinders. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

high-efficiency particulate air filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001286)

synonyms: Group H HEPA, HEPA, HEPA filter, high-efficiency particulate air, high-efficiency particulate arrestance, high-efficiency particulate arresting

High-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) is a type of air filter. Filters meeting the HEPA standard have many applications, including use in medical facilities, automobiles, aircraft and homes. The filter must satisfy certain standards of efficiency such as those set by the United States Department of Energy (DOE). To qualify as HEPA by US government standards, an air filter must remove (from the air that passes through) 99.97% of particles that have a size of 0.3 µm. This filter has EN 1822 filter classes H13 and H14. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000706)

synonyms: FAIMS

A mass spectrometer that uses high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

high-performance liquid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000224)

synonyms: HPLC system, high-performance liquid chromatography system

A high-performance liquid chromatograph is an instrument used for HPLC that is a technique in analytical chemistry used to separate the components in a mixture, to identify each component, and to quantify each component. It has pumps to pass a pressurized liquid solvent containing the sample mixture through a column filled with a solid adsorbent material. Each component in the sample interacts slightly differently with the adsorbent material, causing different flow rates for the different components and leading to the separation of the components as they flow out the column. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

high-performance liquid chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000231)

synonyms: HPLC column

A chromatography column that contains very small particles and is capable of taking a high inlet pressure. [CHMO]

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defined in:

high-pressure pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000468)

A high pressure pump is a type of pump that can establish pressures above several hundreds of bar. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

high-pressure pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000468)

A high pressure pump is a type of pump that can establish pressures above several hundreds of bar. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

high-pressure valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000750)

A valve used for pressure between 0 and 15000 psi. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

high-resolution transmission electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000515)

synonyms: HRTEM, high resolution transmission electron microscope, high-resolution (HR) TEM

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of an electron transparent specimen using several finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beams with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV under vacuum. The amplitude of the interference of the transmitted electron waves is then measured and the phase contrast is used to produce an image. [CHMO]

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defined in:

high-speed centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001164)

Centrifuge with a rotational speed of 15000-20000 RPM and a centrifugal field of 100000 g with large sample capacity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

holographic optical tweezers

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000854)

synonyms: HOTs, holographic optical trap

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a laser, a beam splitter, an optical microscope, a condenser and a CCD camera, that is used to manipulate microscopic particles. The beam splitter is used to create multiple laser beams that interfere forming multiple optical traps. [CHMO]

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defined in:

homogenizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000299)

A homogenizer is a device used for homogenization of various types of material. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001231)

synonyms: laboratory hood

An enclosure or canopy for carrying of fumes, dust, sprays or smoke. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

hopper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001719)

synonyms: feed material hopper

A hopper is a storage container used to dispense materials into the feeding system of a given tablet press. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

hot plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001142)

A hot plate is a portable self-contained tabletop small appliance that features one, two or more gas burners or electric heating elements. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001205)

synonyms: humidity system

A humidifier is a device that increases humidity (moisture) in an enclosure. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

humidity controlled sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001682)

synonyms: variable humidity sample stage

A sample stage where the humidity can be controlled/varied during measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

humidity controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001679)

synonyms: humidity regulated module

A humidity controller is a device that allows for controlling the relative humidity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

humidity sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000081)

A sensor that measures the humidity of a substance or the ambient humidity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

hybrid mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001025)

Mass spectrometer that combines m/z analyzers of different types to perform tandem mass spectrometry or higher-order MSn experiment. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

hybrid mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001025)

Mass spectrometer that combines m/z analyzers of different types to perform tandem mass spectrometry or higher-order MSn experiment. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

hybrization incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001202)

synonyms: hybridization oven, hybridisation oven

A device used for hybridization. The incubation takes place inside an oven under constant rotation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

hydrogenator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000405)

A piece of apparatus for carrying out hydrogenation reactions, usually under high pressure. [CHMO]

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defined in:

hydrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001498)

A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity (relative density) of liquids; that is, the ratio of the density of the liquid to the density of water. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

hygrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001223)

A hygrometer is an instrument used for measuring the moisture content in the atmosphere. Humidity measurement instruments usually rely on measurements of some other quantity such as temperature, pressure, mass or a mechanical or electrical change in a substance as moisture is absorbed. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

image analysis sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001714)

synonyms: imaging system

An image analysis sensor is a device that allows for the analysis of particles based on high speed images of a particle dispersion. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

immersion probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001690)

synonyms: contact probe

An immersion probe is a type of sampling probe that can be immersed in the sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

impact crusher

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001460)

Impact crushers involve the use of impact rather than pressure to crush material. The material is contained within a cage, with openings on the bottom, end, or side of the desired size to allow pulverized material to escape. There are two types of impact crushers: horizontal shaft impactor and vertical shaft impactor. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

impeller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001728)

synonyms: impellar, impellor

An impeller is a rotor used to increase (or decrease in case of turbines) the pressure and flow of a fluid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

in port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002190)

synonyms: inlet

An in port is a port in a device where material is flowing into the system boundary. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

in/out port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002192)

synonyms: bidirectional port

A in/out port is a port where a flow is going in both directions. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/perspective/CR/2019/03/system

in/out port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002192)

synonyms: bidirectional port

An in/out port is a port where a flow is going in both directions. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

incinerator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001251)

A waste treatment device that involves the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials.Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are described as "thermal treatment". Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste, and may take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas. The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before they are dispersed into the atmosphere. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001203)

synonyms: microbiological incubator

A device used to grow and maintain microbiological cultures or cell cultures. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

indicator electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000721)

synonyms: test electrode, working electrode

An electrode at which the potential is measured. [CHMO]

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defined in:

inductive detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000206)

synonyms: image current detector

Method of ion detection by measuring the current that results from the image charge induced by a coherent motion of ions passing near a conductor. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

inductive detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000206)

synonyms: image current detector

Method of ion detection by measuring the current that results from the image charge induced by a coherent motion of ions passing near a conductor. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000789)

synonyms: ICP MS, ICP-MS, plasma emission spectrometer (ICP)

A mass spectrometer that uses an inductively coupled plasma torch, an ion source that consists of a torch that is surrounded by a radio frequency generator that ionizes argon gas inside the torch to form a high-temperature (up to 10 000 K) plasma that can be used to ionize analytes. [CHMO]

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defined in:

inductively coupled plasma torch

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000483)

synonyms: ICP, ICP torch, inductively coupled plasma

Gas discharge ion source in which the energy is supplied to the plasma by electromagnetic induction. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

inductively coupled plasma torch

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000483)

synonyms: ICP, ICP torch, inductively coupled plasma

Gas discharge ion source in which the energy is supplied to the plasma by electromagnetic induction. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

infrared microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000492)

synonyms: IR microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an optical microscope coupled to a reflecting magnifying mirror system, which is used to collect spatially resolved infrared spectra of the surface of a specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

infrared probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001681)

synonyms: IR probe

An infrared probe is a device that allows for measurements using IR spectroscopy. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

infrared spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000619)

synonyms: IR spectrometer, IR spectrophotometer, infra-red spectrometer

A piece of apparatus consisting of an infrared laser and a detector which is used to measure spectra in the infrared range. [CHMO]

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defined in:

inhibition device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002254)

synonyms: inhibitor

An inhibition device is a device that has the function to inhibit flows (material, energy, information). A part of the flow is passing through the device. [Allotrope]

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injection device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000266)

synonyms: injector

A device that introduces objects into the inside of another object. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

injection device component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002186)

An injection device component is a component of an injection device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

injection valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000654)

synonyms: injector valve, sample injection valve

Valve in the sample injection part of a chromatograph. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

injector position code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001964)

The code of the injector position. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001172)

The incoming port of a device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

inlet liner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000526)

The inlet liner is a tube that allows a sample which is injected in the liquid phase to pass into the gaseous phase and onto the column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

inlet liner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000526)

The inlet liner is a tube that allows a sample which is injected in the liquid phase to pass into the gaseous phase and onto the column. [OSTHUS]

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input device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002156)

A device that is used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

instrument command deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000958)

An instrument command is a statement that tells an instrument to execute a process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2018/07/aft

instrument command

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000958)

An instrument command is a statement that tells an instrument to execute a process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/REC/2018/04/aft

interferometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001770)

synonyms: bio-layer interferometer

A bio-layer interferometer is a device that allows for measurements using bio-layer interferometry. [Allotrope]

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interrogating electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000624)

An electrode whose response indicates the change of some analytical variable. [CHMO]

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inverted microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000643)

synonyms: inverted optical microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, condenser and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. In an inverted microscope the light source and condenser are mounted above the stage, while the objective lens and turret are mounted below the stage. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ion cyclotron resonance cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000866)

A piece of apparatus consisting of paired trapping plates, receiver plates and transmitter plates which provides a magnetic field that coherently excites ions according to their cyclotron frequencies which depend on their mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000987)

synonyms: ICR-MS

Mass spectrometer in which the ions to be detected, with a selected value of m/z, absorb energy through the effect of a high-frequency electric field and a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the electric field. Maximum energy is gained by the ions that satisfy the cyclotron resonance condition and as a result they are separated from ions of different m/z. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000987)

synonyms: ICR-MS

Mass spectrometer in which the ions to be detected, with a selected value of m/z, absorb energy through the effect of a high-frequency electric field and a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the electric field. Maximum energy is gained by the ions that satisfy the cyclotron resonance condition and as a result they are separated from ions of different m/z. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

ion detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000642)

synonyms: ion collector

A piece of apparatus that produces an output that depends on the number of ions that it encounters. [CHMO]

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ion exchange resin membrane

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000548)

Ion-exchange resins are based on special organic polymer membranes which contain a specific ion-exchange substance (resin). This is the most widespread type of ion-specific electrode. Usage of specific resins allows preparation of selective electrodes for tens of different ions, both single-atom or multi-atom. They are also the most widespread electrodes with anionic selectivity. However, such electrodes have low chemical and physical durability as well as "survival time". An example is the potassium selective electrode, based on valinomycin as an ion-exchange agent. [Wikipedia]

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ion funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000506)

Series of stacked ring electrodes with progressively decreasing inner diameter to which a combined radio frequency and fixed potential is applied. The resulting field focuses ions travelling along the central axis. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000506)

Series of stacked ring electrodes with progressively decreasing inner diameter to which a combined radio frequency and fixed potential is applied. The resulting field focuses ions travelling along the central axis. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

ion gate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000479)

synonyms: ion pulser, ion pusher

Set of plates or grid of wires in an ion mobility spectrometer, time-of-flight mass spectrometer, or other mass spectrometer that is used to apply a pulsed electric field with the purpose of selectively deflecting charged particles. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion gate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000479)

synonyms: ion pulser, ion pusher

Set of plates or grid of wires in an ion mobility spectrometer, time-of-flight mass spectrometer, or other mass spectrometer that is used to apply a pulsed electric field with the purpose of selectively deflecting charged particles. [IUPAC]

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ion kinetic energy spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000099)

synonyms: IKES

A mass spectrometer that uses ion kinetic energy spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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ion mobility spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000489)

synonyms: IMS

A mass spectrometer that uses ion mobility spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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ion optics

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000753)

synonyms: ion guide

Devices designed to control the formation, focusing, and deflection of charged particle beams in a vacuum under the influence of electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

ion optics

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000753)

synonyms: ion guide

Devices designed to control the formation, focusing, and deflection of charged particle beams in a vacuum under the influence of electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000004)

synonyms: ionization source

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000004)

synonyms: ionization source

A ion source is a device that has the function to produce or provide ions. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ion source inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000771)

An ion source inlet is an inlet into an ion source of a mass spectrometer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ion source inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000771)

Inlet into an ion source of a mass spectrometer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000625)

synonyms: IT, LCQ, LTQ

A ion trap is a device for spatially confining ions using electric and magnetic fields alone or in combination. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000625)

synonyms: IT, LCQ, LTQ

A device for spatially confining ions using electric and magnetic fields alone or in combination. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion trap mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000427)

A piece of apparatus that consists of an ion source, a mass-to-charge analyser, a detector and a vacuum system and is used to measure mass spectra. The detector is an ion trap mass-to-charge analyser, which holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field. [CHMO]

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ion-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000803)

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is an ion exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ion-selective electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000766)

synonyms: ISE

An electrode which responds to the activity of a primary ion in presence of various other (interfering) ions in the sample solution. Ion-selective electrodes contain a selective membrane which contains fixed or mobile sites that interact with ions in solution. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ion-to-photon detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000159)

Detector in which ions strike a conversion dynode to produce electrons that in turn strike a phosphor and the resulting photons are detected by a photomultiplier. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

ion-to-photon detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000159)

Detector in which ions strike a conversion dynode to produce electrons that in turn strike a phosphor and the resulting photons are detected by a photomultiplier. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

iso 5 barrier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001331)

synonyms: barrier

A physical partition that affords aseptic processing area (ISO 5) protection by partially separating it from the surrounding area. [FDA]

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defined in:

isocratic pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000332)

A basic pump with only one channel. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

isolation valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001677)

An isolation valve is a type of valve that allows for controlling the flow of material to a certain direction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

isolator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001323)

synonyms: processing isolator

A decontaminated unit, supplied with Class 100 (ISO 5) or higher air quality, that provides uncompromised, continuous isolation of its interior from the external environment (e.g., surrounding cleanroom air and personnel). [FDA]

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defined in:

jacket

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002226)

A jacket is a covering device that is placed around something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

jar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001410)

Jars are cylindrical containers with wide openings that may be sealed. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

jaw crusher

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001457)

A jaw crusher uses compressive force for breaking of particle. This mechanical pressure is achieved by the two jaws of the crusher of which one is fixed while the other reciprocates. A jaw or toggle crusher consists of a set of vertical jaws, one jaw is kept stationary and is called a fixed jaw while the other jaw, called a swing jaw, moves back and forth relative to it, by a cam or pitman mechanism, acting like a class II lever or a nutcracker. The volume or cavity between the two jaws is called the crushing chamber. The movement of the swing jaw can be quite small, since complete crushing is not performed in one stroke. The inertia required to crush the material is provided by a weighted flywheel that moves a shaft creating an eccentric motion that causes the closing of the gap. [Wikipedia]

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jet separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000645)

Gas chromatograph-to-mass spectrometer interface where the gas chromatography effluent expands into a lower-pressure region and then through a downstream orifice. The low mass carrier gas molecules diffuse from the jet axis, leaving the sample stream enriched in the heavier analyte molecules. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

jet separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000645)

Gas chromatograph-to-mass spectrometer interface where the gas chromatography effluent expands into a lower-pressure region and then through a downstream orifice. The low mass carrier gas molecules diffuse from the jet axis, leaving the sample stream enriched in the heavier analyte molecules. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

joining device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002155)

synonyms: fastener

A device that has the function to join or fasten objects. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

keyboard

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000512)

In computing, a keyboard is a typewriter-style device, which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys, to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. [Wikipedia]

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kinetic energy analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000259)

synonyms: kinetic energy analyser

A device for measuring the kinetic energy of charged particles using a retarding field, time-of-flight, or the extent of deflection in an electric or magnetic field. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

knurled roller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001732)

Knurled rollers are rollers with a rough product contact surface to allow more grip of the powder as it forces the material through the compression (nip) zone of compaction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

laboratory centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001152)

synonyms: benchtop centrifuge, lab centrifuge

A laboratory centrifuge is a piece of laboratory equipment, driven by a motor, which spins liquid samples at high speed. There are various types of centrifuges, depending on the size and the sample capacity. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

laboratory funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001413)

synonyms: funnel

Laboratory funnels are funnels that have been made for use in the chemical laboratory. There are many different kinds of funnels that have been adapted for these specialized applications. Filter funnels, thistle funnels (shaped like thistle flowers), and dropping funnels have stopcocks which allow the fluids to be added to a flask slowly. For solids, a powder funnel with a wide and short stem is more appropriate as it does not clog easily. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

laboratory glassware

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001409)

synonyms: glassware

Laboratory glassware refers to a variety of equipment, traditionally made of glass, used for scientific experiments and other work in science, especially in chemistry and biology laboratories. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

laboratory information management system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002234)

synonyms: LIMS, LIS, LMS, laboratory information system, laboratory management system

A laboratory information management system is a data system used in laboratories to manage laboratory operations. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

lactate sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000306)

A lactate sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a lactate within a solution. [Allotrope]

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laminar flow cabinet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001249)

synonyms: laminar flow closet, tissue culture hood

A laminar flow cabinet is a carefully enclosed bench designed to prevent contamination of semiconductor wafers, biological samples, or any particle sensitive materials. Air is drawn through a HEPA filter and blown in a very smooth, laminar flow towards the user. The cabinet is usually made of stainless steel with no gaps or joints where spores might collect. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001875)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001875)

A lamp is an electromagnatic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001875)

A lamp is an electromagnetic radiation source of incoherent radiation. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000843)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000843)

A laser is a device that emits light through a process of optical amplification based on the stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]

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laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000739)

synonyms: laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses laser desorption-ionization. [Allotrope]

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laser induced fluorescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000178)

synonyms: LIF

A laser induced fluorescence detector detects species after excitation with a laser. The excited compounds deexcite after some time and emit light at a different wavelength which is recorded with photodiodes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

laser induced fluorescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000178)

synonyms: LIF

A laser induced fluorescence detector detects species after excitation with a laser. The excited compounds deexcite after some time and emit light at a different wavelength which is recorded with photodiodes. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

laser mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000015)

A mass spectrometer that uses a laser to illuminate the sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

laser-scanning confocal microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000349)

synonyms: LSCM, laser scanner

An optical microscope that works by scanning a laser across the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002261)

A lens is a guiding device with the function to converge or focus some radiation. [Allotrope]

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level (device)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000297)

synonyms: level

A level is used to indicate the levelling of a device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

linear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000509)

Two-dimensional Paul ion trap in which ions are confined in the axial dimension by means of a static electric potential. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

linear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000509)

Two-dimensional Paul ion trap in which ions are confined in the axial dimension by means of a static electric potential. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

linear quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000794)

synonyms: 2D QIT, QLT, linear quadrapole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser, linear quadrapole mass analyser, linear quadrupole ion trap mass analyser, linear quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser, linear quadrupole mass analyser, quadrupole linear ion trap, quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer

A mass-to-charge analyser that uses a two-dimensional quadrupole field (generated by four parallel electrodes) to constrain ions radially into trajectories that correspond to their mass-to-charge ratio.

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defined in:

linear quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000794)

synonyms: 2D QIT, QLT, linear quadrapole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser, linear quadrapole mass analyser, linear quadrupole ion trap mass analyser, linear quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser, linear quadrupole mass analyser, quadrupole linear ion trap, quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer

A mass-to-charge analyser that uses a two-dimensional quadrupole field (generated by four parallel electrodes) to constrain ions radially into trajectories that correspond to their mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]

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defined in:

linear quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000583)

synonyms: linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses an orthogonal-acceleration ion source. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser, which holds the ions in a stable orbit using an electric field generated by four linear parallel electrodes.

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defined in:

linear quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000583)

synonyms: linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses an orthogonal-acceleration ion source. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser, which holds the ions in a stable orbit using an electric field generated by four linear parallel electrodes. [CHMO]

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defined in:

linear quadrupole trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001047)

synonyms: LTQ, quadrupole linear ion trap, linear quadrupol trap, quadrupol linear trap, quadrupole linear trap

A linear quadrupole ion trap is similar to a quadrupole ion trap, but it traps ions in a two dimensional quadrupole field, instead of a three-dimensional quadrupole field as in a 3D quadrupole ion trap. [Wikipedia]

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liner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000543)

A liner is a piece of glass tube used in the inlet of S/SL GC injectors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000808)

synonyms: LC system, liquid chromatography system, low pressure liquid chromatography system, LC device, liquid chromatography device, low pressure liquid chromatography device

A liquid chromatograph is a system used to perform bioseparation techniques that are based on interactions of the sample with the mobile and stationary phases. [Allotrope]

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liquid chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000758)

A chromatography column used for liquid chromatography. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000758)

A chromatography column used for liquid chromatography. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

liquid chromatography detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002200)

synonyms: LC detector

A liquid chromatography detector is a detector that is used in liquid chromatography as component of a LC system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001213)

A dispenser for liquids. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid ion evaporation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001014)

Spray ionization interface in which droplets are dispersed from a pneumatic nebulizer toward a high potential electrode that produces a static charge on the droplets leading to ion formation after solvent evaporation. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

liquid ion evaporation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001014)

Spray ionization interface in which droplets are dispersed from a pneumatic nebulizer toward a high potential electrode that produces a static charge on the droplets leading to ion formation after solvent evaporation. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

liquid junction interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000999)

Means of coupling capillary electrophoresis to a mass spectrometer in which a liquid reservoir surrounds the separation capillary and transfer capillary to the mass spectrometer and provides electric contact for the capillary electrophoresis. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

liquid junction interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000999)

Means of coupling capillary electrophoresis to a mass spectrometer in which a liquid reservoir surrounds the separation capillary and transfer capillary to the mass spectrometer and provides electric contact for the capillary electrophoresis. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

liquid pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001739)

A liquid pump is a device used to transfer liquids. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001739)

A liquid pump is a device used to transfer liquids. [Amgen]

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defined in:

liquid sample holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001750)

synonyms: cuvette holder

A liquid sample holder is a type of cell holder for liquid samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

liquid temperature controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000627)

A liquid temperature controller is a temperature controller that maintains the temperature of a liquid solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

loading robot

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001743)

synonyms: sample loading robot

A sample loading robot is a robot arm, that positions the sample holder onto the spinning stage. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

lock system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001642)

The lock system is a device that locks the magnetic field strength of an NMR spectrometer at a desired, constant value. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

lock-in amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000815)

synonyms: lock in amplifier, phase-sensitive detector

A piece of apparatus that can increase the power of a signal with a known carrier wave from an extremely noisy environment. A lock-in amplifier uses a frequency mixer to convert the signals phase and amplitude into a DC voltage signal. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

lock-in amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000815)

synonyms: lock in amplifier, phase-sensitive detector

A lock-in amplifier is a type of amplifier that can extract a signal with a known carrier wave from an extremely noisy environment. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

loop

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000493)

synonyms: injector loop

A loop is a tube of fixed volume used to inject a small volume of sample via injection valve. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

low band radio frequency synthesizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001661)

synonyms: low band RF synthesizer

A low band radio frequency synthesizer is a type of RF synthesizer that creates electromagnetic radiation in the range of resonance frequencies of 15N to 31P. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

low-flow bypass constant air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001237)

synonyms: high performance bypass CAV ducted hood, high performance bypass constant air volume ducted hood, high-performance bypass CAV ducted hood, high-performance bypass constant air volume ducted hood, low flow bypass CAV ducted hood, low flow bypass constant air volume ducted hood, low-flow bypass CAV ducted hood

High-performance bypass CAV hoods are the newest type of bypass CAV hoods and typically display improved containment, safety, and energy conservation features. They generally have one or more of the following features: sash stops or horizontal-sliding sashes to limit the openings; sash position and airflow sensors that can control mechanical baffles; small fans to create an air-curtain barrier in the operator’s breathing zone; refined aerodynamic designs and variable dual-baffle systems to maintain laminar (undisturbed, nonturbulent) flow through the hood. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

low-form beaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001275)

synonyms: Griffin beaker

Low-form beakers typically have a height about 1.4 times the diameter. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

low-pressure pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000698)

A low-pressure pump is a pump that works accurately at very low pressures. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

low-pressure pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000698)

A low-pressure pump is a pump that works accurately at very low pressures. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

low-pressure valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000813)

Valve used for low pressure ranges. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

luminescence plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001511)

Plate reader that uses luminescence detection. Luminescence is the result of a chemical or biochemical reaction. A typical luminescence optical system consists of a light-tight reading chamber and a PMT detector. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

luminometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001516)

A sensitive photometer for measuring the very low intensity light intensity of luminescence. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

macro analytical balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000442)

synonyms: four place balance

Analytical balance designed for macroanalysis that has a maximum capacity of approximately 100…200 g and a readability of 0.1 mg. [DOWT]

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defined in:

magic angle spinning controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001653)

The magic angle spinning controller is a device that allows for setting up and controlling the properties of the magic angle spinning. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

magnet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000881)

A device that generates a magnetic field. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

magnetic deflector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000557)

The magnetic deflector is a device that deflects charged particles in a magnetic field due to a force equal to qv B where q is the particle charge, v its velocity and B the magnetic field. Magnetic deflection of an ion beam is used for m/z separation in a magnetic sector mass spectrometer. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

magnetic sector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000433)

synonyms: sector-field mass-to-charge analyzer

Device that produces a magnetic field perpendicular to a charged particle beam that deflects the beam to an extent that is proportional to the ratio of particle momentum and charge. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

magnetic sector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000433)

synonyms: sector-field mass-to-charge analyzer

Device that produces a magnetic field perpendicular to a charged particle beam that deflects the beam to an extent that is proportional to the ratio of particle momentum and charge. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

magnetic sector mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000704)

A mass spectrometer that uses a wedge-shaped magnetic field to separate the total ion beam into discrete ion beams according to the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions. [CHMO]

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defined in:

magnetic stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000374)

A magnetic stirrer or magnetic mixer is a laboratory device that employs a rotating magnetic field to cause a stir bar (also called "flea") immersed in a liquid to spin very quickly, thus stirring it. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

magnetic tweezers

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000175)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electromagnet containing a paramagnetic core material with a tip-shaped end, that is used to trap and manipulate magnetic particles. [CHMO]

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defined in:

magnetometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000621)

A piece of apparatus used to measure the strength and/or direction of a magnetic field. [CHMO]

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defined in:

mask (XRD)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001676)

synonyms: mask

A mask is a device that defines the slit of a detector. It allows for shaping the beam. [Allotrope]

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mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000871)

synonyms: MIKES

A mass spectrometer that uses mass analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mass flow controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001671)

A mass flow controller is a device that determines the mixture of different materials. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mass gate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001003)

Ion gate used to transmit ions in a given m/z range. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

mass gate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001003)

Ion gate used to transmit ions in a given m/z range. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

mass spectrograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001006)

Mass spectrometer in which the ions are directed onto a focal plane detector such as a photographic plate. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

mass spectrograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001006)

Mass spectrometer in which the ions are directed onto a focal plane detector such as a photographic plate. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000648)

A mass spectrometer is a measurement device that measures the m/z values and abundances of gas-phase ions. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000648)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000648)

Instrument that measures the m/z values and abundances of gas-phase ions. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/WD/2019/06/aft

mass spectrometer ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002215)

synonyms: A mass spectrometer ionization source is a piece of apparatus that takes an analyte and generates ions which are passed to the rest of a mass spectrometer for analysis. [CHMO], MS ionization source, mass spectrometry ionization source

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defined in:

mass spectrometer ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002215)

synonyms: A mass spectrometer ionization source is a piece of apparatus that takes an analyte and generates ions which are passed to the rest of a mass spectrometer for analysis. [CHMO], MS ionization source, mass spectrometry ionization source

A mass spectrometer ionization source is a piece of apparatus that takes an analyte and generates ions which are passed to the rest of a mass spectrometer for analysis. [CHMO]

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defined in:

mass spectrometry system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002205)

synonyms: A mass spectrometry system is a measuring system that is designed and assembled to realize the measurement function by way of mass spectrometry. [Allotrope], MS system

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defined in:

mass spectrometry system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002205)

synonyms: A mass spectrometry system is a measuring system that is designed and assembled to realize the measurement function by way of mass spectrometry. [Allotrope], MS system

A mass spectrometry system is a measuring system that is designed and assembled to realize the measurement function by way of mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000038)

synonyms: mass-to-charge analyser, mass analyzer, mass analyser

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000038)

synonyms: mass-to-charge analyser, mass analyzer, mass analyser

A mass-to-charge analyzer is a separation device that separates ionized masses by their mass to charge ratio. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000620)

synonyms: MALDI ionisation source, MALDI ionization source

Ionization source for a the formation of gas-phase ions from molecules present in a solid or liquid matrix that is irradiated with a laser. The matrix is a material that absorbs the laser energy and promotes ionization. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000620)

synonyms: MALDI ionisation source, MALDI ionization source

Ionization source for a the formation of gas-phase ions from molecules present in a solid or liquid matrix that is irradiated with a laser. The matrix is a material that absorbs the laser energy and promotes ionization. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000741)

synonyms: MALDI mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses a plate to hold the sample in a matrix (such as crystallised dihydrobenzoic acid) whilst it is vaporized and ionized using a high-energy pulsed laser. [CHMO]

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defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption-ionization plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000552)

synonyms: MALDI plate, precoated MALDI sample plate

A extremely flat surface that holds the sample during a mass spectrometry experiment where the sample is vaporized and ionized using a high-energy pulsed laser whilst being held in a matrix to protect it from direct laser illumination and to separate the sample molecules. The surface of the plate may be chemically functionalised for a specific sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

measurement chamber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000646)

synonyms: measurement cell

A measurement chamber is a closed space that contains the sample for measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

measurement component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002185)

synonyms: measurement module

A measurement component is a component of a measuring system, that does measuring. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

measurement device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002145)

synonyms: analyser, analyzer, instrument, measuring apparatus, measuring instrument, measuring sensor

A device that measures some aspect of reality, such as a quality or the profile of a process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

measuring system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002141)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

measuring system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002141)

A measuring system is a device system which has the designed function of measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mechanical seal

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001852)

synonyms: seal

A mechanical seal is a device that helps join systems or mechanisms together by preventing leakage (e.g. in a plumbing system), containing pressure, or excluding contamination. The effectiveness of a seal is dependent on adhesion in the case of sealants and compression in the case of gaskets. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

medical device tester

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002213)

synonyms: device tester

A medical device tester is an instrument designed to measure and test the performance of medical devices. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

membrane

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000529)

A membrane is a selective barrier; it allows some things to pass through but stops others. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

membrane separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000765)

synonyms: membrane inlet

GC-MS interface with a polymer membrane that selectively passes analyte molecules in preference to the carrier gas thereby enriching the analyte in the gas stream. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

membrane separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000765)

synonyms: membrane inlet

GC-MS interface with a polymer membrane that selectively passes analyte molecules in preference to the carrier gas thereby enriching the analyte in the gas stream. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

mercury bubbler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001408)

A gas bubbler filled with mercury. They usually have a longer body to prevent mercury from splashing out through the bubbler outlet, and the inlet connection usually has a sintered glass disc to prevent mercury from being sucked back into the inert gas system when refilling an evacuated vessel. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

mercury cadmium tellurium detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000166)

synonyms: MCT detector

A detector for infrared measurements that employs a thin layer of the semiconductor HgCdTe. Incident photons with energy greater than the semiconductor band-gap energy excite electrons into the conduction band, creating an increase in the conductivity of the layer which is detected by two electrodes. [CHMO]

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defined in:

metabolite sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000362)

A metabolite sensor is a sensor that observes the concentration of a dissolved metabolite within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

metal checker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001720)

A metal checker is a device that detects metal fragments. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

metal checker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001720)

A metal checker is a device that detects metal fragments. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

metering pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001176)

A metering pump moves a precise volume of liquid in a specified time period providing an accurate flow rate. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

micro balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000830)

synonyms: microanalytical balance, microchemical balance, six place balance

An microchemical balance has a capacity of 5 - 20 g with a precision of 0.001 - 0.005 mg. [IUPAC Orange Book]

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defined in:

micro balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000830)

synonyms: microanalytical balance, microchemical balance, six place balance

An microchemical balance has a capacity of 5 - 20 g with a precision of 0.001 - 0.005 mg. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

microcentrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001154)

synonyms: Eppendorf, microfuge

A laboratory centrifuge for small tubes from 0.2 ml to 2.0 ml (micro tubes), up to 96 well-plates, compact design and small footprint. Can generate forces up to 15000 g. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

microchannel plate detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000059)

synonyms: CEMA, channel electron multiplier array, multichannel plate

Thin plate that contains a closely spaced array of channels each of which acts as a continuous dynode particle multiplier. A fast charged or neutral particle, or a photon, that strikes the plate causes a cascade of secondary electrons that ultimately exits the opposite side of the plate. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

microchannel plate detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000059)

synonyms: CEMA, channel electron multiplier array, multichannel plate

Thin plate that contains a closely spaced array of channels each of which acts as a continuous dynode particle multiplier. A fast charged or neutral particle, or a photon, that strikes the plate causes a cascade of secondary electrons that ultimately exits the opposite side of the plate. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

micromanipulator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000202)

A piece of apparatus which is used to physically interact with a sample under a microscope. [CHMO]

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defined in:

microplate dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001215)

synonyms: plate dispenser

Microplate dispensers deliver pre-determined fluid volumes to microplate wells using either peristaltic pumps or microprocessor-controlled syringe drives. Peristaltic pumps are used for continuous or semi-continuous liquid dispensing; syringe dispensers are used for precise dispensing in sub-microliter volumes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

microplate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001635)

synonyms: plate reader, reader

Plate readers, also known as microplate readers or microplate photometers, are instruments which are used to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. They are widely used in research, drug discovery, bioassay validation, quality control and manufacturing processes in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry and academic organizations. Sample reactions can be assayed in 6-1536 well format microtiter plates. The most common microplate format used in academic research laboratories or clinical diagnostic laboratories is 96-well (8 by 12 matrix) with a typical reaction volume between 100 and 200 µL per well. Higher density microplates (384- or 1536-well microplates) are typically used for screening applications, when throughput (number of samples per day processed) and assay cost per sample become critical parameters, with a typical assay volume between 5 and 50 µL per well. Common detection modes for microplate assays are absorbance, fluorescence intensity, luminescence, time-resolved fluorescence, and fluorescence polarization. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

microplate shaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001341)

synonyms: plate shaker

A microplate shaker is a shaker that is designed to hold microplates. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

microplate washer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001219)

Microplate washers remove reagents from microplate wells during assay wash steps. The rate of removal (aspiration) can range from gentle, for sensitive cell washing, to robust, for standard ELISAs. Specialized microplate washers also exist for bead-based assays using biomagnetic separation or vacuum filtration. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000825)

A microscope is a device which is used to visually magnify a specimen. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000825)

A piece of apparatus which is used to visually magnify a specimen. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

microtiter plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001872)

synonyms: microplate, microwell plate, multiwell

A microtiter plate is a flat plate with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

microwave oven

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000538)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a high- voltage transformer, a cavity magnetron, a waveguide and a sample chamber, that is used to heat samples by irradiation with microwave (2 GHz) radiation. [CHMO]

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defined in:

mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001435)

synonyms: milling device

A mill is a device that breaks solid materials into smaller pieces by grinding, crushing, or cutting. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

mixer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001266)

synonyms: mixing device

A mixer is a device used for mixing. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mixer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001266)

synonyms: mixing device

A device used for mixing. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mixing baffle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001726)

A mixing baffle is a device that supports the mixing of objects. Mixing baffles are attached to the inner side of containers in order to improve the mixing of objects when the impeller or turbine rotates. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mixing chamber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000457)

A mixing chamber is a reservoir with a fixed volume designed to provide in-line mixing/blending of samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mixing cup

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000144)

A mixing cup is a container with the shape of a cup that is used for mixing reagents. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mobile phase selection valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000181)

Valve used to select mobile phase to use. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

molecular effusion separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001002)

GC-MS interface that subjects the GC effluent to effusive flow through a porous glass tube. The lighter carrier gas passes out of the tube, leaving the gas within the tube enriched in analyte. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

molecular effusion separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001002)

GC-MS interface that subjects the GC effluent to effusive flow through a porous glass tube. The lighter carrier gas passes out of the tube, leaving the gas within the tube enriched in analyte. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

molybdenum K-alpha source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000682)

An X-ray source where molybdenum atoms emit X-rays through a 1s from 2p transition. [CHMO]

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defined in:

momentum separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001001)

Mass spectrometer interface to inlets including chromatography and spray-based ion sources that enriches the sample by selecting the central part of the effluent or spray using an orifice or skimmer. Particles with a higher forward momentum diverge less from the spray axis for a given radial momentum. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

momentum separator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001001)

Mass spectrometer interface to inlets including chromatography and spray-based ion sources that enriches the sample by selecting the central part of the effluent or spray using an orifice or skimmer. Particles with a higher forward momentum diverge less from the spray axis for a given radial momentum. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

monochromator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000409)

A piece of apparatus that transmits a narrow band of wavelengths of light or other radiation (e.g. X-rays) chosen from a wider range of wavelengths available at the input. [CHMO]

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defined in:

monodisperse aerosol generating interface for chromatography

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001000)

synonyms: MAGIC

Particle beam interface that incorporates a monodisperse aerosol generator. [IUPAC MS REC]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2018/04/lc-ms

monolithic column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002202)

A monolithic columns is a chromatography column where the stationary phase synthesized in place as a single lattice structure in the column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

mortar and pestle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000179)

synonyms: hand mortar, mortar grinder

A mortar and pestle is a device used to prepare ingredients or substances by crushing and grinding them into a fine paste or powder. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

moving belt interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000602)

synonyms: moving belt

Liquid sample mass spectrometer interface that uses two or more pulleys and a continuous loop of material. Samples are sprayed or deposited from solution onto the belt where they are transported into the vacuum system for vaporization or desorption and ionization. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

moving belt interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000602)

synonyms: moving belt

Liquid sample mass spectrometer interface that uses two or more pulleys and a continuous loop of material. Samples are sprayed or deposited from solution onto the belt where they are transported into the vacuum system for vaporization or desorption and ionization. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

moving wire

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000188)

Continuous moving surface in the form of a wire which passes through an ion source carrying analyte molecules. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

multi-collector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000606)

A multi collector is a detector system commonly used in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers that uses a series of collectors, where the ion beams are measured simultaneously. [PSI-MS, Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

multi-collector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000606)

A multi collector is a detector system commonly used in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers that uses a series of collectors, where the ion beams are measured simultaneously. [PSI-MS, OSTHUS]

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defined in:

multi-collector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000606)

A multi collector is an ion detector using multiple collectors in series to detect ions simultaneously. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

multi-mode plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001514)

A plate reader that combines multiple detection methods. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

multi-stage mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000019)

synonyms: MSn

A mass spectrometer that uses multiple stages. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

multiangle light scatterer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001740)

A multiangle light scatterer is a device that allows for measurements using multiangle light scattering. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

multicell holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001748)

A multicell holder is a type of cell holder that can carry multiple cells at the same time. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

multicollector mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001007)

Mass spectrograph based on a double-focusing magnetic analyzer that spatially disperses ions of different m/z values on to an array of Faraday cup detectors, generally used with inductively coupled plasma ion sources for isotopic composition measurements.

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

multicollector mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001007)

Mass spectrograph based on a double-focusing magnetic analyzer that spatially disperses ions of different m/z values on to an array of Faraday cup detectors, generally used with inductively coupled plasma ion sources for isotopic composition measurements. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

multimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002211)

A multimeter is an instrument designed to measure electric current, voltage, and usually resistance, typically over several ranges of value. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nanoelectrospray ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000666)

synonyms: nanoESI source

An ion source that implements the nanoelectrospray ionization method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nanospray inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000679)

Inlet for nanospray ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

narrow neck bottle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001472)

synonyms: narrow mouth bottle

A narrow neck bottle is a bottle that has a neck with a small diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

near infrared spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001634)

synonyms: NIR spectrometer

A near infrared spectrometer allows for measurements using NIRS. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a spectroscopic method that uses the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum to measure molecular vibration (from about 700 nm to 2500 nm). [Wikipedia, AMGEN]

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defined in:

near infrared spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001634)

synonyms: NIR spectrometer

A near infrared spectrometer allows for measurements using NIRS. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a spectroscopic method that uses the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum to measure molecular vibration (from about 700 nm to 2500 nm). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

nebulizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000990)

A device for producing a mist from a liquid. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

needle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002102)

A needle is a device consisting of a very thin, hollow tube with a sharp tip which contains a small opening at the pointed end. It is commonly used with a syringe. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

negative pressure deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001404)

Negative pressure is a pressure within a system that is lower than the environment that surrounds that system. This prevents flow out of the environment. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

negative pressure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001404)

Negative pressure is a pressure within a system that is lower than the environment that surrounds that system. This prevents flow out of the environment. [Allotrope]

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nephelometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001503)

synonyms: turbidimeter

A nephelometer is an instrument for measuring concentration of suspended particulates in a liquid or gas colloid. A nephelometer measures suspended particulates by employing a light beam (source beam) and a light detector set to one side (often 90°) of the source beam. Particle density is then a function of the light reflected into the detector from the particles. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

neutral capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000549)

A neutral capillary is one that contains no anchor groups to neither anions nor cations. [Allotrope]

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nitrogen blowdown evaporator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001346)

synonyms: nitrogen evaporator

An evaporator where an inert gas such as nitrogen is blown down to speed evaporation. [Allotrope]

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nitrogen chemiluminescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002274)

synonyms: NCD

A nitrogen chemiluminescence detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of nitrogen chemiluminescence. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nitrogen phosphorus detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000141)

synonyms: nitrogen-phosphorus detector, NPD, thermionic specific detector

A detector that uses nitrogen phosphorus detection. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2018/04/detection

nitrogen-phosphorus detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002273)

synonyms: NPD

A nitrogen-phosphorus detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions via thermal heating over an alkali metal. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

non-bypass constant air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001236)

synonyms: non-bypass CAV ducted hood

Closing the sash on a non-bybass CAV hood will increase face velocity ("pull"), which is a function of the total volume divided by the area of the sash opening. Thus, a conventional hood's performance (from a safety perspective) depends primarily on sash position, with safety increasing as the hood is drawn closed. To address this issue, many conventional CAV hoods specify a maximum height that the fume hood can be open in order to maintain safe airflow levels. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

non-circulating bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001132)

This type of bath relies primarily on convection instead of the liquid being uniformly heated. Therefore, it is less accurate in terms of temperature control. In addition, there are add-ons that provide stirring to non-circulating baths to create more uniform heat transfer. [Wikipedia, Allotrope]

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defined in:

non-circulating water bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001135)

A water bath that is not circulated. [Allotrope]

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non-contact probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001691)

A non-contact probe allows for measurements of a sample without touching it. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

non-perforated coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001768)

A non-perforated coating pan is a type of coating pan that has closed surfaces. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

non-perforated coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001768)

A non-perforated coating pan is a type of coating pan that has closed surfaces. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

nozzle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002222)

A nozzle is a transferring device consisting of jet port with an opening for regulating and/or directing the flow of fluid. [Allotrope]

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nuclear magnetic resonance cryoprobe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000288)

NMR spectrometer probe where the sample remains at ambient or regulated temperature, and the probe RF coils and preamplifiers are typically cooled to around 10-15 K to aid in signal sensitivity and reducing the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance dewar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000371)

A tank inside the NMR spectrometer to support the cooling of some of the NMR probe electronics down to superconducting temperatures. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance outer dewar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000269)

synonyms: outer dewar

A dewar in the NMR spectrometer that surrounds the inner dewar and contains liquid nitrogen. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000084)

A device inserted into the base of an NMR spectrometer that both perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records its relaxation back to an equilibrium state. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance probe RF coil

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000736)

The small coiled electromagnet that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance probe inner RF coil

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000636)

One of two small coiled electromagnets that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. The inner coil is the first RF coil of two wound on top of each other, that is closest to the sample, that gives best sensitivity as it is closest to and most tightly coupled to the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance probe outer RF coil

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000033)

One of two small coiled electromagnets that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. The outer coil is the second RF coil of two wound on top of each other, the one furtherest away from the sample that is least tightly coupled to the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance shigemi tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000258)

synonyms: NMR shigemi tube

A Shigemi tube is a microscale NMR tube that uses susceptibility-matched glass to reduce the sample size within the RF coil region. Shigemi tubes may be appropriate for mass-limited sample. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance shigemi tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000258)

synonyms: NMR shigemi tube

A Shigemi tube is a microscale NMR tube that uses susceptibility-matched glass to reduce the sample size within the RF coil region. Shigemi tubes may be appropriate for mass-limited sample. [Amgen]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000644)

synonyms: NMR spectrometer

An NMR spectrometer is an instrument used to conduct NMR experiments consisting of a magnet, NMR console, and NMR probe. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002280)

synonyms: NMR spectrometer

A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer is a measurement device used to conduct NMR experiments consisting of a magnet housing a sample space surrounded by two coils which act to transmit radio frequency radiation to the sample and to detect the response of the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer inner dewar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000261)

synonyms: inner dewar

The inner dewar of the NMR spectrometer containing the liquid helium. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance spinner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000503)

synonyms: NMR spinner

A device that firmly holds the NMR tube in place to avoid the sample wobble and sample field inhomogeneity in the magnetic field. The spinner is spun by nitrogen or anhydrous aid at about 20Hz inside the NMR spectrometer. The spinner also serves as a loosly fitting piston head so that the sample can be slowly inserted into and slowly retrieved from inside the NMR spectrometer via gas flow/pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002281)

synonyms: NMR tube

A nuclear magnetic resonance tube is a tube that is used in an NMR experiment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000127)

synonyms: NMR tube

The sample-tube holds the NMR sample and sits in the NMR probe. It is usually a fused quartz tube of 1.7 to 20 mm diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nuclear magnetic resonance tuning rod

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000780)

A rod exposed on the NMR probe to manually tune a broad band probe to an X nucleus. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

nutrient metabolite analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000530)

synonyms: metabolite analyser, metabolite analyzer, metabolite module, nut met, nut met module, nutrient metabolite module, nutrient module

The metabolite analyzer is used for the analysis of metabolites. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

observation device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002242)

An observation device is a device that has the function to observe something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

octupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001963)

A combination of two quadrupoles used for controlling beams of charged particles. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

oil bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001125)

An oil bath, a type of heated bath, is a laboratory heating device which uses boiling oil as the temperature regulator. Since different oils have different boiling points it is possible to obtain a temperature near to the desired temperature by selecting an oil with a boiling point as close as possible to the desired temperature. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

oil bubbler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001407)

A gas bubbler filled with mineral or silicone oil. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

on-column injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001799)

Definition pending. [0]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

on-column injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001799)

A device which directly introduces the sample into the mobile-phase stream. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

on-column inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000787)

synonyms: on-column injector, cool on column

The sample is introduced directly into the column without prior heating in the inlet. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

on-column inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000787)

synonyms: on-column injector, cool on column

The sample is introduced directly into the column without prior heating in the inlet. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

open chromatographic bed

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000158)

A piece of apparatus that is planar and is or hosts the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]

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defined in:

open isolator system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001324)

synonyms: open isolator

Open isolator systems are designed to allow for the continuous or semi-continuous ingress and/or egress of materials during operations through one or more openings. Openings are engineered (e.g., using continuous overpressure) to exclude the entry of external contamination into the isolator. [FDA]

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defined in:

open restricted access barrier system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001327)

synonyms: open RABS

A Restricted Access Barrier System (RABS) that is open to the environment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

open split inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000885)

An open split inlet splits the gas flow to two different outlets with one being an open system at atmospheric pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

open split inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000885)

An open split inlet splits the gas flow to two different outlets with one being an open system at atmospheric pressure. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

open-tubular column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000691)

A chromatography column in which either the inner tube wall or a liquid or active solid held stationary on the tube wall acts as the stationary phase and there is an open, unrestricted path for the mobile phase. [CHMO]

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defined in:

operational amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000338)

A high gain DC voltage amplifier with high input impedance, low output impedance and the capability of producing a bipolar output from a bipolar input. [IUPAC Orange Book]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

operational amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000338)

A high gain DC voltage amplifier with high input impedance, low output impedance and the capability of producing a bipolar output from a bipolar input. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

operational pH cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000414)

An electrochemical cell which is used for practical pH measurements, consisting of a hydrogen ion-responsive electrode and a reference electrode immersed in the test solution. [CHMO]

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defined in:

optical device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001745)

An optical device is a device that creates, manipulates, or measures electromagnetic radiation. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

optical lens

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001694)

synonyms: lens, 2017-11-02 change pref label [OSTHUS], 2017-11-02 change pref label [Allotrope]

A lens is a transmissive optical device that affects the focus of a light beam through refraction. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

optical microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000129)

synonyms: light microscope

An optical microscope is a microscope that is consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. [CHMO]

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defined in:

optical microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000129)

synonyms: light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. [CHMO]

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defined in:

optical spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000466)

A piece of apparatus used to measure a spectrum by illumination with light. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

optical tweezers

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000334)

synonyms: optical trap, optical tweezer, single-beam gradient force optical trap

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a laser, an optical microscope, a condenser and a CCD camera, that is used to manipulate microscopic particles. [CHMO]

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defined in:

optical vapor pressure sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001672)

synonyms: optical vapor concentration detector, optical vapor concentration sensor, vapor sensor

An optical vapor pressure sensor is a device that allows for measurement of a solvents partial pressure from optically observing the solvent's dew point temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

orbital shaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001269)

synonyms: rotator

Orbital shakers shake the vessel in a circular fashion. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

orbital shaking incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001349)

An orbital shaking incubator combines the controlled temperature of an incubator with orbital shaking support. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

orbitrap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001048)

The trademarked term Orbitrap is used to describe a Kingdon trap used as a mass spectrometer. A Kingdon trap is an ion trapping device that consists of an outer barrel-like electrode and a coaxial inner spindle-like electrode that form an electrostatic field with a quadro-logarithmic potential distribution. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

orbitrap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001048)

The trademarked term Orbitrap is used to describe a Kingdon trap used as a mass spectrometer. A Kingdon trap is an ion trapping device that consists of an outer barrel-like electrode and a coaxial inner spindle-like electrode that form an electrostatic field with a quadro-logarithmic potential distribution. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

orbitrap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000514)

synonyms: Kingdon trap, orbitrap

Ion trapping device that consists of an outer barrel-like electrode and a coaxial inner spindle-like electrode that form an electrostatic field with a quadro-logarithmic potential distribution. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

orbitrap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000514)

synonyms: Kingdon trap, orbitrap

Ion trapping device that consists of an outer barrel-like electrode and a coaxial inner spindle-like electrode that form an electrostatic field with a quadro-logarithmic potential distribution. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

orthogonal-acceleration ion source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000213)

An ion source that works by sampling an ion beam travelling in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the flight path in the mass-to-charge analyser. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

orthogonal-acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000680)

synonyms: oa-TOF MS, oa-TOF-MS, oaTOF MS, oaTOF mass spectrometer, oaTOF-MS

A mass spectrometer which uses a time-of-flight mass-to-charge analyser to separate ions. Ions introduced into the mass analyzer are accelerated along the axis perpendicular to their initial direction of motion. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

osmolality analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000858)

synonyms: osmo analyser, osmo analyzer, osmo module, osmolality module, osmometer

The osmolality analyzer is used for determining the concentration of salts present per mass unit of solution. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

out port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002191)

synonyms: outlet

An out port is a port in a device where material is flowing out of the system boundary. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

outlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001173)

The outgoing port of a device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

oven

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000816)

synonyms: furnace, heater

An oven is a device for heating an enclosed space. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

overhead stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000139)

synonyms: stirring rod

An overhead stirrer is a stirrer that is made up of a stirring rod with a paddle, anchor or propellor end that is driven by an overhead motor on a stand. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

overhead stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000139)

synonyms: stirring rod

An overhead stirrer is a stirrer that is made up of a stirring rod with a paddle, anchor or propeller end that is driven by an overhead motor on a stand. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

overhead stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000139)

synonyms: stirring rod

An overhead stirrer is a laboratory device that employs a rotating propellor driven by air or motor immersed in a liquid to spin very quickly, thus stirring it. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pH electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000351)

synonyms: pH analyser, pH analyzer, pH sensor

The pH sensor is able to detect the amount of free hydrogen ions in a sample. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

pH meter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000459)

synonyms: pH measurement device

A pH meter is an electronic device used for measuring the pH which is either the concentration of Hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution or the activity of the Hydrogen ions in an aqueous solution. PH meters work in liquids though special probes are sometimes used to measure the pH of semi-solid substances. A typical pH meter consists of a special measuring probe (a glass electrode) connected to an electronic meter that measures and displays the pH reading. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

packaging component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001467)

A packaging component means any single part of a container closure system. [FDA]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

packed column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000692)

A chromatography column that contains a solid packing. [CHMO]

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defined in:

packed injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002201)

A packed injector is a GC injector device in which the entire sample aliquot is vaporized and directly introduced onto the column. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001623)

A pan is a flat container. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

particle beam interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001015)

System for coupling liquid chromatography to mass spectrometry in which the effluent is passed through a heated capillary to form an expanding jet of vapour and aerosol particles. After passing through a skimmer that acts as a momentum separator, the beam impinges on a heated surface to form ions through chemical ionization at the surface or ionization of the resulting vapour in a chemical ionization or electron ionization source. [IUPAC MS REC, Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2018/04/lc-ms

particle sizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001708)

synonyms: particle size measurement instrument

A particle sizer is a device that allows for measurement of particle sizes of samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

patch-clamp amplifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000233)

synonyms: patch clamp amplifier

A piece of apparatus that is used to increase the amplitude of either the voltage or the current output from a patch-clamp (ion-channel measurement) experiment. [CHMO]

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defined in:

pebble mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001441)

A rotating drum causes friction and attrition between rock pebbles and ore particles. May be used where product contamination by iron from steel balls must be avoided. Quartz or silica is commonly used because it is inexpensive to obtain. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

perchloric acid hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001245)

Perchloric acid hoods feature a waterwash system in the ductwork. Because perchloric acid fumes settle, and form explosive crystals, it is vital that the ductwork is cleaned internally with a series of sprays. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

perforated coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001769)

A perforated coating pan is a type of coating pan that has perforations in the surface. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

perforated coating pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001769)

A perforated coating pan is a type of coating pan that has perforations in the surface. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

peristaltic pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001168)

A peristaltic pump is a type of positive displacement pump used for pumping a variety of fluids. The fluid is contained within a flexible tube fitted inside a circular pump casing (though linear peristaltic pumps have been made). A rotor with a number of "rollers", "shoes", "wipers", or "lobes" attached to the external circumference of the rotor compresses the flexible tube. As the rotor turns, the part of the tube under compression is pinched closed (or "occludes") thus forcing the fluid to be pumped to move through the tube. Additionally, as the tube opens to its natural state after the passing of the cam ("restitution" or "resilience") fluid flow is induced to the pump. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

personal protective equipment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001192)

synonyms: PPE

Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

personal protective equipment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001192)

synonyms: PPE

Personal protective equipment refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

photodiode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001861)

A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into current. The current is generated when photons are absorbed in the photodiode. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

photometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001515)

A photometer, generally, is an instrument that measures light intensity or optical properties of solutions or surfaces. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

photomultiplier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000756)

synonyms: PMT

Photomultiplier tubes (photomultipliers or PMTs for short), members of the class of vacuum tubes, and more specifically vacuum phototubes, are extremely sensitive detectors of light in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

piezo-driven micromanipulator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000576)

synonyms: piezo micromanipulator

A piece of apparatus which is used to physically interact with a sample under a microscope, and is driven by the application of an alternating current to a piezoelectric material. [CHMO]

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defined in:

pinhole type reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000870)

A pinhole type reference electrode has a small hole as connection to the surrounding solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pipette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001639)

Pipettes are tools to handle volumes of liquids. They use changes in air pressure to load and unload liquid. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pipettor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001217)

A liquid dispenser that dispenses a fixed volume of liquid with a pipette. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

piston

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001850)

A piston is a component of reciprocating engines, reciprocating pumps, gas compressors and pneumatic cylinders, among other similar mechanisms. It is the moving component that is contained by a cylinder and is made gas-tight by piston rings. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

piston pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001177)

A piston pump is a type of positive displacement pump where the high-pressure seal reciprocates with the piston. Piston pumps can be used to move liquids or compress gases. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

placement device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002209)

A placement device is a device that is used to hold or place a material in a defined location. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

plastic bag

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001727)

A plastic bag, polybag, or pouch is a type of container made of thin, flexible, plastic film, nonwoven fabric, or plastic textile. Plastic bags are used for containing and transporting goods such as foods, produce, powders, ice, magazines, chemicals, and waste. It is a common form of packaging. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

plate heater

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002267)

A plate heater is a heating device that heats by means of a plate shaped heating element. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001506)

synonyms: microplate reader, microplate photometer

Plate readers are instruments which are used to detect biological, chemical or physical events of samples in microtiter plates. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

platinum lid

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001698)

A platinum lid is a lid that is made of platinum. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

platinum pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001625)

A platinum pan is a pan made of platinum. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

plumbing equipment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000014)

synonyms: piping equipment, tubing equipment, piping components, plumbing components, tubing components

Plumbing is the system of pipes, tubing, drains, fittings, valves, and fixtures installed for the distribution of a liquid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

plumbing equipment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000014)

synonyms: piping equipment, tubing equipment, piping components, plumbing components, tubing components

Plumbing equipment are devices used as components of a plumbing system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

plumbing system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002153)

synonyms: tubing, piping, plumbing

Plumbing is the system of pipes, tubing, drains, fittings, valves, and fixtures installed for the distribution of a liquid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

plunger pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001178)

A plunger pump is a type of positive displacement pump where the high-pressure seal is stationary and a smooth cylindrical plunger slides through the seal. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

plunger type code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000678)

Code for plunger type. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

plunger type code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000678)

Code for plunger type. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

plunger-in-barrel deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000668)

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

plunger-in-barrel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000668)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

plunger-in-needle deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000867)

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

plunger-in-needle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000867)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

point detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000007)

synonyms: point collector

Detector in which the ion beam is focused onto a small area, for example, defined by a collector slit, rather than dispersed by m/z spatially across a focal plane. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

point detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000007)

synonyms: point collector

Detector in which the ion beam is focused onto a small area, for example, defined by a collector slit, rather than dispersed by m/z spatially across a focal plane. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

polarizing microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000395)

synonyms: polarised light microscope, polarised-light microscope, polarising light microscope, polarized light microscope, polarized-light microscope, polarizing light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, orthogonal polarizing filters and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. [CHMO]

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defined in:

polymeric beads column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002176)

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

polymeric beads column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002176)

Definition pending. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

porous-layer open-tubular column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000112)

synonyms: PLOT column

An open-tubular column in which a porous layer, achieved by either etching a non-porous layer or by deposition of porous particles from a suspension, coats the inner wall and may serve as a support for a liquid stationary phase or as the stationary phase itself. [CHMO]

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defined in:

port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000847)

Connection point of a system through which flows material, energy or information. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

position deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001866)

The position is the location of a physical entity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2018/07/aft

position

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001866)

The position is the location of a physical entity. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/REC/2018/04/aft

positive displacement pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001169)

A positive displacement pump makes a fluid move by trapping a fixed amount and forcing (displacing) that trapped volume into the discharge pipe. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

positive pressure deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001403)

Positive pressure is a pressure within a system that is greater than the environment that surrounds that system. Consequently if there is any leak from the positively pressured system it will egress into the surrounding environment. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

positive pressure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001403)

Positive pressure is a pressure within a system that is greater than the environment that surrounds that system. Consequently if there is any leak from the positively pressured system it will egress into the surrounding environment. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

positive pressure personnel suit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001329)

synonyms: PPPS, positive pressure protective suit

Positive pressure personnel suits are highly specialized, totally encapsulating, industrial protection garments worn only within special biocontainment or maximum containment (BSL-4) laboratory facilities. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

post-acceleration detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000087)

synonyms: PAD, postacceleration detector

Detector in which a high potential is applied after m/z separation to accelerate the ions and produce an improved signal. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

post-acceleration detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000087)

synonyms: PAD, postacceleration detector

Detector in which a high potential is applied after m/z separation to accelerate the ions and produce an improved signal. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

pot still

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001361)

A pot still is a type of still used in distilling spirits such as whisky or brandy. Heat is applied directly to the pot containing the wash (for whisky) or wine (for brandy). This is called a batch distillation (as opposed to a continuous distillation). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

potassium ion sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000807)

synonyms: potassium sensor

A potassium ion sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a potassium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

potentiostat

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000609)

A piece of apparatus that maintains the potential through an electrochemical cell at a preset value. [CHMO]

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defined in:

powder dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001517)

A dispenser for material in powder form. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

power connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000068)

A connector for attachment to the power line. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

power supply

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000314)

A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

preparative centrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001160)

A centrifuge that is used for preparative centrifugation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

preparative column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000657)

A chromatography column used to purify sufficient quantities of a substance for further use, rather than analysis. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

preparative ultracentrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001159)

Preparative ultracentrifuges are available with a wide variety of rotors suitable for a great range of experiments. Most rotors are designed to hold tubes that contain the samples. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

pressure control valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001703)

synonyms: pressure regulator

A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. Valves are technically fittings, but are usually discussed as a separate category. In an open valve, fluid flows in a direction from higher pressure to lower pressure. The word is derived from the Latin valva, the moving part of a door, in turn from volvere, to turn, roll. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

pressure difference code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001330)

Code used to distinguish positive and negative pressure systems. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

pressure difference code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001330)

Code used to distinguish positive and negative pressure systems. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pressure regulator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001703)

synonyms: pressure regulator

A pressure regulator is a controller that regulates a set pressure in a system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pressure sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000327)

A sensor that measures the pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pressure vacuum breaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001357)

synonyms: PVB

A pressure vacuum breaker is a type of backflow prevention device, used to keep non-potable (or contaminated) water from entering the water supply. A PVB is similar to an atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB), except that the PVB contains a spring-loaded poppet. This makes it acceptable for applications that are high hazard or where valves are downstream. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

pressure vessel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001482)

A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

primary container closure system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001461)

synonyms: primary container

A primary container closure system is a packaging component (for example, a vial or pre-filled syringe) that is in, or may come into, direct contact with the final product dosage form, or components that contribute to the container/closure integrity of the primary packaging material for a sterile product. [WHO TRS 993]

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defined in:

primary packaging component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001470)

A primary packaging component means a packaging component that is or may be in direct contact with the dosage form. [FDA]

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defined in:

printer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000590)

synonyms: printer device, printing device

In computing, a printer is a peripheral which makes a persistent human readable representation of graphics or text on paper or similar physical media. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002248)

A probe is a device designed to reach into a location for remote manipulating or sensing. [NCI]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

process raman spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001688)

synonyms: process raman, raman probe

A process Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that allows for monitoring and analysis of processes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

profilometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000077)

synonyms: stylus profilometer, surface profilometer

A piece of apparatus that measures surface profiles by dragging a (diamond) stylus across the sample surface. A feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the stylus and surface during scanning. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

prolate trochoidal mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000727)

A mass spectrometer in which the ions of different m/z are separated by means of crossed electric and magnetic fields in such a way that the selected ions follow a prolate trochoidal path. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

prolate trochoidal mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000727)

A mass spectrometer in which the ions of different m/z are separated by means of crossed electric and magnetic fields in such a way that the selected ions follow a prolate trochoidal path. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

protective suit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001197)

Protective suit is an umbrella term for any suit or clothing which protects the wearer. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

protein sequencer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001504)

A protein sequencer is a machine that is used to determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein. They work by tagging and removing one amino acid at a time, which is analysed and identified. This is done repetitively for the whole polypeptide, until the whole sequence is established. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

pseudo-reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000820)

synonyms: pseudo-reference electrodes, pseudoreference electrode

An electrode through which no appreciable current is allowed to flow and is used to observe or control the potential at a working electrode. A pseudo-reference electrode, such as a Ag wire, fulfils the role of a reference electrode but the electrochemical processes allowing it to do so are not well understood, in contrast to a true reference electrode. [CHMO]

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defined in:

pulse counter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000610)

A pulse counter is a device that counts electric pulses. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pulse generator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001652)

synonyms: radiofrequency transmitter, transmitter, waveform generator

A pulse generator is a device that generates electromagnetic pulses with a certain waveform. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000499)

A transfer function where the transfer requires work to move the entity, often against a gradient. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/REC/2018/04/aft

pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000499)

A pump is a device that is used to pump. [CHMO]

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defined in:

pump system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002187)

synonyms: pumping system

A system that has one or many pumps as components as well as a plumbing system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pump system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002177)

A system intended for pumping. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pump system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002177)

A system intended for pumping.

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defined in:

purge and trap system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000835)

synonyms: P/T system

An inlet whereby the volatiles are first purged from the sample via. a carrier gas, trapped in the inlet headspace, condensed and adsorbed at lower temperatures prior to being introduced onto the GC column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

purge and trap system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000835)

synonyms: P/T system

An inlet whereby the volatiles are first purged from the sample via. a carrier gas, trapped in the inlet headspace, condensed and adsorbed at lower temperatures prior to being introduced onto the GC column. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

purification device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001278)

synonyms: purification equipment

A purification device is a device that is used for purification of material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

purification device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001278)

synonyms: purification equipment

A purification device is a device that is used for the purification of material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pyrolysis field ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000226)

synonyms: Py-FIMS, PyFIMS, py-FIMS, pyFIMS, pyrolysis-field ionisation mass spectrometer, pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses pyrolysis field ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

qPCR reaction block

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002243)

synonyms: block, qPCR reaction block, qPCR block, reaction block, PCR block

A qPCR reaction block is a container for samples used in qPCR instruments. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quadratic field reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001026)

Reflectron in which the electric field varies with the square of the distance from the entrance and compensates for kinetic energy spread to all orders. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

quadratic field reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001026)

Reflectron in which the electric field varies with the square of the distance from the entrance and compensates for kinetic energy spread to all orders. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

quadruple nuclear magnetic resonance probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000880)

Tunable NMR spectrometer probe that may be tuned to pulse up to four nuclei in a single NMR experiment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001045)

synonyms: quadripole

A quadrupole is a mass-to-charge analyzer that holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001045)

synonyms: quadripole

The quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quadrupole

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001045)

synonyms: quadripole

The quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [Bayer]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/WD/2019/06/mass-spectrometry

quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000527)

synonyms: QMS, quad-MS

A piece of apparatus that consists of an ion source, a mass-to-charge analyzer, a detector and a vacuum system and is used to measure mass spectra. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyzer, which holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000527)

synonyms: QMS, quad-MS

A piece of apparatus that consists of an ion source, a mass-to-charge analyser, a detector and a vacuum system and is used to measure mass spectra. The detector is a quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser, which holds the ions in a stable orbit by an electric field generated by four parallel electrodes.

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

quadrupole time-of-flight

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001022)

synonyms: QTOF

Hybrid mass spectrometer consisting of a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer coupled to an orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer. A collision quadrupole is typically inserted between the two mass spectrometers. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

quadrupole time-of-flight

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001022)

synonyms: QTOF

Hybrid mass spectrometer consisting of a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer coupled to an orthogonal acceleration time-of-flight mass spectrometer. A collision quadrupole is typically inserted between the two mass spectrometers. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

quadrupole trap mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000055)

A mass spectrometer that has a quadrupole ion trap. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quartz crystal microbalance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000310)

synonyms: QCM

A piece of apparatus used to measure the mass per unit area (1 \mug per cm2) by measuring the change in frequency of a quartz crystal resonator (a quartz crystal sandwiched between a pair of electrodes) as a function of mass change. [CHMO]

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defined in:

quasi-reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000044)

synonyms: QRE, quasireference electrode

An electrode based on a ferrocene or cobaltocene redox couple internal standard through which no appreciable current is allowed to flow and is used to observe or control the potential at a working electrode. [CHMO]

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defined in:

quaternary pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000694)

A quarternary pump is a pump that can mix four different channels. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

quinhydrone electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000869)

The quinhydrone electrode is a type of redox electrode which can be used to measure the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of a solution in a chemical experiment. It provides an alternative to the commonly used glass electrode in a pH meter. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

rack

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001188)

A rack is a container that is at least one shelf, that can be stacked on top of another. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

radial ejection linear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000267)

A linear ion trap mass spectrometer where ions are ejected along the radius of the analyzer. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

radial electrostatic field analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001020)

Arrangement of two conducting sheets forming a capacitor and giving a radial electrostatic field which is used to deflect and focus ion beams. The degree of deflection varies with the ratio of translational energy to charge. The capacitor may be cylindrical, spherical, or toroidal. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

radial electrostatic field analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001020)

Arrangement of two conducting sheets forming a capacitor and giving a radial electrostatic field which is used to deflect and focus ion beams. The degree of deflection varies with the ratio of translational energy to charge. The capacitor may be cylindrical, spherical, or toroidal. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

radiation counter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001666)

A radiation detector using a medium in which a burst of luminescence radiation, produced along the path of an ionizing particle, is quantified. [IUPAC Gold Book]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

radiation counter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001666)

A radiation detector using a medium in which a burst of luminescence radiation, produced along the path of an ionizing particle, is quantified. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

radiation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002250)

A radiation source is a device that produces radiation used in a process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

radio frequency channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001659)

synonyms: RF channel

A radio frequency channel is a channel for signals in the range of radio frequencies. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

radio frequency synthesizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001660)

synonyms: RF synthesizer

A radio frequency synthesizer creates electromagnetic radiation in the range of radio frequencies. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

radioisotope hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001243)

The radioisotope fume hood is made with a coved stainless steel liner and coved integral stainless steel countertop that is reinforced to handle the weight of lead bricks or blocks. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

raman probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001689)

A Raman probe is a sampling probe that allows for investigation of samples by Raman spectroscopy. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

reactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000153)

A reactor is a container for controlling a biological or chemical reaction or process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

reactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000153)

A device for containing and controlling a biological or chemical reaction or process. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

reactor jacket

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002224)

A reactor jacket is a jacket that controls the temperature of a reactor. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002203)

A readout is a display on a measuring system that displays the measuring value. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

receiver

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001839)

An end point of a communication channel where the information is transmitted to. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

receiving slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001675)

A receiving slit is a slit that is used for controlling the width of the X-ray beam entering the X-ray detector. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

reciprocating shaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001339)

A shaker that uses a reciprocating motion- a a repetitive up-and-down or back-and-forth linear motion. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

rectilinear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001021)

Quadrupole ion trap whose electrodes form a rectilinear polygon, the simplest form of which consists of two pairs of rectangular electrodes suppli d with radio frequency (RF) potentials and a pair of electrodes to which a DC potential is applied. Slits or apertures in the electrodes allow injection and ejection of charged particles. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

rectilinear ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001021)

Quadrupole ion trap whose electrodes form a rectilinear polygon, the simplest form of which consists of two pairs of rectangular electrodes suppli d with radio frequency (RF) potentials and a pair of electrodes to which a DC potential is applied. Slits or apertures in the electrodes allow injection and ejection of charged particles. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

reduced air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001233)

synonyms: RAV ducted hood

Reduced air volume hoods incorporate a bypass block to partially close off the bypass, reducing the air volume and thus conserving energy. Usually, the block is combined with a sash stop to limit the height of the sash opening, ensuring a safe face velocity during normal operation while lowering the hood’s air volume. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000028)

synonyms: reference sensor

A reference electrode provides a fixed potential, which is independent of analyte activity, and is used to compare the measured potential. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

reference pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001626)

A reference pan is a pan that is empty and taken as a standard. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000581)

synonyms: ion mirror

Component of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer that uses a static electric field to reverse the direction of travel of the ions and improves mass resolution by assuring that ions of the same m/z but different translational energy arrive at the detector at the same time. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

reflectron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000581)

synonyms: ion mirror

Component of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer that uses a static electric field to reverse the direction of travel of the ions and improves mass resolution by assuring that ions of the same m/z but different translational energy arrive at the detector at the same time. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

reflux still

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001362)

A reflux still uses reflux as destillation technique that is involving the condensation of vapors and the return of this condensate to the system from which it originated. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

refractive index detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000363)

synonyms: RI detector, refractive-index detector

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a hollow prism and a photoelectric cell that is used to detect non-ultraviolet-absorbing molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. Light from the sample passes through a flow cell with two channels towards the photoelectric cell. One channel holds the eluent from the column, whereas the other holds a control sample (solvent that has not passed through the column). Detection occurs when the light is bent due to molecules eluting from the column, and this is read as a disparity between the two channels. [CHMO]

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defined in:

refrigerated bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001182)

A refrigerated bath is used in the laboratory to allow a chemical reaction to occur at a cooler temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

refrigerated incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001211)

An incubator that maintains temperatures between 5 °C and above ambient temperature to 65 °C. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

refrigerator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001186)

synonyms: fridge

A refrigerator (colloquially fridge) is a common appliance that consists of a thermally insulated compartment and a heat pump (mechanical, electronic or chemical) that transfers heat from the inside of the fridge to its external environment so that the inside of the fridge is cooled to a temperature below the ambient temperature of the room. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

repetition setting

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFR_0001678)

A repetition setting is a control setting that specifies the number of times an action is to be repeated. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

repetition setting deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFR_0001678)

A repetition setting is a control setting that specifies the number of times an action is to be repeated. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/12/afo

reservoir

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000378)

The reservoir is a container that stores solutions. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

residual gas analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001030)

Mass spectrometer used to measure the composition and pressure of gases in an evacuated chamber and to test for leaks in pressurized systems. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

residual gas analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001030)

Mass spectrometer used to measure the composition and pressure of gases in an evacuated chamber and to test for leaks in pressurized systems. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

respirator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001193)

Respirators serve to protect the user from breathing in contaminants in the air, thus preserving the health of one's respiratory tract. There are two main types of respirators. One type of respirator functions by filtering out chemicals and gases or airborne particles from the air breathed by the user. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

restricted access barrier system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001326)

synonyms: RABS

A Restricted Access Barrier System (RABS) is an installation which is used in many industries, such as pharmaceutical, medical, chemical, electrical engineering where clean air is needed. The RABS provides a physical barrier between workers and production areas. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

retort

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001412)

A retort is a glassware device used for distillation or dry distillation of substances. It consists of a spherical vessel with a long downward-pointing neck. The liquid to be distilled is placed in the vessel and heated. The neck acts as a condenser, allowing the vapors to condense and flow along the neck to a collection vessel placed underneath. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

reverse geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000972)

Double-focusing mass spectrometer configuration in which the ion beam traverses the magnetic sector prior to the electric sector. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

reverse geometry

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000972)

Double-focusing mass spectrometer configuration in which the ion beam traverses the magnetic sector prior to the electric sector. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

reverse osmosis unit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001280)

A water purification unit that uses reverse osmosis. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

rocker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001270)

synonyms: rocking shaker

A rocker is a shaker that tlts its platform up and down. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

rod mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001438)

A rotating drum which causes friction and attrition between steel rods. Note that the term 'rod mill' is also used as a synonym for a slitting mill, which makes rods of iron or other metal. Rod mills are less common than ball mills for grinding minerals. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

roller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001733)

A roller is a device for the compression of material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

roller compactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001707)

synonyms: roller press

A roller compactor is a compaction device that uses rollers for the compaction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

roller rack

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001354)

A roller rack is a rack with rotating spindles used for cell cultures that are attached to the inside walls of a roller bottle. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

room

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001319)

A room is any distinguishable space within a structure. Usually, a room is separated from other spaces or passageways by interior walls and windows moreover, it is separated from outdoor areas by an exterior wall, sometimes with a door. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

rotary evaporator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000440)

synonyms: Rotavapor, rotavap

A piece of apparatus consisting of a motor unit that rotates the evaporation flask, a vacuum system, a heated water bath and a condenser, which is used to remove solvents from samples under reduced pressure. [CHMO]

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defined in:

rotating-disk electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000083)

synonyms: RDE, rotating disk electrode

A type of working electrode which usually consists of a Pt disc (diameter 1.0 mm) sealed in a Teflon carrier which rotates a high speed during the experiment. Rotating-disk electrodes are used to investigate reaction mechanisms. [CHMO]

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defined in:

rotator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001272)

Rotators shake the vessels by rotating them in a horizontal or vertical plane. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001646)

synonyms: ssNMR tube

A rotor is a type of NMR tube usually made of Zirconia that allows for solid state NMR measurements. It can rotate at high frequencies. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

rotor cap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001649)

A rotor cap is a type of cap to seal ssNMR tubes. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

round-bottom flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001485)

synonyms: R B flask, round bottom, round-bottomed flask

A round-bottom flask is a flask with a spherical body and one or more necks with ground glass joints. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

rubber bung

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001495)

synonyms: rubber stopper

A stopper made of hardened rubber. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

saddle field gun

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001024)

Compact ion and fast atom sources for use when small size and high beam intensity are required, as in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The discharge is produced by electrons oscillating between two cold cathodes in an electric field that possesses a single saddle point. To produce and intensify the plasma the electrons must have long path lengths, achieved by allowing the electrons to have an oscillatory motion in the saddle-shaped electric field between the cathodes separated by the anode. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

saddle field gun

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001024)

Compact ion and fast atom sources for use when small size and high beam intensity are required, as in fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The discharge is produced by electrons oscillating between two cold cathodes in an electric field that possesses a single saddle point. To produce and intensify the plasma the electrons must have long path lengths, achieved by allowing the electrons to have an oscillatory motion in the saddle-shaped electric field between the cathodes separated by the anode. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

safety glasses

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001198)

Safety glasses are worn to protect the eyes during a variety of tasks. They are made with shatter-resistant plastic lenses to protect the eye from flying debris and can shield the eyes from hazardous splatters such as blood or chemicals. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

sample compartment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001757)

A sample compartment is a compartment on the instrument that allows for the introduction of samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample heat cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001621)

The sample heat cell is a temperature controlled measurement chamber that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001742)

A sample holder is an object on which the sample is placed. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000462)

A sample inlet is an in port of a measurement or separation device where sample material is passing in to the device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000462)

Introduction of sample onto the apparatus, chromatograph or mass spectrometer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample measurement interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002253)

A sample measurement interface is a connecting device through which measurements are captured. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample outlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000021)

The outlet is the compartment of a device that handles the exit of the sample. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

sample pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001631)

A sample pan is a pan that contains the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample passage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000022)

A sample passage is the compartment of a device that handles the conveying of samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000221)

Plate where the sample solution is spotted in a MALDI or similar instrument. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

sample plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000221)

A sample plate is a well plate made of metal used for MALDI experiments. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample port

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001967)

A sample port is a port connected to the sample handling system or inlet. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample position code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001596)

The sample position code encodes the location of the measured sample with respect to the beam path of a device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

sample position code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001596)

The sample position code encodes the location of the measured sample with respect to the beam path of a device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001668)

synonyms: sample stage

A sample stage is a device that contains samples for measurements. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sample tray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001878)

synonyms: specimen tray

A tray that is used to hold samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001711)

synonyms: sampling unit

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/REC/2018/04/aft

sampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001711)

synonyms: sampling unit

A device for delivering known amounts of material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001711)

synonyms: sampling unit

A sample is a device that function to sample known amounts of material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sampling cone

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001004)

Component of a spray ionization interface that consists of a cone with a small orifice through which the spray passes into a differentially pumped chamber. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

sampling cone

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001004)

Component of a spray ionization interface that consists of a cone with a small orifice through which the spray passes into a differentially pumped chamber. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

sampling probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000826)

synonyms: sample probe

A sampling probe is a probe that is used for measurements. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sand bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001130)

A sand bath is a common piece of laboratory equipment made from a container filled with heated sand. It is used to provide even heating for another container, most often during a chemical reaction. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

saturated calomel electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000724)

synonyms: SCE

A reference electrode where the electrochemical reaction is between mercury metal and mercury(I) chloride. [CHMO]

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defined in:

saturated mercury sulfate electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000361)

synonyms: Hg/Hg2SO4 electrode, Hg/Hg2SO4 reference electrode, MSE, mercury-mercurous sulfate reference electrode

A reference electrode where the electrochemical reaction is between mercury metal and mercury(II) sulfate. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scale

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000542)

synonyms: scale instrument

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

scale

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000542)

synonyms: scale instrument

A scale is a weighing instrument, intended predominantly for medium to high capacity weighments, with moderate to low resolutions, used indoors or outdoors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

scanning electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000767)

synonyms: SEM

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of a specimen by scanning a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV across the specimen under vacuum and measuring the interaction of the electrons with the specimen. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scanning mobility particle sizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000611)

synonyms: SMPS

A piece of apparatus that measures the size distribution of particles in an aerosol by neutralising the particles, passing them through a differential mobility analyser in order to control the size of the particles and then counting the particles of that size with a condensation particle counter. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scanning probe microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000328)

synonyms: SPM

A scanning probe microscope is a microscope which uses a probe to scan the surface of the specimen, mechanically moving the probe in a raster scan of the specimen, line by line, and recording the probe-surface interaction as a function of position, producing an image of the surface. A feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the probe and surface during scanning. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scanning probe microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000328)

synonyms: SPM

A microscope which uses a probe to scan the surface of the specimen, mechanically moving the probe in a raster scan of the specimen, line by line, and recording the probe-surface interaction as a function of position, producing an image of the surface. A feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the probe and surface during scanning. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scanning transmission electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000845)

synonyms: STEM

A transmission electron microscope where the electron beam is scanned across an electron-transparent specimen under vacuum and the intensities of the transmitted electrons are measured. [CHMO]

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defined in:

scintillation detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001667)

synonyms: scintillation counter, spot counter

A scintillation detector is a scintillator that is coupled to a photomultiplier tube. Incident X-ray photons are converted in the scintillator into bursts of visible light photons, some of which fall on the photocathode and can be measured. For incident photons having energies higher than the absorption edge of the elements contained in the scintillator, an escape peak can be observed. [IUPAC Gold Book]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

scintillation detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001667)

synonyms: scintillation counter, spot counter

A scintillation detector is a scintillator that is coupled to a photomultiplier tube. Incident X-ray photons are converted in the scintillator into bursts of visible light photons, some of which fall on the photocathode and can be measured. For incident photons having energies higher than the absorption edge of the elements contained in the scintillator, an escape peak can be observed. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

scraper assembly

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001737)

The scrapers are positioned using fine gauges to ensure that compacted powder blend is scraped from the rollers to minimize accumulation of product. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

screw

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001786)

A screw, or bolt, is a type of fastener, typically made of metal, and characterized by a helical ridge, known as a male thread (external thread) or just thread, wrapped around a cylinder. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

screw top

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001474)

synonyms: screw cap, screw closure

A screw closure is a mechanical device which is screwed on and off of a threaded "finish" on a container. Either continuous threads (C-T) or lugs are used. Metal caps can be either preformed or in some instances, rolled on after application. Plastic caps may use several types of molded polymer. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

scrubber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001258)

Scrubber systems are a diverse group of air pollution control devices that can be used to remove some particulates and/or gases from industrial exhaust streams. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

scrubber fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001242)

synonyms: scrubber

The scrubber fume hood absorbs the fumes through a chamber filled with plastic shapes, which are doused with water. The chemicals are washed into a sump, which is often filled with a neutralizing liquid. The fumes are then dispersed, or disposed of, in the conventional manner. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

secondary container closure system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001463)

synonyms: secondary container, secondary package

A secondary container closure system is a packaging component (for example, a carton or tray) that is not, and will not be, in direct contact with the dosage form. [WHO TRS 993]

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defined in:

secondary ionization mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000598)

synonyms: secondary ionisation mass spectrometer

mass spectrometer that uses secondary ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

secondary ionization source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000722)

The secondary ionization source is a source of ions for the secondary ion mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

secondary packaging component

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001464)

synonyms: secondary packaging

A secondary packaging component means a packaging component that is not and will not be in direct contact with the dosage form. [FDA]

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defined in:

sector geometry code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000977)

Code indicating the double-focusing mass spectrometer geometry configuration.

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defined in:

sector geometry code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000977)

Code indicating the double-focusing mass spectrometer geometry configuration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sector mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000849)

synonyms: sector field mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer consisting of one or more magnetic sectors for recording a mass spectrum of a monoenergetic beam of ions. Such instruments may also have one or more electric sectors for energy dispersion that can be arranged for velocity-focusing by compensating for dispersion by the magnetic sector if the beam is not truly monoenergetic. Such a combination provides double focusing of ions of the same m/z, i.e., focusing with respect to both direction and speed. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

sector mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000849)

synonyms: sector field mass spectrometer

Mass spectrometer consisting of one or more magnetic sectors for recording a mass spectrum of a monoenergetic beam of ions. Such instruments may also have one or more electric sectors for energy dispersion that can be arranged for velocity-focusing by compensating for dispersion by the magnetic sector if the beam is not truly monoenergetic. Such a combination provides double focusing of ions of the same m/z, i.e., focusing with respect to both direction and speed. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

selected ion flow tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000027)

synonyms: SIFT

Device in which m/z selected ions are entrained in an inert carrier gas and subsequently undergo ion/molecule reactions with molecules introduced into the gas flow. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

selected ion flow tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000027)

synonyms: SIFT

Device in which m/z selected ions are entrained in an inert carrier gas and subsequently undergo ion/molecule reactions with molecules introduced into the gas flow. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

semi micro balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000292)

synonyms: semi microanalytical balance

Analytical balance with a typical weighing capacity of between 50 g and 200 g and a readability of 0.01 mg. weighing instrument of special accuracy. [DOWT]

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defined in:

semi-autogenous grinding mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001440)

synonyms: SAG mill

SAG mills are essentially autogenous mills, but utilize grinding balls to aid in grinding like in a ball mill. A SAG mill is generally used as a primary or first stage grinding solution. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

sender

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001838)

The starting point of a communcation channel where the information comes from. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002184)

A sensor is a component of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a quantity to be measured. [Allotrope,VIM]

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defined in:

sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002184)

A sensor is a component of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a quantity to be measured. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sensor chip (surface plasmon resonance)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002285)

A sensor chip is a device consisting of a substrate coated in an inert material and an immobilization matrix on which molecular interactions are captured in surface plasmon resonance experiments. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/domain/REC/2024/12/binding-affinity

sensor tray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001640)

A sensor tray is a type of tray that holds sensors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

separation column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002165)

A separation column is a separation device of columnar shape where the separation occurs inside the column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

separation device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002157)

synonyms: separating device

A device that has the function to separate materials. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

separatory funnel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001448)

synonyms: sep funnel, separating funnel, separation funnel

A separatory funnel, also known as separation funnel, separating funnel, or colloquially sep funnel, is a piece of laboratory glassware used in liquid-liquid extractions to separate (partition) the components of a mixture into two immiscible solvent phases of different densities. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

septum

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000622)

A septum is a type of barrier or sealing that seals the entrance to a separated space. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

shaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001264)

A shaker is a device used in chemistry and biology laboratories to stir liquids. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

shaking bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001122)

synonyms: shaker bath

This type of baths has extra control for shaking, which moves liquids around. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

shaking water bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001133)

A combination of a shaker with a water bath. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

shaping device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002228)

A shaping device is a conversion device that alters the shape of some material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sharps container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001252)

A sharps container is a device which is used to discard hazardous materials which may puncture the skin such as needles. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sheath flow interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000998)

Capillary electrophoresis to electrospray ionization interface that uses a coaxial flow of make-up liquid that is introduced through a tube that is concentric with the separation capillary. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

sheath flow interface

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000998)

Capillary electrophoresis to electrospray ionization interface that uses a coaxial flow of make-up liquid that is introduced through a tube that is concentric with the separation capillary. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

shelf container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000662)

synonyms: tray container

A shelf container is a type of container that can be stored on a shelf. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

shim

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001656)

synonyms: shim system

A shim is a device that allows for adjustment of the homogeneity of a magnetic field. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sieve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001500)

synonyms: sifter

A sieve is a device for separating wanted elements from unwanted material or for characterizing the particle size distribution of a sample, typically using a woven screen such as a mesh or net. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

signal (communication) deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001830)

synonyms: signal

A signal is information transported over an communication channel. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/perspective/OLD/2018/07/system

signal (communication)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001830)

synonyms: signal

A signal is information transported over an communication channel. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/perspective/REC/2018/04/system

silica column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002166)

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defined in:

silver silverchloride cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000603)

A silver silverchloride cell is based on the reaction between silver metal (Ag) and its salt (AgCl, also called silver(I) chloride). [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

silver/silver chloride reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000080)

synonyms: Ag-AgCl electrode, Ag-AgCl reference electrode, Ag/AgCl, Ag/AgCl electrode, Ag/AgCl reference electrode, silver chloride electrode , silver-silver chloride electrode

A reference electrode where the electrochemical reaction is between silver metal and silver(I) chloride. [CHMO]

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defined in:

simplex deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001824)

Simplex communication is a communication channel that sends information in one direction only. [Wikipedia]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

simplex

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001824)

Simplex communication is a communication channel that sends information in one direction only. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

single junction reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000516)

A single junction reference electrode has one junction to the surrounding solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

single quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000776)

synonyms: SQD, single quadrupole

A single quadrupole mass spectrometer is a type of quadrupole mass spectrometer that uses one single quadrupole field. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

single-use bioreactor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001200)

A bioreactor intended for single-use. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

single-use equipment

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001201)

Equipment that is disposed after a single use. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

size exclusion column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002167)

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defined in:

skimmer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000114)

A skimmer is a cone with a central orifice that intercepts the center of a spray or jet expansion to sample the central portion of the expansion, for example, as in a momentum separator. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

skimmer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000114)

Cone with a central orifice that intercepts the center of a spray or jet expansion to sample the central portion of the expansion, for example, as in a momentum separator. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

skimmer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000114)

Cone with a central orifice that intercepts the center of a spray or jet expansion to sample the central portion of the expansion, for example, as in a momentum separator. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

skin protection

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001194)

Skin protection is protective gear for the skin. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sleeve type reference electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000485)

A sleeve type reference electrode has a movable sleeve that covers the junction. The size of the junction can be regulated by moving the sleeve. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sliding weight balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000423)

synonyms: sliding weight balance, triple-beam balance

A lever balance in which load compensation is effected by a rider system. The riders are set by hand or by means of a setting device. The equilibrium position is found by moving the rider. The Roman beam scale is an example of a simple sliding weight balance with hanging pan. [DOWT]

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defined in:

slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000986)

A long narrow cut or opening. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

smooth roller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001734)

Rollers with a smooth product contact surface which can incur slip as material is passed through the compression (nip) zone of compaction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sodium ion sensor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000031)

synonyms: sodium sensor

A sodium ion sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a sodium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solid dispenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002146)

A dispenser for material in solid form. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solid sample holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001749)

A solid sample holder is a holder for solid samples such as filters, glass or powders. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001643)

synonyms: solid state NMR spectrometer, ssNMR spectrometer

A solid state NMR spectrometer is a type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that allows for measurement of solid samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solid-state laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000012)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

solid-state laser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000012)

A solid-state laser is a laser that uses a gain medium that is a solid, rather than a liquid such as in dye lasers or a gas as in gas lasers. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

soller slit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001673)

A soller slit consists of a large numbers of planes in the plane of diffraction and limits the spread of the incident and diffracted X-ray beam out of the plane of diffraction. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solvent channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000828)

synonyms: channel, line

A solvent channel is a channel where a liquid can flow through. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

solvent selection valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000356)

synonyms: SSV

Switch valves can be used to select solvents. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sonicator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001713)

synonyms: ultrasonicator

A sonicator is a device that homogenizes a sample by applying sound energy to agitate the particles. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spatula

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001717)

A spatula is "a small implement with a broad, flat, flexible blade used to mix, spread and lift material" including foods, drugs, plaster and paints. It derives from the Latin word for a flat piece of wood or splint (a diminutive form of the Latin spatha, meaning broadsword), and hence can also refer to a tongue depressor. The words spade (digging tool) and spathe are similarly derived. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

spatula

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001717)

A spatula is a small implement with a broad, flat, flexible blade used to mix, spread and lift material including foods, drugs, plaster and paints. It derives from the Latin word for a flat piece of wood or splint (a diminutive form of the Latin spatha, meaning broadsword), and hence can also refer to a tongue depressor. The words spade (digging tool) and spathe are similarly derived. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

specimen container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000472)

synonyms: holding container

The specimen container is a container that contains the homogenized mixture of samples and reagents to be used for a measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spectrofluorimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000806)

synonyms: fluorescence spectrometer, fluorescence spectrophotometer, fluorimeter, fluorometer, fluorospectrophotometer, spectrofluorometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a laser, a monochromator (for selecting a specific excitation wavelength) and a detector, which is used to measure fluorescence spectra. [CHMO]

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defined in:

spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000857)

synonyms: spectrograph, spectroscope

A piece of apparatus used to measure a spectrum. [CHMO]

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defined in:

spectrophotometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000185)

A spectrophotometer is a photometer that measures the intensity of light at each individual wavelength. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spectropolarimeter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000710)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a Xe lamp, a sample holder and at least two polarizing filters, that is used to measure optical rotations in solution. [CHMO]

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defined in:

spectroscopic ellipsometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000757)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a polarizer, a compensator (which elliptically polarizes the light) and a detector, which is used to measure the intensity and change in polarization of light reflected by a sample as a function of wavelength. This information in turn can be used to determine refractive index and thin film thickness. [CHMO]

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defined in:

spectroscopic photoemission and low energy electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000848)

synonyms: SPELEEM

A piece of apparatus which combines a low energy electron microscope (LEEM) and an energy filtered x-ray photoemission electron microscope (XPEEM). [CHMO]

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defined in:

spin column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001763)

synonyms: spin concentrator

A spin column is a column used for concentration of biological samples containing membranes for ultrafiltration. The solid phase is made up of silica to which the biological sample binds. [Allotrope]

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spinning sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001687)

synonyms: rotating stage

A spinning sample stage is a stage that rotates during measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spiral condenser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001427)

A spiral condenser has a spiral condensing tube with both inlet and outlet connections at top, on same side. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

split inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000811)

synonyms: S, split, split injector

A split inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet followed by a splitter enabling the carrier gas to sweep a part of volatilized sample onto the GC column, with that remaining split/swept to waste. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

split inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000811)

synonyms: S, split, split injector

A GC injector type enabling the carrier gas to sweep a part of volatilized sample onto the GC column,with that remaining split/swept to waste. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

split/splitless inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002194)

A split/splitless inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet that supports both split and splitless injection modes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

splitless inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000755)

synonyms: SL, splitless, splitless injector

A splitless inlet is a gas chromatograph inlet enabling the carrier gas to sweep the volatilized sample onto the GC column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

splitless inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000755)

synonyms: SL, splitless, splitless injector

An GC injector type enabling the carrier gas to sweep the volatilized sample onto the GC column. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

splitter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000558)

A device used to split a fluid into two component streams. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spray dryer absorber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001262)

synonyms: SDA

In spray dryer absorbers, the flue gases are introduced into an absorbing tower (dryer) where the gases are contacted with a finely atomized alkaline slurry. Acid gases are absorbed by the slurry mixture and react to form solid salts which are removed by the particulate control device. The heat of the flue gas is used to evaporate all the water droplets, leaving a non-saturated flue gas to exit the absorber tower. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

spray gun

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001729)

A spray gun is a device that uses an air jet to atomize a fluid and turning it into a dispersed spray. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spray humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001208)

synonyms: atomizer, water spray

A spray humidifier is a humidification device which forces water through a specialized nozzle atomizing it into the air. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spray manifold

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001766)

synonyms: spray bar

A spray manifold is a device that combines several spray guns to allow equal spray over a cross section of the tablet bed. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

spray manifold

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001766)

synonyms: spray bar

A spray manifold is a device that combines several spray guns to allow equal spray over a cross section of the tablet bed. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

sputter coater

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000218)

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an anode (the specimen) a cathode (the source of sputter atoms or 'target') and a magnet, all held inside a vacuum chamber, which is used to coat specimens with a thin layer of atoms (e.g. Au) prior to microscopy. [CHMO]

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defined in:

squeeze bottle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001484)

A squeeze bottle is a type of container such as a bottle for dispensing a fluid, that is powered by squeezing the container by exerting pressure with the user's hand. Its fundamental characteristic is that manual pressure applied to a resilient hollow body is harnessed to compress fluid within it and thereby expel the fluid through some form of nozzle. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

stacker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001636)

synonyms: microplate handling system, stacker system

A stacker is an automated plate handling system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

stainless steel plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000320)

A sample plate made of stainless steel. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

standard bore magnet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001657)

synonyms: SB magnet

A standard bore magnet is a superconducting magnet that has a standard bore. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

standard hydrogen cell

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000281)

The Standard hydrogen cell forms the basis of the thermodynamic scale of oxidation-reduction potentials. Its absolute electrode potential is estimated to be 0.41 ± 0.02 V at 25 °C, but to form a basis for comparison with all other electrode reactions, hydrogen's standard electrode potential (E0) is declared to be zero at all temperatures. Potentials of any other electrodes are compared with that of the standard hydrogen cell at the same temperature. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

standard hydrogen electrode

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000036)

synonyms: SHE, Hydrogen gas electrode, NHE, hydrogen gas electrode, normal hydrogen electrode, standard H2 electrode

A reference electrode based on the equilibrium between aqueous protons and electrons on one side and hydrogen gas on the other, in solutions saturated with hydrogen gas. Typically it is made of a thin foil of platinum electrolytically coated with a finely divided deposit of platinum or palladium metal. [CHMO]

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defined in:

static electrospray supply

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000420)

The sprayer is loaded with sample once. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

static field

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000082)

A device that creates an electric or magnetic field that does not change in time. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

static mixer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001267)

synonyms: in-line mixer, pipe mixer

A static mixer is a precision engineered device for the continuous mixing of fluid materials. Normally the fluids to be mixed are liquid, but static mixers can also be used to mix gas streams, disperse gas into liquid or blend immiscible liquids. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

steam-to-steam humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001226)

A steam-to-steam humidifier is a humidification device which uses potentially contaminated boiler steam solely as a heat source to boil an isolated container of pure water. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sterilizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001340)

A device used for sterizalizing. Sterializing can be achieved through applying of proper combination of chemicals, heat, high pressure and filtration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

sterilizing grade filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001337)

A filter that, when appropriately validated, will remove all microorganisms from a fluid stream, producing a sterile effluent. [FDA]

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defined in:

still

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001359)

A still is an apparatus used to distill liquid mixtures by heating to selectively boil and then cooling to condense the vapor. A still uses the same concepts as a basic distillation apparatus, but on a much larger scale. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

stir bar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000199)

A small magnetic bar used in a stirrer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

stir bar

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000199)

A stir bar is a small magnetic bar used in a magnetic stirrer. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000812)

synonyms: agitator, mixer

A stirrer is a mixing device used for stirring something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

stirrer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000812)

synonyms: agitator, mixer

A device used for stirring something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

stopcock

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001489)

A stopcock is a form of ball valve used to control the flow of a liquid or gas. Compared to the progressive control of a gate valve a stop cock's is coarse, confining their use principally to on-off applications. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

stopper

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001493)

synonyms: bung

A stopper is a truncated cylindrical or conical closure to seal a container. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

storage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001184)

A device used for storing something. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

strainer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001501)

A strainer is a form of sieve used to separate solids from liquid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

strip detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001756)

synonyms: position sensitive detector, silicon strip detector

A strip detector is a detector that is based on silicon strips which serve as charge collecting electrodes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

strip detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001756)

synonyms: position sensitive detector, silicon strip detector

A strip detector is a detector that is based on silicon strips which serve as charge collecting electrodes. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

strong anion-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000277)

synonyms: SAX column

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a strong anion exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

strong cation-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000360)

synonyms: SCX column

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a strong cation exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

substitution balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000391)

Balance in which the weighing sample and the weight pieces are on the same end of the lever arm. With no load on the pan, the weights and the constant counterweight are in equilibrium. With the weighing sample on the pan, the corresponding mass is removed from the weight set (dial weights) to re-establish the equilibrium. By comparison with the two-arm balance, the substitution principle (physical weighing principle) has the advantages that a) with increasing load, the sensitivity of the balance does not change since, due to the approximately constant loading of the lever arms, the center of gravity of the system does not move; b) the sensitivity is independent of the nominal value of the mechanical advantage of the lever, since the weighing sample and the weight pieces are compared on the same side of the lever (Borda weighing method; compare: Gaussian weighing method). [DOWT]

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defined in:

substitution balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000391)

Single pan mechanical substitution balance maintains consistent response throughout the useful capacity is achieved by maintaining a constant load on the balance beam, thus the fulcrum, by subtracting mass on the same side of the beam to which the sample is added. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

suction side

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001175)

The inlet location is said to be at the suction side of the pump. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

sulfur chemiluminescence detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002275)

synonyms: SCD

A sulfur chemiluminescence detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the detection of sulfur chemiluminescence when reacting with ozone. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

superconducting magnet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000882)

An electromagnet made from coils of wire that are superconducting at cryogenic temperatures. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

superconducting quantum interference device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000037)

synonyms: SQUID device, SQUID magnetometer, superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer, superconducting quantum interference magnetometer

A piece of apparatus, consisting of superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions, which is used to measure the strength and/or direction of an extremely weak magnetic field (10-18 T). [CHMO]

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defined in:

supercritical-fluid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000673)

synonyms: SFC system, supercritical-fluid chromatography system, SFC device, supercritical-fluid chromatography device

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/ processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to tits critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

supercritical-fluid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000673)

synonyms: SFC system, supercritical-fluid chromatography system, SFC device, supercritical-fluid chromatography device

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to tits critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

supercritical-fluid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000673)

synonyms: SFC system, supercritical-fluid chromatography system, SFC device, supercritical-fluid chromatography device

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a mobile phase supply system, an injection or sampling system, a column, detector and a data acquisition/processing system, that is used to carry out chromatographic separations where the mobile phase is a fluid above and relatively close to its critical temperature and pressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

supercritical-fluid chromatography column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000315)

synonyms: SFC column

A chromatography column used for supercritical-fluid chromatography. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

support-coated open-tubular column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000307)

synonyms: SCOT column

An open-tubular column in which a layer of porous particles deposited from a suspension coats the inner wall and serves as a support for a liquid stationary phase. [CHMO]

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defined in:

swinging bucket rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001162)

synonyms: swing head rotor

Swinging bucket rotors allow the tubes to hang on hinges so the tubes reorient to the horizontal as the rotor initially accelerates. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

synchrotron

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000507)

synonyms: synchrotrons

A large-scale particle accelerator in which a magnetic field is used to create the particle orbits. Synchrotrons produce X-ray, vacuum ultraviolet and broadband infrared radiation. [CHMO]

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defined in:

syringe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000746)

A syringe is an injection device that is a simple pump consisting of a plunger that fits tightly in a tube. The plunger can be pulled and pushed along inside a cylindrical tube (called a barrel), allowing the syringe to take in and expel a liquid or gas through an orifice at the open end of the tube. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

syringe injector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000039)

synonyms: syringe

Syringe injector into a chromatography system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

syringe pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000701)

A syringe which has the function of pumping material during an experiment. [CHMO]

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defined in:

system status code deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000546)

The system status code specifies a status of a system or device. [Allotrope]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

system status code

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000546)

The system status code specifies a status of a system or device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

system status idle deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000263)

The code of an idle status of a system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

system status idle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000263)

The code of an idle status of a system. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

system status not ready deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000060)

The code for the status of a system that is not ready for operation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

system status not ready

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000060)

The code for the status of a system that is not ready for operation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

system status ready deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000715)

The status code for the ready state of a system that is ready for operation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

system status ready

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000715)

The status code for the ready state of a system that is ready for operation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

table

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002210)

A table is a placement device with a flat top and one or more legs, providing a level surface for placement. [Allotrope]

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tablet coater

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001764)

synonyms: pharmaceutical tablet coater

A tablet coater is a device that allows for the coating of tablet with different types of layers, coatings or films. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

tablet coater

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001764)

synonyms: pharmaceutical tablet coater

A tablet coater is a device that allows for the coating of tablet with different types of layers, coatings or films. [OSTHUS]

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defined in:

tablet press

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001718)

A tablet press is a mechanical device that compresses powder into tablets of uniform size and weight. To form a tablet, the granulated material must be metered into a cavity formed by two punches and a die, and then the punches must be pressed together to a set separation distance to allow the powder / granule to transform into a solid compact through compression. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

tablet press turret

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001722)

synonyms: turret

A table press turret is a rotating cylinder where the compression dies can be installed. [Allotrope]

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tablet weight monitoring device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001724)

A tablet weight monitoring device is a device that allows for continuous tablet weight monitoring. It uses strain gauge technology to monitor pressure, which is then calibrated to tablet weight. [Wikipedia]

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tall-form beaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001276)

synonyms: Berzellius beaker

Tall-form beakers have a height about twice their diameter. [Wikipedia]

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tamping screw

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001736)

A screw that can vary speed to provide powder blend to the rollers at a constant rate, this screw also acts to consolidate the powder blend into the rollers. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

tandem mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000822)

synonyms: MS/MS, MS2

Mass spectrometer designed for mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

tandem mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000822)

synonyms: MS/MS, MS2

Mass spectrometer designed for mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

tandem-scanning microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000296)

synonyms: TSM, tandem scanning microscope

An optical microscope that works by using a spinning Nipkow disc, a wheel pierced by a spiral of pinholes, to illuminate small areas of the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

teflon capillary

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000063)

A teflon capillary is a neutral capillary with a teflon coating on its inner surface. [Allotrope]

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temperature controlled chamber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000350)

synonyms: temp controlled chamber

A temperature controlled chamber is a chamber or enclosed space in which a temperature can be controlled and set to a specific value. [Allotrope]

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temperature controlled sample stage

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001683)

synonyms: variable temperature sample stage

A sample stage where the temperature can be controlled/varied during measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

temperature controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000528)

synonyms: temperature control, temperature control device, thermostat

A device used to control the temperature in a compartment. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

test tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001455)

synonyms: culture tube, sample tube

A test tube, also known as a culture tube or sample tube, is a common piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a finger-like length of glass or clear plastic tubing, open at the top, usually with a rounded U-shaped bottom. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

thermal bag

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001148)

synonyms: cooler bag

A thermal bag is a type of thermally insulated shipping container in the form of a bag which can be carried, usually made of thermally insulating materials. It is used to help maintain the temperature of its contents, keeping cold items cold, and hot items hot. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

thermal conductivity detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000316)

synonyms: TCD

A detector that senses changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermal conductivity detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000316)

synonyms: TCD

A thermal conductivity detector is a measurement component that measures changes in the thermal conductivity of the column effluent and compares it to a reference flow of carrier gas. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermal cycler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001222)

synonyms: thermocycler

A thermal cycler is a device use in the process of polymerase chain reaction in which the DNA fragments are multiplied. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermal desorption autosampler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000385)

A thermal desorption autosampler is an autosampler that supports the thermal desorption technique for analysis of volatile compounds. Tubes of such autosamplers need a sealing and the thermal desorption autosampler must provide a way of heating and cooling the vials. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermal insulation jacket

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001630)

synonyms: jacket, hull, insulating

A thermal insulation jacket is a kind of insulation that seals the interior thermally from the surrounding. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermocouple

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000189)

A piece of apparatus that generates electrical current when it experiences a thermal gradient. [CHMO]

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defined in:

thermoelectric cooler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001145)

synonyms: Peltier cooler

A cooler that uses the Peltier effect along with an external fan to draw away the heat. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

thermoelectric temperature controller

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001753)

synonyms: Peltier controller

A thermoelectric temperature controller is a type of peltier cooler, heater, or thermoelectric heat pump which transfers heat from one side of the device to the other, with consumption of electrical energy, depending on the direction of the current. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

thermogravimetric analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000465)

synonyms: TG, TGA, TGA instrument, thermo-gravimetric apparatus, thermogravimetric analysis apparatus, thermogravimetric apparatus

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a quartz or alumina chamber, a balance, a sample pan and a heating mechanism, which is used to record the mass of a sample as a function of increasing temperature. [CHMO]

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defined in:

thermometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000410)

A thermometer is a device that measures temperature or a temperature gradient. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thermospray inlet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000369)

synonyms: TSP

Inlet that uses thermospray ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thick wall rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001650)

A thick wall rotor is a type of ssNMR tube with a thick wall diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thin wall rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001647)

A thin wall rotor is a type of ssNMR tube with a thin wall diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

thin-layer chromatography plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000236)

synonyms: TLC plate

An open chromatographic bed that consists of a thin (0.10 to 0.25 mm) layer of sorbent applied to a firm backing of glass, aluminium or a plastic sheet to act as a support. Numerous sorbents have been used including silica gel, cellulose, aluminium oxide and polyamide. [CHMO]

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defined in:

thistle tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001452)

A thistle tube is a piece of laboratory glassware consisting of a shaft of tube, with a reservoir and funnel-like section at the top. Thistle tubes are typically used by chemists to add liquid to an existing system or apparatus. Thistle funnels are used to add small volumes of liquids to an exact position. Thistle funnels are found with taps or without taps. [Wikipedia]

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three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000592)

synonyms: 3D QIT, three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser

A mass-to-charge analyser that uses a three-dimensional quadrupole field (generated by four parallel electrodes) to trap ions in orbits that correspond to their mass-to-charge ratio.

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defined in:

three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000592)

synonyms: 3D QIT, three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap mass-to-charge analyser

A mass-to-charge analyser that uses a three-dimensional quadrupole field (generated by four parallel electrodes) to trap ions in orbits that correspond to their mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]

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defined in:

throttle valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001704)

A throttle is the mechanism by which fluid flow is managed by constriction or obstruction. An engine's power can be increased or decreased by the restriction of inlet gases (i.e., by the use of a throttle), but usually decreased. The term throttle has come to refer, informally and incorrectly, to any mechanism by which the power or speed of an engine is regulated. What is often termed a throttle (in an aviation context) is more correctly called a thrust lever , particularly for jet engine powered aircraft. For a steam engine, the steam valve that sets the engine speed/power is often known as a regulator. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

time-digital converter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000461)

synonyms: TDC, time-to-digital converter

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

time-digital converter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000461)

synonyms: TDC, time-to-digital converter

A time-digital converter is a data acquisition device for recognizing events and providing a digital representation of the time they occurred. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

time-of-flight mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000010)

synonyms: TOF MS, TOF-MS

Mass spectrometer that separates ions by m/z in a field-free region after acceleration through a fixed accelerating potential. Ions of the same initial translational energy and different m/z require different times to traverse a given distance in the field-free region. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

time-of-flight mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000010)

synonyms: TOF MS, TOF-MS

Mass spectrometer that separates ions by m/z in a field-free region after acceleration through a fixed accelerating potential. Ions of the same initial translational energy and different m/z require different times to traverse a given distance in the field-free region. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

time-of-flight mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000773)

synonyms: TOF, time-of-flight

A piece of apparatus which accelerates a sample of ions so that they all have the same kinetic energy across a field-free drift region of length 1-2 m to a detector, thus separating the ions by their velocity, which is proportional to their mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]

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defined in:

time-resolved fluorescence plate reader

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001512)

synonyms: TR-FRET plate reader, TRF plate reader

Plate reader that uses time-resolved fluorescence measurement. Time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) measurement is very similar to fluorescence intensity (FI) measurement. TRF relies on the use of very specific fluorescent molecules, called lanthanides, that have the unusual property of emitting over long periods of time (measured in milliseconds) after excitation, when most standard fluorescent dyes (e.g. fluorescein) emit within a few nanoseconds of being excited. As a result, it is possible to excite lanthanides using a pulsed light source (Xenon flash lamp or pulsed laser for example), and measure after the excitation pulse. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

titrator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000876)

synonyms: automatic burette

A titrator is a device that automates titrations. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

top loading balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000588)

synonyms: top loader balance

A top loading balance is a balance that is loaded from the top and has a weighing range of up to multiple kilograms. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

toroidal ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001018)

Ion trapping device based on the three-dimensional structure formed by rotating the cross-section of a quadrupole ion trap about the edge perpendicular to the plane of the ring electrode. The resulting trapping region is toroidal. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

toroidal ion trap

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001018)

Ion trapping device based on the three-dimensional structure formed by rotating the cross-section of a quadrupole ion trap about the edge perpendicular to the plane of the ring electrode. The resulting trapping region is toroidal. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

tower mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001444)

synonyms: regrind mill, stirred mill, vertical mill

Tower mills are a more efficient means of grinding material at smaller particle sizes, and can be used after ball mills in a grinding process. Like ball mills, grinding (steel) balls or pebbles are often added to stirred mills to help grind ore, however these mills contain a large screw mounted vertically to lift and grind material. In tower mills, there is no cascading action as in standard grinding mills. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

transducer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002109)

A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

transferring device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002168)

A transferring device is a device that is designed to transfer material. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

transmission electron microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000667)

synonyms: TEM, transmission EM

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of an electron transparent specimen using a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV under vacuum. The energies and intensities of the transmitted electrons are measured. [CHMO]

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defined in:

transmission electron microscope grid

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000797)

synonyms: TEM micro-grid, TEM microgrid, transmission electron microscope microgrid

A thin film of micrometre thickness which is used as a support for specimens during transmission electron microscopy. [CHMO]

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transmission electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000186)

synonyms: TEM/EDX, transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer, transmission electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser

A piece of apparatus which is used to produce an enlarged image of an electron- transparent specimen using a finely focused (less than 10 nm diameter) electron beam with an acceleration voltage of 50--150 kV under vacuum. X-rays emerging from the sample (as a result of electron bombardment) pass through a slit, then a grating disperses them by diffraction according to their wavelength. Finally, X-ray energy (which is characteristic of atomic number) is converted to voltage pulses or 'counts' by a detector. [CHMO]

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transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000219)

Mass spectrometer that consists of an array of four parallel rod electrodes whose centers form the corners of a square and whose opposing electrode pairs are connected. The electric potential applied between the connected pairs of rods is a superposition of a static potential and a sinusoidal radio frequency potential. The motion of an ion in the x-y plane perpendicular to the length direction of the rod electrodes is described by the Mathieu equation whose solutions show that ions in a particular m/z range can be transmitted along the z-axis. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000219)

Mass spectrometer that consists of an array of four parallel rod electrodes whose centers form the corners of a square and whose opposing electrode pairs are connected. The electric potential applied between the connected pairs of rods is a superposition of a static potential and a sinusoidal radio frequency potential. The motion of an ion in the x-y plane perpendicular to the length direction of the rod electrodes is described by the Mathieu equation whose solutions show that ions in a particular m/z range can be transmitted along the z-axis. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

transmission quadrupole mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000113)

synonyms: QMF, quadrupole mass analyzer, quadrupole mass filter, transmission quadrupole, transmission quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser

A mass-to-charge analyser that consists of a set of four linear electrodes and allows only ions of a given mass-to-charge ratio, set according to the direct current and radio frequency potentials, to reach a detector.

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defined in:

transmission quadrupole mass-to-charge analyzer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000113)

synonyms: QMF, quadrupole mass analyzer, quadrupole mass filter, transmission quadrupole, transmission quadrupole mass-to-charge analyser

A mass-to-charge analyser that consists of a set of four linear electrodes and allows only ions of a given mass-to-charge ratio, set according to the direct current and radio frequency potentials, to reach a detector. [CHMO]

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defined in:

transmitting polarizing microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000241)

synonyms: polarised transmitted light microscope, polarized transmitted light microscope, transmitted light polarising microscope, transmitted light polarizing microscope, transmitting polarising light microscope, transmitting polarizing light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, orthogonal polarizing filters and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. The specimen is illuminated with visible light transmitted from a source on the opposite side of the specimen from the objective. [CHMO]

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defined in:

transport region

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001029)

Region in a mass spectrometer in which an ion beam is transported from the ion source to the ion optics or from one ion optical element to the next. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

transport region

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001029)

Region in a mass spectrometer in which an ion beam is transported from the ion source to the ion optics or from one ion optical element to the next. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

traveling wave ion mobility mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000272)

synonyms: TWIMS

An ion mobility mass spectrometry technique based on the superimposition of travelling voltage waves on a radially-confining RF voltage in a gas-filled, stacked-ring ion guide. [PSI-MS]

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defined in:

tray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000540)

synonyms: tray, well plate, vial tray, vial plate

A tray is a container capable of holding multiple vials within a defined layout. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

tray

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002231)

synonyms: plate

A tray is a shallow, flat container. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

triple channel probe

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001645)

synonyms: HCN, HCN probe

A triple channel probe is a type of NMR tube that allows for measurements of three different nuclei at the same time. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

triple quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000737)

synonyms: QQQ, TQD, triple quad, triple quadrapole mass spectrometer, triple-qudrupole mass spectrometer

Tandem mass spectrometer comprising two transmission quadrupole mass spectrometers in series, with a (non-selecting) RF-only quadrupole (or other multipole) between them to act as a collision cell. [IUPAC MS REC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

triple quadrupole mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000737)

synonyms: QQQ, TQD, triple quad, triple quadrapole mass spectrometer, triple-qudrupole mass spectrometer

Tandem mass spectrometer comprising two transmission quadrupole mass spectrometers in series, with a (non-selecting) RF-only quadrupole (or other multipole) between them to act as a collision cell. [IUPAC]

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defined in:

triple-beam balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000423)

synonyms: sliding weight balance, triple-beam balance

The triple beam balance is a comparator balance used to measure mass very precisely. The device has reading error of +/- 0.05 gram. The name refers to the three beams including the middle beam which is the largest size, the front beam which is the medium size, and the far beam which is the smallest size. The difference in size of the beams indicate the difference in weights and reading scale that each beam carry. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

triple-beam balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000423)

synonyms: sliding weight balance, triple-beam balance

The triple beam balance is a comparator balance used to measure mass very precisely. The device has reading error of +/- 0.05 gram. The name refers to the three beams including the middle beam which is the largest size, the front beam which is the medium size, and the far beam which is the smallest size. The difference in size of the beams indicate the difference in weights and reading scale that each beam carry. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

tube

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000718)

synonyms: tubing

A tube, or tubing, is a long hollow cylinder used for moving fluids (liquids or gases) or to protect electrical or optical cables and wires. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

tubing connector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001761)

synonyms: connector

A tubing connector is a part used to connect/install tubing, components, and accessories as part of a system flow path configuration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

tungsten lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001773)

A tungsten lamp is a type of lamp that emits visible light by heating a tungsten filament with electric current. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

two-dimensional gas chromatography system

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000591)

synonyms: 2D GC, 2D gas chromatograph, GCxGC, two-dimensional gas chromatograph

In GC × GC two columns are connected sequentially, typically the first dimension is a conventional column and the second dimension is a short fast GC type, with a modulator positioned between them. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ultra high-performance liquid chromatograph

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000171)

synonyms: RRLC, RSLC, UFLC, UHPLC, UPLC, rapid resolution liquid chromatograph, rapid separation liquid chromatograph, ultra fast liquid chromatograph, ultra performance liquid chromatograph

Liquid chromatograph that implements the ultra high-performance liquid chromatography. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ultra low penetration air filter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001290)

synonyms: ULPA, ULPA filter

Air filter with the group designation G, containing EN 779 filter classes U15, U16, U17. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ultra micro balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000095)

synonyms: assay balance, ultramicroanalytical balace, ultramicroanalytical balance

An ultra micro balance is an analytical balance that has a precision of 0.0005 - 0.002 mg. [IUPAC Orange Book]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

ultra micro balance

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000095)

synonyms: assay balance, ultramicroanalytical balace, ultramicroanalytical balance

An ultra micro balance is an analytical balance that has a precision of 0.0005 - 0.002 mg. [IUPAC]

Copyright Notice and License Terms for IUPAC terms

defined in:

ultra-low temperature freezer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001212)

synonyms: ultra-low freezer

A freezer that maintains a temperature within the range of -40 °C and -85 °C. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ultracentrifuge

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001156)

The ultracentrifuge is a centrifuge optimized for spinning a rotor at very high speeds, capable of generating acceleration as high as 2 000 000 g. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ultrasonic bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001123)

A bath used for ultrasonic cleaning. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

ultrasonic cleaner

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001220)

An ultrasonic cleaner is a device that uses ultrasound (usually from 20–400 kHz) and an appropriate cleaning solvent (sometimes ordinary tap water) to clean items. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ultrasonic humidifier

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001204)

An ultrasonic humidifier uses a metal diaphragm vibrating at an ultrasonic frequency to create water droplets that silently exit the humidifier in the form of a cool fog. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ultraviolet detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000711)

synonyms: UV detector

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a phototelectric cell, a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light, which is used to detect the absorbance of ultraviolet (190-400 nm) light by molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ultraviolet detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000711)

synonyms: UV detector

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source, a photoelectric cell, a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light, which is used to detect the absorbance of ultraviolet (190-400 nm) light by molecules in a sample separated by chromatography. [CHMO]

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defined in:

ultraviolet spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000554)

synonyms: UV spectrophotometer, UV spectrometer, ultra-violet spectrometer, ultraviolet spectrometry

A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the ultraviolet range (190-400 nm). [CHMO]

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defined in:

ultraviolet-visible spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000421)

synonyms: ultraviolet-visible spectrometer, UV spectrophotometer, UV-VIS absorption spectrophotometer, UV-VIS spectrometer, UV-VIS spectrophotometer, UV-Vis molecular absorption spectrometer, UV-Vis spectrometer, UV-vis absorption spectrometer, UV-vis absorption spectrophotometer, UV-vis spectrometer, UV-vis spectrophotometer, UV-visible spectrometer, UV/VIS absorption spectrophotometer, UV/VIS spectrometer, UV/VIS spectrophotometer, UV/Vis absorption spectrophotometer, UV/Vis spectrometer, UV/Vis spectrophotometer, absorption spectrophotometer, electronic absorption spectrometer, molecular electronic absorption spectrometer, ultra-violet-visible spectrometer, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer

A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the range ultraviolet to visible (190--800 nm). [CHMO]

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defined in:

ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000800)

synonyms: ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectrometer, UV-VIS-NIR spectrometer, UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectrometer, UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer, UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer, UV-vis-NIR absorption spectrometer, UV-visible-near IR absorption spectrometer, UV-visible-near IR spectrometer, ultraviolet-visible-near infrared absorption spectrometer

A piece of apparatus that consists of: a light source; a holder for the sample; a diffraction grating or monochromator to separate the different wavelengths of light; a detector, and is used to measure spectra in the range ultraviolet to near-infrared (190--2000 nm) resulting in electronic transitions within the sample. [CHMO]

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defined in:

upstream deprecated

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001828)

Direction from the device to the network. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

http://purl.allotrope.org/voc/afo/OLD/2019/06/afo

upstream

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001828)

Direction from the device to the network. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

upstream channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001819)

A channel that transports signals from the device. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

uv lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001755)

A UV lamp is a light source with an ultraviolet wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vacuum breaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001355)

A vacuum breaker is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow when taking out fluids thus creating underpressure. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vacuum deduster

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001776)

A vacuum deduster is a type of deduster that applies vacuum for the removal of dust. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vacuum distillation apparatus

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001433)

synonyms: vacuum distillation device

A device used for vacuum distillation. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vacuum inhaler

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001712)

synonyms: vacuum

A vacuum inhaler is a device that sucks in fine-dispersed samples. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vacuum oven

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001143)

synonyms: vacuum furnace

In a vacuum oven the product in the oven is surrounded by a vacuum. The absence of air or other gases prevents heat transfer with the product through convection and removes a source of contamination. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vacuum pump

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001170)

A vacuum pump is a device that removes gas molecules from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

valve

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000795)

A valve is a plumbing equipment that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vapor regulated module

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001680)

A vapor regulated module is a device that allows for controlling the mixture of vapors. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vaporizer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001207)

synonyms: boiler, steam humidifier, warm mist humidifier

A vaporizer heats or boils water, releasing steam and moisture into the air. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

variable air volume ducted hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001238)

synonyms: VAV ducted hood

VAV hoods vary the volume of room air exhausted while maintaining the face velocity at a set level. Different VAV hoods change the exhaust volume using different methods, such as a damper or valve in the exhaust duct that opens and closes based on sash position, or a blower that changes speed to meet air-volume demands. Most VAV hoods integrate a modified bypass-block system that ensures adequate airflow at all sash positions. VAV hoods are connected electronically to the laboratory building’s HVAC, so hood exhaust and room supply are balanced. In addition, VAV hoods feature monitors and/or alarms that warn the operator of unsafe hood-airflow conditions. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vented balance safety enclosure

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001283)

synonyms: VBSE, VBSE hood

Vented balance safety enclosures are used in pharmaceutical, chemical, biological, and toxicological laboratories to provide maximum containment for weighing operations in weighing scales. In laboratories weighing is generally regarded as a highly hazardous operation because it involves direct handling of pure substances. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

ventilation device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001228)

A device that provides ventilation. Ventilating is the process of "processing" or replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality (i.e. to control temperature, replenish oxygen, or remove moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria and carbon dioxide). Ventilation is used to remove unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduce outside air, to keep interior building air circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vertical shaft impactor mill

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001443)

synonyms: VSI mill

A VSI mill throws rock or ore particles against a wear plate by slinging them from a spinning center that rotates on a vertical shaft. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vial

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000329)

synonyms: flacon, phial, reaction vial

A vial is a small vessel or bottle. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vial container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002278)

A vial container is a container that has the function to contain vials. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vial rack

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000540)

synonyms: tray, well plate, vial tray, vial plate

A vial rack is a tray capable of holding multiple vials within a defined layout. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vial rack

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002169)

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defined in:

vibration feeder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001710)

synonyms: feeder, vibrating feeder

A vibration feeder is a device that brings in a constant feed of sample by way of vibration. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

visible lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001771)

A visible lamp is a light source with a visible wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

volumetric burette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000032)

A volumetric burette delivers measured volumes of liquid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

volumetric flask

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001488)

A flask for preparing liquids with volumes of high precision. It is a flask with an approximately pear-shaped body and a long neck with a circumferential fill line. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

vortex evaporator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001344)

A vortex evaporator is used to boil samples while in a vacuum environment and while spinning the samples rapidly to create a vortex in order to keep them at a low temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

vortex mixer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000429)

synonyms: vortexer

A vortex mixer is a device used to mix small vials of liquid. It consists of an electric motor with the drive shaft oriented vertically and attached to a cupped rubber piece mounted slightly off-center. As the motor runs the rubber piece oscillates rapidly in a circular motion. When a test tube or other appropriate container is pressed into the rubber cup (or touched to its edge) the motion is transmitted to the liquid inside and a vortex is created. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

wall-coated open-tubular column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000779)

synonyms: WCOT column

An open-tubular column in which the liquid stationary phase is coated on the unmodified smooth inner wall of the tube. [CHMO]

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defined in:

washing machine agitator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001271)

The washing machine agitator projects from the bottom of the wash basket and creates the wash action by rotating back and forth, rolling garments from the top of the load, down to the bottom, then back up again. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

waste container

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000607)

A waste container is a container that is used for waste. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

waste treatment device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001250)

A device used for disposing or treating wastes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

watch glass

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001490)

A watch glass is a circular concave piece of glass used in chemistry as a surface to evaporate a liquid, to hold solids while being weighed, as a cover for a beaker, and for heating a small amount of substance. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

water bath

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001124)

A water bath is a heated bath using water as bath fluid. It is used for temperatures up to 100 °C. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

water purification unit

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001279)

An equipment for the purification of water. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

water-thermostatted cell holder

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001751)

synonyms: thermostatted cell holder

A water-thermostatted cell holder is atype of cell holder which allows to set a certain temperature. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

waterwash fume hood

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001241)

synonyms: waterwash

Waterwash fume hoods have an internal wash system that cleans the interior of the unit, to prevent a build-up of dangerous chemicals. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

weak anion-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000301)

synonyms: WAX column

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a weak anion exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

weak cation-exchange column

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000775)

synonyms: WCX column

A chromatography column where the stationary phase is a weak cation exchanger. [CHMO]

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defined in:

weighing device

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000252)

synonyms: weighing instrument

A weighing device is a measurement device for measuring mass by the gravitational force on earth. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

weighing instrument

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000252)

synonyms: weighing instrument

Definition pending. [0]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

weighing instrument

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000252)

synonyms: weighing instrument

A weighing instrument is a measurement device for measuring mass by the gravitational force on earth. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

weighing pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000556)

synonyms: load container, load hook, load pan, weight pan

A weighing pan is a small container, made of inert material, into which a sample can be placed and which can be placed or positioned in an instrument to perform a weight measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

weighing pan

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000556)

synonyms: load container, load hook, load pan, weight pan

A weighing pan is a small container, made of inert material, into which a sample can be placed and which can be placed or positioned in an instrument to perform a weight measurement. [Amgen]

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defined in:

weight burette

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000839)

A weight burette delivers measured weights of liquid. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

weight standard

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000448)

synonyms: weight standard, reference mass, weight, weight piece

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

weight standard

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000448)

synonyms: weight standard, reference mass, weight, weight piece

A weight standard is a standard material used in weighing. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

well (plate)

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0002241)

synonyms: well

A well (plate) is a well located in a well plate. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

well plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000029)

synonyms: block, plate, well block

A plate is a flat container with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

well plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000029)

synonyms: block, plate, well block

A plate is a tray with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

wet disperser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001716)

A wet disperser is a type of disperser that allows for dispersing liquids and suspensions. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

wet scrubber

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001259)

A wet scrubber is used to clean air, fuel gas or other gases of various pollutants and dust particles. Wet scrubbing works via the contact of target compounds or particulate matter with the scrubbing solution. Solutions may simply be water (for dust) or solutions of reagents that specifically target certain compounds. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

wide bore magnet

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001658)

synonyms: WB magnet

A wide bore magnet is a superconducting magnet that has a wide bore. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

wide neck bottle

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001497)

synonyms: wide mouth bottle

A wide neck bottle is a bottle with a neck that has a large diameter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

wrist-action shaker

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001350)

synonyms: wrist action shaker, wrist action shaking machine, wrist-action shaking machine

A wrist-action shaker replicates hand mixing. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

xenon lamp

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001759)

A xenon lamp is a specialized type of gas lamp that produces light by passing electricity through ionized xenon gas at high pressure. It produces a bright white light that closely mimics natural sunlight. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

zonal rotor

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001163)

Zonal rotors are designed to contain a large volume of sample in a single central cavity rather than in tubes. Some zonal rotors are capable of dynamic loading and unloading of samples while the rotor is spinning at high speed. [Wikipedia]

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defined in:

Karl Fischer homogeniser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000304)

synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer

A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

Karl-Fischer homogeniser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000304)

synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer

A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analogue readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000353)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

analogue readout

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000353)

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defined in:

analogue-digital converter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000872)

synonyms: A to D, A/D, A/D converter, ADC, analog to digital converter, analogue to digital converter

Analog-to-digital converter is an electronic integrated circuit that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

analogue-digital converter

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000872)

synonyms: A to D, A/D, A/D converter, ADC, analog to digital converter, analogue to digital converter

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defined in:

analogue-to-digital converter channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000432)

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defined in:

analogue-to-digital converter channel

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000432)

An analog-to-digital converter channel is a special type of channel that belongs to an analog-to-digital converter. Usually there are several channels for one converter. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000573)

synonyms: APCI source

A ion source that implements tha atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000573)

synonyms: APCI source

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defined in:

blood gas analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000574)

A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

blood gas analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000574)

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defined in:

blood gas analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000574)

A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas or cell culture gas and pH measurement. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cell culture analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000151)

Apparatus used to specifically measure media concentrations of various analytes. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

cell culture analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000151)

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defined in:

chemical ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000658)

A mass spectrometer that uses the chemcial ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

chemical ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000658)

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defined in:

chemical ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000370)

synonyms: chemical ionisation source, CI source

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defined in:

concentric nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000982)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

concentric nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000982)

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cool-box

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001146)

synonyms: cool box, ice box, ice chest

A cooler is an insulated box used to keep something cool. Ice cubes are most commonly placed in it to help the things inside stay cool. Ice packs are sometimes used, as they either contain the melting water inside, or have a gel sealed inside that stays cold longer than plain ice (absorbing heat as it changes phase). [Wikipedia]

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cool-box

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001146)

synonyms: cool box, ice box, ice chest

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cross-flow nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000993)

Definition pending. [0]

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defined in:

cross-flow nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000993)

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defined in:

electron ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000016)

synonyms: electron ionisation mass spectrometer, EI MS

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electrospray ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000106)

synonyms: ESI MS, ESI mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer using electrospray ionization. [Allotrope]

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electrospray ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000106)

synonyms: ESI MS, ESI mass spectrometer

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

electrospray ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000225)

synonyms: electrospray ionisation source, ESI source

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defined in:

flame ionisation detector

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000209)

synonyms: FID

A flame ionisation detector is a measurement component that measures an analyte in a gas stream through the measurement of ions created via flame ionisation. [Allotrope]

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gas electrolyte analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000707)

synonyms: gas electrolyte module, gas metabolite module, metmod

The gas electrolyte analyzer is used for the analysis of dissolved gases and dissolved electrolytes. [Allotrope]

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homogeniser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000299)

A homogenizer is a device used for homogenization of various types of material. [Wikipedia]

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homogeniser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000299)

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

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hybrisation incubator

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001202)

synonyms: hybridization oven, hybridisation oven

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defined in:

mass-to-charge analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000038)

synonyms: mass-to-charge analyser, mass analyzer, mass analyser

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

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matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000620)

synonyms: MALDI ionisation source, MALDI ionization source

Ionization source for a the formation of gas-phase ions from molecules present in a solid or liquid matrix that is irradiated with a laser. The matrix is a material that absorbs the laser energy and promotes ionization. [IUPAC MS REC]

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matrix assisted laser desorption ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000620)

synonyms: MALDI ionisation source, MALDI ionization source

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matrix assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000741)

synonyms: MALDI mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses a plate to hold the sample in a matrix (such as crystallised dihydrobenzoic acid) whilst it is vaporized and ionized using a high-energy pulsed laser. [CHMO]

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000741)

synonyms: MALDI mass spectrometer

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

matrix assisted laser desorption-ionisation plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000552)

synonyms: MALDI plate, precoated MALDI sample plate

A extremely flat surface that holds the sample during a mass spectrometry experiment where the sample is vaporized and ionized using a high-energy pulsed laser whilst being held in a matrix to protect it from direct laser illumination and to separate the sample molecules. The surface of the plate may be chemically functionalised for a specific sample. [CHMO]

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matrix assisted laser desorption-ionisation plate

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000552)

synonyms: MALDI plate, precoated MALDI sample plate

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

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nanoelectrospray ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000666)

synonyms: nanoESI source

An ion source that implements the nanoelectrospray ionization method. [Allotrope]

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nanoelectrospray ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000666)

synonyms: nanoESI source

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nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000990)

A device for producing a mist from a liquid. [Allotrope]

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nebuliser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000990)

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

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nutrient metabolite analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000530)

synonyms: metabolite analyser, metabolite analyzer, metabolite module, nut met, nut met module, nutrient metabolite module, nutrient module

The metabolite analyzer is used for the analysis of metabolites. [Allotrope]

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osmolality analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000858)

synonyms: osmo analyser, osmo analyzer, osmo module, osmolality module, osmometer

The osmolality analyzer is used for determining the concentration of salts present per mass unit of solution. [Allotrope]

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osmolality analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000858)

synonyms: osmo analyser, osmo analyzer, osmo module, osmolality module, osmometer

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polarising microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000395)

synonyms: polarised light microscope, polarised-light microscope, polarising light microscope, polarized light microscope, polarized-light microscope, polarizing light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, orthogonal polarizing filters and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. [CHMO]

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polarising microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000395)

synonyms: polarised light microscope, polarised-light microscope, polarising light microscope, polarized light microscope, polarized-light microscope, polarizing light microscope

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pyrolysis field ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000226)

synonyms: Py-FIMS, PyFIMS, py-FIMS, pyFIMS, pyrolysis-field ionisation mass spectrometer, pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometer

A mass spectrometer that uses pyrolysis field ionization. [Allotrope]

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defined in:

pyrolysis field ionisation mass spectrometer

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000226)

synonyms: Py-FIMS, PyFIMS, py-FIMS, pyFIMS, pyrolysis-field ionisation mass spectrometer, pyrolysis-field ionization mass spectrometer

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License

defined in:

radial electrostatic field analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001020)

Arrangement of two conducting sheets forming a capacitor and giving a radial electrostatic field which is used to deflect and focus ion beams. The degree of deflection varies with the ratio of translational energy to charge. The capacitor may be cylindrical, spherical, or toroidal. [IUPAC MS REC]

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defined in:

radial electrostatic field analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001020)

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residual gas analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001030)

Mass spectrometer used to measure the composition and pressure of gases in an evacuated chamber and to test for leaks in pressurized systems. [IUPAC MS REC]

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residual gas analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0001030)

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secondary ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000722)

The secondary ionization source is a source of ions for the secondary ion mass spectrometry. [Allotrope]

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secondary ionisation source

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000722)

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thermogravimetric analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000465)

synonyms: TG, TGA, TGA instrument, thermo-gravimetric apparatus, thermogravimetric analysis apparatus, thermogravimetric apparatus

A piece of apparatus, consisting of a quartz or alumina chamber, a balance, a sample pan and a heating mechanism, which is used to record the mass of a sample as a function of increasing temperature. [CHMO]

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thermogravimetric analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000465)

synonyms: TG, TGA, TGA instrument, thermo-gravimetric apparatus, thermogravimetric analysis apparatus, thermogravimetric apparatus

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time-of-flight mass-to-charge analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000773)

synonyms: TOF, time-of-flight

A piece of apparatus which accelerates a sample of ions so that they all have the same kinetic energy across a field-free drift region of length 1-2 m to a detector, thus separating the ions by their velocity, which is proportional to their mass-to-charge ratio. [CHMO]

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defined in:

time-of-flight mass-to-charge analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000773)

synonyms: TOF, time-of-flight

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transmission electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000186)

synonyms: TEM/EDX, transmission electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analyzer, transmission electron microscope with an energy dispersive X-ray analyser

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transmitting polarising microscope

(http://purl.allotrope.org/ontologies/equipment#AFE_0000241)

synonyms: polarised transmitted light microscope, polarized transmitted light microscope, transmitted light polarising microscope, transmitted light polarizing microscope, transmitting polarising light microscope, transmitting polarizing light microscope

A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, object turret, stage, orthogonal polarizing filters and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. The specimen is illuminated with visible light transmitted from a source on the opposite side of the specimen from the objective. [CHMO]

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defined in: