A standard microplate that contains 96 wells, arranged in eight rows by twelve columns. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: bulb condenser, reflux condenser
The Allihn condenser consists of a long glass tube with a water jacket. A series of bulbs on the tube increases the surface area upon which the vapor constituents may condense. Ideally suited for laboratory-scale refluxing. [Wikipedia]
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The BNC (Bayonet Neill–Concelman) connector is a miniature quick connect/disconnect radio frequency connector used for coaxial cable. It features two bayonet lugs on the female connector; mating is fully achieved with a quarter turn of the coupling nut. [Wikipedia]
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Code from the BS 5295 cleanroom standard
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synonyms: Boston round, Winchester bottle, round bottle
A Boston round bottle, or Winchester bottle, is a strong and heavy bottle commonly used in the drug and chemical industries. It is often made of amber (brown) glass (to filter out UV light) but can also be made of plastics. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: Brubaker pre-filter
Additional set of four short, cylindrical electrodes, mounted co-linearly with a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer that is excited with some fraction of the AC potential but not the DC potential applied to the main quadrupole. The Brubaker lens thus acts as a high-pass filter for ion m/z, but the resulting delay in application of the DC potential component also results in a reduction in defocusing by fringe fields and thus significantly improves overall ion transmission efficiency at a given mass resolution. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: Brubaker pre-filter
Additional set of four short, cylindrical electrodes, mounted co-linearly with a transmission quadrupole mass spectrometer that is excited with some fraction of the AC potential but not the DC potential applied to the main quadrupole. The Brubaker lens thus acts as a high-pass filter for ion m/z, but the resulting delay in application of the DC potential component also results in a reduction in defocusing by fringe fields and thus significantly improves overall ion transmission efficiency at a given mass resolution. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: bunsen burner
A Bunsen burner, named after Robert Bunsen, is a common piece of laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame, which is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: vacuum flask, Buchner flask, Kitaso flask, filter flask, sidearm flask, suction flask
A Büchner flask is a thick-walled Erlenmeyer flask with a short glass tube and hose barb protruding about an inch from its neck. The short tube and hose barb effectively acts as an adapter over which the end of a thick-walled flexible hose (tubing) can be fitted to form a connection to the flask. The other end of the hose can be connected to source of vacuum such as an aspirator, vacuum pump, or house vacuum. Preferably this is done through a trap (see below), which is designed to prevent the sucking back of water from the aspirator into the Büchner flask. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: Buchner funnel
A Büchner funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment used in filtration. It is traditionally made of porcelain, but glass and plastic funnels are also available. On top of the funnel-shaped part there is a cylinder with a fritted glass disc/perforated plate separating it from the funnel. [Wikipedia]
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BS 5295 Class 1
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US FED STD 209 Class 1
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US FED STD 209 Class 1,000
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US FED STD 209 Class 10
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US FED STD 209 Class 10,000
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US FED STD 209 Class 100
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US FED STD 209 Class 100,000
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BS 5295 Class 2
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BS 5295 Class 3
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BS 5295 Class 4
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The plug socket and plug shielded for pH electrodes as specified by DIN 19262. [Allotrope]
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A machine used to automatically produce a sequence readout from a biological DNA sample. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: Daly
Detector consisting of an off-axis conversion dynode, scintillator, and photomultiplier. The dynode at high potential emits secondary electrons when ions impinge on the surface. The secondary electrons are accelerated onto the scintillator that produces light that is then detected by the photomultiplier detector, which can be outside the vacuum system. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: Daly
Detector consisting of an off-axis conversion dynode, scintillator, and photomultiplier. The dynode at high potential emits secondary electrons when ions impinge on the surface. The secondary electrons are accelerated onto the scintillator that produces light that is then detected by the photomultiplier detector, which can be outside the vacuum system. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: double surface condenser
A Davies condenser is similar to the Liebig condenser, but with three concentric glass tubes instead of two. The coolant circulates in both the outer jacket and the central tube. This increases the cooling surface, so that the condenser can be shorter than an equivalent Liebig condenser. [Wikipedia]
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A Dimroth condenser is somewhat similar to the "coil condenser"; it has an internal double spiral through which coolant flows such that the coolant inlet and outlet are both at the top. The vapors travel through the jacket from bottom to top. Dimroth condensers are more effective than conventional coil condensers. [Wikipedia]
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EN 1822 filter class E10
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EN 1822 filter class E11
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EN 1822 filter class E12
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Filtration code according to international standard EN 1822. [Allotrope]
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Filtration code according to international standard EN 799. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: conical flask
An Erlenmeyer flask or conical flask is a type of laboratory flask which features a flat bottom, a conical body, and a cylindrical neck. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: ET detector
A detector used in scanning electron microscopy experiments to detect secondary electrons. The detector consists of a scintillator inside a Faraday cage inside the specimen chamber of the microscope. A low positive voltage is applied to the Faraday cage to attract the relatively low-energy (less than 50 eV) secondary electrons. [CHMO]
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The F connector is a coaxial RF connector commonly used for over the air terrestrial television, cable television and universally for satellite television and cable modems, usually with RG-6/U cable or, in older installations, with RG-59/U cable. [Wikipedia]
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previous DIN EN 799 filter class F5, equivalent to M5
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previous DIN EN 799 filter class F6, equivalent to M6
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EN 799 filter class F7
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EN 799 filter class F8
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EN 799 filter class F9
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synonyms: Faraday cup detector, Faraday cup ion detector
Conducting cup or chamber that intercepts a charged particle beam and is electrically connected to a current measuring device. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: Faraday cup detector, Faraday cup ion detector
Conducting cup or chamber that intercepts a charged particle beam and is electrically connected to a current measuring device. [IUPAC]
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A Fernbach flask is a type of flask suited for large volume cell culture where the culture requires a large surface area to volume ratio. Typically, they are baffled on the bottom in order to maximize oxygen transfer to the culture medium. [Wikipedia]
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A flask with a round body and one longer neck without a ground glass joint. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: FT-IR spectrometer, FTIR spectrometer, FTIR spectrophotometer
A piece of apparatus consisting of an infrared laser, an interferometer and a detector, which is used to measure vibrational spectra in the infrared range. The spectrometer measures the amount of infrared radiation not absorbed by the sample, and the application of a Fourier transform converts the resulting time domain digital signal into a frequency domain digital signal. [CHMO]
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synonyms: FT Raman, fourier transform raman, Fourier transform raman
A Fourier transform Raman spectrometer is a type of Raman spectrometer that applies Fourier transformation to the time domain signal in order to convert it to the frequency domain. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: FT-ICR-MS
Mass spectrometer based on the principle of ion cyclotron resonance in which an ion in a magnetic field moves in a circular orbit at the cyclotron frequency that is characteristic of its m/z value. Ions are coherently excited to a larger radius orbit using a pulse of radio frequency electric field, and their image charge is detected on receiver plates as a time domain signal. Fourier transformation of the time domain signal results in a frequency domain signal that is converted to a mass spectrum based on the inverse relationship between cyclotron frequency and m/z. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: FT-ICR-MS
Mass spectrometer based on the principle of ion cyclotron resonance in which an ion in a magnetic field moves in a circular orbit at the cyclotron frequency that is characteristic of its m/z value. Ions are coherently excited to a larger radius orbit using a pulse of radio frequency electric field, and their image charge is detected on receiver plates as a time domain signal. Fourier transformation of the time domain signal results in a frequency domain signal that is converted to a mass spectrum based on the inverse relationship between cyclotron frequency and m/z. [IUPAC]
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A Friedrichs condenser, a spiraled finger condenser, consists of a large, spiraled internal cold finger-type capillary tube disposed within a wide cylindrical housing. Coolant flows through the internal cold finger; accordingly, vapors rising up through the housing must pass along the spiraled path. [Wikipedia]
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EN 799 filter class G1
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EN 799 filter class G2
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EN 799 filter class G3
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EN 799 filter class G4
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A GC system is a device system that has a gas chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
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Code from the GMP EU cleanroom classification.
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GMP EU Grade A
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GMP EU Grade B
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GMP EU Grade C
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GMP EU Grade D
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synonyms: Grahams condenser, Inland Revenue condenser
A Graham condenser has a coolant-jacketed spiral coil running the length of the condenser serving as the vapor/condensate path. [Wikipedia]
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EN 1822 filter class H13
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EN 1822 filter class H14
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synonyms: HVAC, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system
A system to maintain a controlled and acceptable thermal comfort and air quality. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: HVAC, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning, heating, ventilating, and air conditioning system
A system to maintain a controlled and acceptable thermal comfort and air quality. [OSTHUS]
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A Hirsch funnel is a piece of laboratory equipment used in filtration similar in design to a Büchner funnel. It is used similarly, but for smaller quantities of material. The main difference is that the plate of a Hirsch funnel is much smaller, and the walls of the funnel angle outward instead of being vertical. [Wikipedia]
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 1
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Code from the ISO 14644-1 cleanroom standard
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 2
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 3
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 4
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 5
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 6
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 7
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 8
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ISO 14644 Class ISO 9
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 1 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 2 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 3 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 4 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 5 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 6 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 7 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 8 standard. [Allotrope]
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Cleanroom that statisfies ISO 14644 class 9 standard. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometry cell
A titration cell used for Karl Fischer analysis. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer
A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometer, Karl Fischer coulometric titrator
A Karl-Fischer coulometer is a piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell with an anodic compartment containing sulfur dioxide (SO2), iodide and a cathodic compartment containing the sample, which is used to determine trace amounts of water in a sample by measuring the time and current flow required to reach the titration end-point. [CHMO]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometer, Karl Fischer coulometric titrator
A piece of apparatus, consisting of an electrolytic cell with an anodic compartment containing sulfur dioxide (SO2), iodide and a cathodic compartment containing the sample, which is used to determine trace amounts of water in a sample by measuring the time and current flow required to reach the titration end-point. [CHMO]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer coulometry cell
A titration cell used for Karl Fischer analysis. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer homogeniser, Karl Fischer homogenizer
A homogenizer that is used in the case of Karl Fischer analysis to aid in sample dissolution. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Karl Fischer titrator
A Karl-Fischer titrator is a titrator designed for Karl-Fischer titrations. [Allotrope]
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A piece of apparatus, consisting of a crucible (made of pyrolytic boron nitride, quartz, tungsten or graphite), heating filaments, a water cooling system, which is used to measure very low vapor pressures by measuring the mass of vapor which escapes when the vessel contains a liquid in equilibrium with its vapor. It is also used as a source evaporator during crystal growth e.g. during molecular-beam epitaxy. [CHMO]
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A short-path vacuum distillation apparatus consisting of an electric heater and two or more glass bulbs. The compound to be distilled is placed in the last bulb. [CHMO]
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synonyms: limulus amebocyte lysate plate reader
Plate reader using LAL tests. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: liquid chromatography system
A LC system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
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A system that has a liquid chromatograph and an ultra-violet detector component. [Allotrope]
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A LC-UV system is a device system that has a liquid chromatograph and an ultra-violet detector component. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: Metrohm connector
LEMO is a push-pull connector made by the LEMO company. LEMO connectors are used in medical, industrial, audio/visual, telecommunications, military, scientific research and measurement applications. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: hot wire detector, surface ionisation detector, surface ionization detector
A Langmuir–Taylor detector, also called surface ionization detector or hot wire detector, is a kind of detector developed by Taylor based on the work of Langmuir and Kingdon. This detector usually consists of a heated thin filament or ribbon of a metal with a high work function (typically tungsten or rhenium). Neutral atoms or molecules that strike the filament can boil off as positive ions in a process known as surface ionization, and these may be either measured as a current or detected, individually, using an electron multiplier and particle counting electronics. [Wikipedia]
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The condenser known as the Liebig type, a most basic circulating fluid-cooled design popularized by von Liebig consisted of an inner, straight tube surrounded by an outer straight tube, with the outer tube having ports for fluid inflow and outflow, and with the two tubes sealed in some fashion at the ends (eventually, by a blown glass ring seal). [Wikipedia]
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EN 799 filter class M5
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EN 799 filter class M6
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Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrograph in which a deflection of π/(4√2) rad in a radial electrostatic energy analyzer is followed by a magnetic deflection of π/2 rad. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrograph in which a deflection of π/(4√2) rad in a radial electrostatic energy analyzer is followed by a magnetic deflection of π/2 rad. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: Meker burner, meker burner, meker-fisher burner
A Meker-Fisher burner or Meker burner is a laboratory burner that produces multiple open gas flames, used for heating, sterilization, and combustion. It is used when laboratory work requires a hotter flame than attainable using a Bunsen burner, or used when a larger-diameter flame is desired, such as with an inoculation loop or in some glassblowing operations. [Wikipedia]
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Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrometer in which a deflection of π/2 rad in a radial electro static energy analyzer is combined with a magnetic deflection of π/3 rad, thus providing a single point of focus for ions of the same m/z but with spreads in both trajectory direction and translational energy. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Arrangement for a double-focusing mass spectrometer in which a deflection of π/2 rad in a radial electro static energy analyzer is combined with a magnetic deflection of π/3 rad, thus providing a single point of focus for ions of the same m/z but with spreads in both trajectory direction and translational energy. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: DNA amplifier, polymerase chain reaction instrument
An instrument to perform the polymerase chain reaction. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: PCR plate
A PCR microplate is a flat plate with multiple "wells" used as small test tubes for PCR processes. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: block, qPCR reaction block, qPCR block, reaction block, PCR block
A PCR reaction block is a container for samples used in PCR instruments. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: PTV injector
Temperature controlled sample introduction inlet. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: PTV injector
Temperature controlled sample introduction inlet. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: QIT, QUISTOR, quadrupole ion storage trap, quadrupole ion trap
Ion trapping device that depends on the application of radio frequency potentials between a ring electrode and two end-cap electrodes to confine the ion motion to a cyclic path described by an appropriate form of the Mathieu equation. The choice of these potentials determines the m/z value below which ions are not trapped. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: QIT, QUISTOR, quadrupole ion storage trap, quadrupole ion trap
Ion trapping device that depends on the application of radio frequency potentials between a ring electrode and two end-cap electrodes to confine the ion motion to a cyclic path described by an appropriate form of the Mathieu equation. The choice of these potentials determines the m/z value below which ions are not trapped. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Ion trapping device using a static magnetic field and a static electric potential well. The magnetic field confines the ion motion to circular orbits around the magnetic force line direction, which aligns with the direction of the trap axis, whereas the electric potential well confines the ion motion axially. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Ion trapping device using a static magnetic field and a static electric potential well. The magnetic field confines the ion motion to circular orbits around the magnetic force line direction, which aligns with the direction of the trap axis, whereas the electric potential well confines the ion motion axially. [IUPAC]
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A Perkin triangle distillation apparatus uses a series of Teflon valves to allow the distilled fractions to be isolated from the distillation flask without the main body of the distillation set-up being removed from either the vacuum or the heat source, and thus can remain in a state of reflux. To do this, the distillate receiver vessel is first isolated from the vacuum by means of the Teflon valves. The vacuum over the sample is then replaced with an inert gas (such as nitrogen or argon) and the distillate receiver can then be stoppered and removed from the system. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: Petri plate, cell-culture dish
A Petri dish is a shallow cylindrical glass or plastic lidded dish that biologists use to culture cells or small mosses. [Wikipedia]
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Transmission quadrupole device in which a sinusoidal radio frequency (RF) potential is applied between the connected pairs of opposite rod electrodes in a linear quadrupole, providing a transmission device for all ions with m/z values above a cut-off value. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Transmission quadrupole device in which a sinusoidal radio frequency (RF) potential is applied between the connected pairs of opposite rod electrodes in a linear quadrupole, providing a transmission device for all ions with m/z values above a cut-off value. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: serial plug
RS-232 is a standard for serial communication transmission of data. It formally defines the signals connecting between a computer terminal, and a data communication equipment, such as a modem. The RS-232 standard is commonly used in computer serial ports. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: Raman microspectrometer
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a Raman spectrometer coupled to an optical microscope, which is used to measure Raman spectra. [CHMO]
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A Raman spectrometer is a piece of apparatus that allows for the measurement of Raman spectra. It consists of a laser and a detector. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: supercritical-fluid chromatography system
A SFC system is a device system that has a supercritical fluid chromatograph component. [Allotrope]
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A flask used as a reaction vessel in air-sensitive chemistry. It is made of glass and has a side arm fitted with a PTFE or ground glass stopcock which allows the vessel to be evacuated or filled with gas (e.g. nitrogen or argon). [CHMO]
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A tube used as a reaction vessel in air-sensitive chemistry. It is made of glass and has a side arm fitted with a PTFE or ground glass stopcock which allows the vessel to be evacuated or filled with gas (e.g. nitrogen or argon). [CHMO]
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synonyms: Sieverts apparatus, volumetric hydrogen storage capacity apparatus
A piece of apparatus, consisting of a gas manifold with a series of tubes and valves connecting the sample chamber to one or more pressure reservoirs of known volume, used for measuring the thermodynamics of hydrogen sorption onto metal samples. [CHMO]
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A Snyder column is an extremely effective air-cooled column used in selected fractional distillations. It is a single glass tube with a series of circular indentations/restrictions in the walls of the cylinder (e.g., 3 or 6) in which rest, inverted, the same number of roughly tear-shaped, hollow, sealed glass stoppers; above each point where an inverted tear-shaped stopper rests, the cylinder has further Vigreux-type indentations, in this case serving to limit how high the glass stopper can be raised (by vapor flow) above its resting place, where, when not raised, it seals the circular opening created by the circular indentation. These floating glass stoppers act as check valves, closing and opening with vapor flow, and enhancing vapor-condensate mixing. [Wikipedia]
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The Teclu burner is a laboratory gas burner, a variant of the Bunsen burner, named after the Romanian chemist Nicolae Teclu. It can produce a hotter flame than a Bunsen burner. [Wikipedia]
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The Thiele tube is a laboratory glassware designed to contain and heat an oil bath. Such a setup is commonly used in the determination of the melting point of a substance. The apparatus itself resembles a glass test tube with an attached handle. [Wikipedia]
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EN 1822 filter class U15
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EN 1822 filter class U16
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EN 1822 filter class U17
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The UK 3-pin connector follows the british standard of BS 1363 which specifies the common single-phase AC power plugs and sockets that are used in the United Kingdom. [Allotrope]
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Code from the US FED STD 209E cleanroom standard.
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synonyms: universal serial bus, usb
Universal Serial Bus (USB) is an industry standard developed in the mid-1990s that defines the cables, connectors and communications protocols used in a bus for connection, communication, and power supply between computers and electronic devices. [Wikipedia]
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A UV lamp is a light source with an ultraviolet wavelength range of 190 to 380 nm. [Allotrope]
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A Vigreux column is a type of air condenser where a glass blower has modified the simple tube to include an abundance of downward-pointing indentations, thus dramatically increasing the surface area per unit length of the condenser. [Wikipedia]
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A variant of the Liebig condenser having a more slender design, with cone and socket. The fused-on narrower coolant jacket may render more efficient cooling with respect to coolant consumption. [Wikipedia]
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A Widmer column is a complex type of air condenser combining Golodetz-type concentric tubes and the Dufton-type glass rod-and-wound-spiral at its center. [Wikipedia]
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Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC MS REC, Allotrope]
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Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC MS REC, OSTHUS]
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Mass analyzer in which m/z separation is achieved using crossed electric and magnetic fields. [IUPAC]
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An X-ray device is a device that creates, manipulates, or measures X-ray radiation. [Wikipedia]
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A piece of apparatus which illuminates a sample with X-rays and measures the diffraction pattern produced. It typically will contain at least one monochromator to ensure the incident radiation is of a specific energy, a goniometer which allows the geometry of the sample and detector to be precisely specified, and a detector. [CHMO]
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A device that produces specular reflection of X-rays. All known types work only at angles near grazing incidence, and only a small fraction of the rays are reflected. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: X-Ray photoelectron spectrometer, XPS spectrometer
A piece of apparatus, consisting of an X-ray source, an analyser and a detector, which is used to measure the photoelectron emission of samples bombarded with X-rays. [CHMO]
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A piece of apparatus which illuminates a powder sample with X-rays, electrons or neutrons and measures the diffraction pattern produced. It typically will contain at least one monochromator to ensure the incident radiation is of a specific energy, a goniometer which allows the geometry of the sample and detector to be precisely specified, and a detector. [CHMO]
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synonyms: X-ray generator
A device that is used to generate X-rays. [CHMO]
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synonyms: X-Ray spectrometer
A piece of apparatus used to measure the absorption or emission of X-rays. [CHMO]
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An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that contains the X-ray source. [Allotrope]
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Plate reader that uses absorbance detection. A light source illuminates the sample using a specific wavelength (selected by an optical filter, or a monochromator), and a light detector located on the other side of the well measures how much of the initial (100%) light is transmitted through the sample: the amount of transmitted light will typically be related to the concentration of the molecule of interest. [Wikipedia]
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Many chemicals can be removed from exhaust gas also by using absorber material. The flue gas is passed through a cartridge which is filled with one or several absorber materials and has been adapted to the chemical properties of the components to be removed. The absorber material has to be replaced after its surface is saturated. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: AMS
A mass spectrometer that uses the acceleration mass spectrometry technique. [Allotrope]
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Acid digestion hoods are typically constructed of polypropylene in order to resist the corrosive effects of acids at high concentrations. If hydrofluoric acid is being used in the hood, the hood's glass sash should be constructed of polycarbonate which resists etching. Hood ductwork should be lined with polypropylene or coated with PTFE (Teflon). [Wikipedia]
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An agitator is a device or mechanism to put something into motion. [Wikipedia]
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A particulate air filter is a device composed of fibrous materials which removes solid particulates such as dust, pollen, mould, and bacteria from the air. [Wikipedia]
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A small room with interlocked doors, constructed to maintain air pressure control between adjoining rooms (generally with different air cleanliness standards). The intent of an aseptic processing airlock is to preclude ingress of particulate matter and microorganism contamination from a lesser controlled area. [FDA]
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A condenser that is using air for cooling. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: AGHIS
All-glass inlet system for ion sources operating under vacuum that can be heated to about 500 °C and allows low vapor pressure materials to be introduced into the mass spectrometer without breaking vacuum. [IUPAC MS REC]
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synonyms: AGHIS
All-glass inlet system for ion sources operating under vacuum that can be heated to about 500 °C and allows low vapor pressure materials to be introduced into the mass spectrometer without breaking vacuum. [IUPAC]
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An X-ray source where aluminium atoms emit X-rays through a 1s from 2p transition. [CHMO]
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An aluminum lid is a lid that is made of aluminum. [Allotrope]
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An aluminum pan is a pan made of aluminum. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: ammonium electrode
An ammonia electrode measures the NH4+ ion directly in solution. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: ammonia sensor
An ammonium sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a ammonium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]
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A piece of apparatus that can increase the power of a signal. [CHMO]
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synonyms: ampul, ampule, ampulla
An ampoule is a small sealed vial which is used to contain and preserve a sample, usually a solid or liquid. Ampoules are commonly made of glass, although plastic ampoules do exist. [Wikipedia]
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Definition pending. [0]
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An analog readout is a readout where values are indicated by a pointer against a scale or dial. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: A to D, A/D, A/D converter, ADC, analog to digital converter, analogue to digital converter
Analog-to-digital converter is an electronic integrated circuit that converts continuous signals to discrete digital numbers. [Allotrope]
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An analog-to-digital converter channel is a special type of channel that belongs to an analog-to-digital converter. Usually there are several channels for one converter. [Allotrope]
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An analytical balance has a capacity of 50 - 200 g with a precision of 0.01 - 0.05 mg. [IUPAC]
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An analytical balance has a capacity of 50 - 200 g with a precision of 0.01 - 0.05 mg. [IUPAC Orange Book]
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A centrifuge used for analytical centrifugation. During the centrifugation the sample can be monitored in real time through an optical detection system. [Allotrope]
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A chromatography column used for analysis. [Allotrope]
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In an analytical ultracentrifuge, a sample being spun can be monitored in real time through an optical detection system, using ultraviolet light absorption and/or interference optical refractive index sensitive system. [Wikipedia]
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A chromatography column where the stationary phase is an anion exchanger. [CHMO]
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The anode is the electrode that acts as positive pole if voltage is applied (place of oxidation). [Allotrope]
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synonyms: scatter slit
An anti scatter slit is a slit that is used for controlling the width of incident X-rays. It determines the observed length on the sample. [Allotrope]
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The antistatic device removes charge from the device it is attached to. [Allotrope]
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An aperture is an inhibition device that is a small opening with the function of limiting the passage of matter or energy. [Allotrope]
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A array card block is a container that uses microfluidic cards to load and accept well plates. [Allotrope]
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An array column is a column that contains multiple columns at the same time. [Allotrope]
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Detector comprising several elements, arranged in a line or grid where each element is an individual detector. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Detector comprising several elements, arranged in a line or grid where each element is an individual detector. [IUPAC]
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An artifact is a material that is designed and built for a purpose. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: engineered system
A system that is created for a specific purpose. [Allotrope]
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The classified part of a facility that includes the aseptic processing room and ancillary cleanrooms. [FDA]
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A building, or segregated segment of it, containing cleanrooms in which air supply, materials, and equipment are regulated to control microbial and particle contamination. [FDA]
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A room in which one or more aseptic activities or processes is performed. [FDA]
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synonyms: associated component
Associated components are packaging components that are typically intended to deliver the dosage form to the patient but are not stored in contact with the dosage form for its entire shelf life. These components are packaged separately in the market package and are either attached to the container upon opening or used only when a dose is to be administered. [FDA]
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synonyms: normal pressure
Atmospheric pressure is a pressure within a system that is equal to the environment that surrounds that system. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: normal pressure
Atmospheric pressure is a pressure within a system that is equal to the environment that surrounds that system. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: APCI source
A ion source that implements tha atmospheric pressure chemical ionization method. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: AVB
An atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB) is a backflow prevention device used in plumbing to prevent backflow of non-potable liquids into the drinking water system. It is usually constructed of brass and resembles a 90-degree elbow with a hood on its top to allow air to enter the water system if a siphon attempts to form. Inside this elbow is a poppet valve that is held "up" by the water pressure found in the system, closing the air entrance to the device. If the pressure in the "upstream side" is reduced to atmospheric pressure or below, the poppet valve drops and allows air to enter the system, breaking the siphon. [Wikipedia]
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A piece of apparatus, consisting of a light source that emits light at element-specific wavelengths, a sample aspirator, a flame or furnace apparatus for volatilising the sample, and a photon detector, that is used to measure the atomic absorption spectrum of a sample. Atoms in the sample of a specific wavelength will absorb light produced by the lamp before it reaches the detector, and the amount of light absorbed depends on the quantity of the element present in the sample. [CHMO]
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synonyms: AFM
A microscope which uses a sharp spike (known as a 'tip') mounted on the end of a cantilever to scan the surface of the specimen. An image of the surface is obtained by mechanically moving the probe in a raster scan of the specimen, line by line, and recording the force experienced by the tip as a function of position. A feedback loop is used to maintain a fixed relationship between the tip and surface during scanning. [CHMO]
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synonyms: AFM cantilever, AFM lever, atomic force microscope cantilever
A cantilever used in atomic force microscopy to transmit force from the tip to a recording device. [CHMO]
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synonyms: AFM probe, atomic force microscope probe
A sharp spike mounted on the end of a cantilever which is used to scan the surface of a specimen in atomic force microscopy. [CHMO]
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synonyms: AFM tip, atomic force microscope (AFM) tip, atomic force microscope tip
A sharp spike which is mounted on the end of a cantilever and used to scan the surface of a specimen in atomic force microscopy. [CHMO]
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A thick-walled steel vessel used during synthesis methods that require both high pressures and high temperatures. [CHMO]
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synonyms: autogenic mill
Autogenous or autogenic mills are so-called due to the self-grinding of the ore: a rotating drum throws larger rocks of ore in a cascading motion which causes impact breakage of larger rocks and compressive grinding of finer particles. It is similar in operation to a SAG mill as described below but does not use steel balls in the mill. Also known as ROM or "Run Of Mine" grinding. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: AS, automated sampler, autosampler module
A piece of equipment that allows for automated sampling or sample loading. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: position code
The position code gives the location on the autosampler. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: position code
The position code gives the location on the autosampler. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: counter electrode
An electrode that serves merely to carry the current flowing through an electrochemical cell. [CHMO]
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A linear ion trap mass spectrometer where ions are ejected along the axis of the analyzer. [PSI-MS]
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Axial-flow fans have blades that force air to move parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate. [Wikipedia]
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A backflow prevention device is used to protect potable water supplies from contamination or pollution due to backflow. [Wikipedia]
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A backpressure regulator is a pressure regulator that regulates a defined pressure upstream of itself (at its own inlet). [Allotrope]
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A flexible container with an opening at the top used for carrying things. [Allotrope]
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A balance is a weighing device, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]
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Definition pending. [0]
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A balance is a weighing instrument, intended predominantly for medium to low capacity weighments, with moderate to high resolutions, mostly used indoors. [Allotrope]
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A typical type of fine grinder is the ball mill. A slightly inclined or horizontal rotating cylinder is partially filled with balls, usually stone or metal, which grinds material to the necessary fineness by friction and impact with the tumbling balls. Ball mills normally operate with an approximate ball charge of 30%. Ball mills are characterized by their smaller (comparatively) diameter and longer length, and often have a length 1.5 to 2.5 times the diameter. [Wikipedia]
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A banana connector (commonly banana plug for the male, banana socket or banana jack for the female) is a single-wire (one conductor) electrical connector used for joining wires to equipment. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: barcode scanner
A barcode reader (or barcode scanner) is an electronic device for reading printed barcodes. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: bare silica capillary, uncoated silica capillary
A bare fused silica capillary has no coatings on its inner or outer surface. [Allotrope]
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A device that separates things. [Allotrope]
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Barrier isolator is a general term that includes two types of devices: Isolators and Restricted Access Barriers (RABS). Both are devices that provide a physical and aerodynamic (air overpressure) barrier between the external clean room environment and a work process. [Wikipedia]
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A basket is a container with a mesh structure used to hold solid objects. [Allotrope]
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A vessel used for regulating the temperature of something placed within it. [Allotrope]
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A rack for keeping samples in place in a bath. [Allotrope]
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A bath where the temperature is controlled by an external circulator. [Allotrope]
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A beaker is a simple container for stirring, mixing and heating liquids commonly used in many laboratories. Beakers are generally cylindrical in shape, with a flat bottom. Most also have a small spout (or "beak") to aid pouring. [Wikipedia]
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A balance in which the load receptors are supported by bearings or joints at the ends of a balance beam, and where the balance beam is supported by a bearing or a joint between its ends. If the beam balance has only one lever, it is referred to as a single-beam balance; if it has several levers which are connected by links, it is called a combination beam balance. Single-beam balances are subdivided into two-knife balances and three-knife balances. Beam balances can be designed as equal-arm (ratio of mechanical advantage 1:1) or as unequal-arm balance (other ratios of mechanical advantage). [DOWT]
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A beam balance is a balance consisting of a lever with two equal arms and a load receptor suspended from each arm. [Allotrope]
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Mass spectrometer in which an ion beam accelerated from the ion source is transmitted through a m/z analyzer, or analyzers, to the detector. [IUPAC MS REC]
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Mass spectrometer in which an ion beam accelerated from the ion source is transmitted through a m/z analyzer, or analyzers, to the detector. [IUPAC]
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A beam splitter is an optical device that splits a beam of light in two. [Wikipedia]
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A bell jar is a glass jar, similar in shape to a bell, and can be manufactured from a variety of materials (ranging from glass to different types of metals). Bell jars are often used in laboratories to form and contain a vacuum; they may also serve as display cases or transparent dust covers. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: pair of bellows
A bellows is a device constructed to furnish a strong blast of air. The simplest type consists of a flexible bag comprising a pair of rigid boards with handles joined by flexible leather sides enclosing an approximately airtight cavity which can be expanded and contracted by operating the handles, and fitted with a valve allowing air to fill the cavity when expanded, and with a tube through which the air is forced out in a stream when the cavity is compressed. [Wikipedia]
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A bellows pump forces fluid from an inlet to a discharge area by bellows. [Allotrope]
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A bellows pump forces fluid from an inlet to a discharge area by bellows. [OSTHUS]
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synonyms: workbench
A bench is a large table in a workspace or laboratory. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: benchtop equipment
A device that can be placed on a laboratory bench. [Allotrope]
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A low frequency nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that is significantly more compact and portable than the conventional free standing equivalents. [Allotrope]
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A channel that transports signals both from and into the device. [Allotrope]
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A binary pump is a type of pump that combines two pumps connected to a mixing chamber to deliver the desired mobile phase. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: fortebio
A bio-layer interferometer is a device that allows for measurements using bio-layer interferometry (BLI) which is a label-free technology for measuring biomolecular interactions within the interactome. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: biological artifact
A biological artifact is an artifact of primary biological nature that is created by biological processes or involving organisms. [Allotrope]
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A bioreactor is a vessel that is used for chemical processes involving biochemically active substances. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: BSC, biological safety cabinet, microbiological safety cabinet, ventilated storage cabinet
A biosafety cabinet is an enclosed, ventilated laboratory workspace for safely working with materials contaminated with (or potentially contaminated with) pathogens requiring a defined biosafety level. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: BLI biosensor tip, biolayer interferometry biosensor tip
A biosensor tip is coated with a layer of immobilized protein. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: blender, knife mill, propeller grinder
A blade grinder is a machine that chops material while mixing it, by means of a high-speed spinning blade. [Wikipedia]
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A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas measurement. [Allotrope]
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A blood gas analyzer is a device that is used for blood gas or cell culture gas and pH measurement. [Allotrope]
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A bob is an agitator with either a flat or conical bottom surface. [Allotrope]
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A boiling tube is a small cylindrical vessel used to strongly heat substances in the flame of a Bunsen burner. A boiling tube is essentially a scaled-up test tube, being about 50% larger. [Wikipedia]
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A bottle is a rigid container with a neck that is narrower than the body and a mouth. [Wikipedia]
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A bottle dispenser is a pumping device (manual or motorized) utilized to aliquot smaller quantities of a reagent or other solution of interest from a larger available stock. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: tube roller
A device that rolls tubes or bottles. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: bright-field optical microscope, transmitted light microscope, transmitted-light microscope
A piece of apparatus, consisting of an eyepiece, an objective lens, a condenser lens, stage, and light source, which collects electromagnetic radiation in the visible range. The specimen is illuminated with visible light transmitted from a source on the opposite side of the specimen from the objective. [CHMO]
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synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe
Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Allotrope]
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synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe
Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Allotrope]
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synonyms: dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe
Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Amgen]
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A tray that is used to hold buffers. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: disk mill
A buhrstone mill is a mill for grinding or pulverizing grain. A flat buhrstone rotates on a stationary stone to generate pressure and shear forces. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: buret
A burette (also buret) is a device used in analytical chemistry for the dispensing of variable, measured amounts of a chemical solution. [Wikipedia]
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A mechanical device that burns a gas or liquid fuel into a flame in a controlled manner. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: bypass CAV ducted hood, conventional hood
Bypass CAV hoods were developed to overcome the high velocity issues that affect conventional fume hoods. These hood allows air to be pulled through a "bypass" opening from above as the sash closes. The bypass is located so that as the user closes the sash, the bypass opening gets larger. The air going through the hood maintains a constant volume no matter where the sash is positioned and without changing fan speeds. As a result, the energy consumed by CAV fume hoods (or rather, the energy consumed by the building HVAC system and the energy consumed by the hood's exhaust fan) remains constant, or near constant, regardless of sash position. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: sampling valve, valve injector
Definition pending. [0]
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synonyms: sampling valve, valve injector
A device in which the sample is first introduced into a chamber (loop), temporarily isolated from the mobile phase system by valves, which can be switched to make an instantaneous diversion of the mobile phase stream through the chamber to carry the sample to the column. [IUPAC]
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synonyms: closed bench, safety enclosure
A work space that is closed to protect from hazards like toxic fumes or explosions. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: calcium sensor
A calcium ion sensor is a metabolite sensor that observes the concentration of a calcium ions within a solution. [Allotrope]
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The calomel cell is based on the reaction between elemental mercury and mercury(I) chloride. The aqueous phase in contact with the mercury(I) chloride (Hg2Cl2, "calomel") is a saturated solution of potassium chloride in water. [Wikipedia]
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A piece of apparatus that is used to measure the heat of chemical reactions or physical changes. [CHMO]
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synonyms: exhaust canopy
Canopy fume hoods are similar to the range hoods found over stoves in commercial and some residential kitchens. They have only a canopy (and no enclosure and no sash) and are designed for venting non-toxic materials such as non-toxic smoke, steam, heat, and odors. [Wikipedia]
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synonyms: lid
A cap is a protective lid or cover. [Allotrope]
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A capillary is a tube with a small diameter. [Allotrope]
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A capillary array column is an array column that contains multiple capillaries. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: capillary cassette, cartridge, cassette
The capillary cartridge contains the capilary. The cartridge can easily be plugged into the capillary electrophoresis instrument. [Allotrope]
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A piece of apparatus that has the form of a tube with a diameter of less than a millimeter and hosts the stationary bed in chromatography. [CHMO]
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A capillary electrophoresis column is a type of column that is used in capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
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A capillary electrophoresis instrument is a device that allows measurements based on the experimental method of capillary electrophoresis. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: capillary
A resistive narrow cylindrical conduit used to conduct gases and ions and is capable of almost instantanious polarity switching. [Allotrope]
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synonyms: capillary
A resistive narrow cylindrical conduit used to conduct gases and ions and is capable of almost instantanious polarity switching. [Merck]
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A capillary stage is a type of sample stage that carries liquid or volatile samples in capillaries. [Allotrope]
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