The peak multiplicity observed for a coupled system in a chemical moeity. [Allotrope]
A low frequency nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that is significantly more compact and portable than the conventional free standing equivalents. [Allotrope]
benchtop nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer
One of two small coiled electromagnets that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. The outer coil is the second RF coil of two wound on top of each other, the one furtherest away from the sample that is least tightly coupled to the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance probe outer RF coil
dual broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe
2024-09-11 Changed [Amgen] attribution to [Allotrope] and fixed typo in prefLabel.
Tunable NMR spectrometer probe containing at least one channel with a broad tuning range. One RF channel is generally optimized for 1H observation and decoupling and not broadband, but can sometines be tuned to 19F. The second RF channel is generally used for the observation of nuclei other than 1H (eg. 13C, 15N). [Allotrope]
broadband nuclear magnetic resonance probe
The sample-tube holds the NMR sample and sits in the NMR probe. It is usually a fused quartz tube of 1.7 to 20 mm diameter. [Allotrope]
2024-09-11 Changed [Amgen] attribution to [Allotrope].
A Shigemi tube is a microscale NMR tube that uses susceptibility-matched glass to reduce the sample size within the RF coil region. Shigemi tubes may be appropriate for mass-limited sample. [Allotrope]
The inner dewar of the NMR spectrometer containing the liquid helium. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer inner dewar
A dewar in the NMR spectrometer that surrounds the inner dewar and contains liquid nitrogen. [Allotrope]
NMR spectrometer probe where the sample remains at ambient or regulated temperature, and the probe RF coils and preamplifiers are typically cooled to around 10-15 K to aid in signal sensitivity and reducing the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio. [Allotrope]
A tank inside the NMR spectrometer to support the cooling of some of the NMR probe electronics down to superconducting temperatures. [Allotrope]
A device that firmly holds the NMR tube in place to avoid the sample wobble and sample field inhomogeneity in the magnetic field. The spinner is spun by nitrogen or anhydrous aid at about 20Hz inside the NMR spectrometer. The spinner also serves as a loosly fitting piston head so that the sample can be slowly inserted into and slowly retrieved from inside the NMR spectrometer via gas flow/pressure. [Allotrope]
One of two small coiled electromagnets that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. The inner coil is the first RF coil of two wound on top of each other, that is closest to the sample, that gives best sensitivity as it is closest to and most tightly coupled to the sample under investigation. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance probe inner RF coil
The small coiled electromagnet that perturbs the bulk magnetisation of a sample from equilibrium through a series of RF pulses and records the minute electrical signals as the bulk perturbed magnetisation relaxes back to its equilibrium state. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance probe RF coil
A rod exposed on the NMR probe to manually tune a broad band probe to an X nucleus. [Allotrope]
Tunable NMR spectrometer probe that may be tuned to pulse up to four nuclei in a single NMR experiment. [Allotrope]
quadruple nuclear magnetic resonance probe
The lock system is a device that locks the magnetic field strength of an NMR spectrometer at a desired, constant value. [Allotrope]
A solid state NMR spectrometer is a type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer that allows for measurement of solid samples. [Allotrope]
solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer
A double channel probe is a type of NMR tube that allows for measurements of two different nuclei at the same time. [Allotrope]
A triple channel probe is a type of NMR tube that allows for measurements of three different nuclei at the same time. [Allotrope]
A rotor is a type of NMR tube usually made of Zirconia that allows for solid state NMR measurements. It can rotate at high frequencies. [Allotrope]
A thin wall rotor is a type of ssNMR tube with a thin wall diameter. [Allotrope]
A rotor cap is a type of cap to seal ssNMR tubes. [Allotrope]
A thick wall rotor is a type of ssNMR tube with a thick wall diameter. [Allotrope]
A pulse generator is a device that generates electromagnetic pulses with a certain waveform. [Allotrope]
The magic angle spinning controller is a device that allows for setting up and controlling the properties of the magic angle spinning. [Allotrope]
A ceramic rotor is a type of ssNMR tube that consists of ceramic material. [Allotrope]
The size of the rotor is typically given by the outer diameter of the rotor, for example, 4.0 mm, 2.5 mm and 1.3 mm are standard rotor sizes.
A shim is a device that allows for adjustment of the homogeneity of a magnetic field. [Allotrope]
A standard bore magnet is a superconducting magnet that has a standard bore. [Allotrope]
A wide bore magnet is a superconducting magnet that has a wide bore. [Allotrope]
A dimensionality reduction technique used in multidimensional NMR experiments. A nD NMR experiment is represented in n-1 dimensions by concerted, simultaneous interrogation of two spectral dimensions. [CHMO]
A heteronuclear NMR experiment in which magnetization arising from 1H nuclei is transferred to covalently bound heteronuclei, thereby enhancing the NMR signal of the heteronuclei. Selective pulses, that only excite or 'select' some of the signals in the spectrum are used in this experiment. [CHMO]
selective insensitive nuclei enhancement by polarization transfer
A type of spectroscopy where a microwave frequency pulse is used to saturate the electron resonance transitions in a sample, and a radio frequency pulse is used excite a nuclear transition. [CHMO]
pulsed electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear three-dimensional NMR experiment in which a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei which are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). These signals are then correlated to nuclei that are spatially proximate within the molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
correlation spectroscopy-nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
The nuclei being irradiated with an RF pulse is a different nuclei or the same nuclei and a different isotope that the nuclei being observed to relax back to equilibrium for generation of the NMR spectrum. [Allotrope]
A pulse cluster (a spin echo on 1H with inversion of 13C in the centre) used to achieve selective inversion of 12C-bound protons, thus achieving the removal of signals due to 12C-bound nuclei. For the pulse sequence see Chem. Phys. Lett., (1982), 93, pg 504. [CHMO]
bilinear rotation decoupling pulse sequence
A continuous sequence of pulses used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effects of heteronuclear dipolar coupling. For the pulse sequence see J. Chem. Phys., (1996), 103, pg 6951. [CHMO]
two pulse phase modulation pulse sequence
pulsed-field-gradient spin-echo NMR spectroscopy
An NMR experiment in which pulsed field gradients are applied to a spin echo sequence to cleanly and precisely excite particular resonances. Additionally, attenuation of signals occurs related to molecular diffusion allowing this technique to be used to determine self-diffusion coefficients. [CHMO]
pulsed field-gradient spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
gradient heteronuclear multiple bond coherence
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where pulsed-field gradients are used and a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between protons and nuclei which are 2-3 bonds removed. [CHMO]
gradient-selected heteronuclear multiple bond coherence
A type of spectroscopy where a microwave frequency pulse is used to saturate the electron resonance transitions in the 95Mo nuclei of a sample, and a radio frequency pulse is used excite a nuclear transition. [CHMO]
95Mo electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
An NMR experiment used to enhance the sensitivity of low gyromagnetic ratio nuclei by collapsing the intensity of the 'full' spectrum into discrete 'spikelets'/peaks. The intensities of the peaks vary according to the spin-spin relaxation rate (T2) and the envelope described by these peaks represents the full, static spectrum. The solid sample is spun rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field) to reduce line broadening. [CHMO]
quadrupole Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill using magic-angle spinning
An NMR experiment which measures spin-lattice (T1) relaxation rates by acquiring spectra at different delay times following inversion of the spin-state populations. [CHMO]
An NMR experiment in which differences in chemical shift are used to give information about the orientation of those spins with respect to the field and, thus, the orientation of the molecule. [CHMO]
J-resolved spectroscopy NMR spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear proton-proton NMR spectroscopy where chemical shift and J-coupling information are separated onto different frequency axes. [CHMO]
decoupling using mind boggling optimization
decoupling using mind-boggling optimization
A sequence of pulses used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effect of homonuclear dipolar couplings. For the pulse sequence see Chem. Phys. Lett., (2004), 398, pg 532. [CHMO]
decoupling using mind-boggling optimization pulse sequence
A phase cycle technique used in FT NMR experiments whereby the sense of application (or phase) of the RF pulses is altered on repeating the experiment to eliminate spectral artefacts. Exorcyle takes its name from the fact that it is used to remove 'phantom' and 'ghost' peaks. For the technique see J. Magn. Reson., (1977), 27, pg 511. [CHMO]
Hadamard nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
An NMR experiment in which multiple frequencies in an NMR spectrum are excited simultaneously over a broad frequency range using polychromatic pulses. [CHMO]
Hadamard-encoded nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
wideband, uniform rate and smooth truncation
An adiabatic shaped pulse incorporating a linear sweep through a frequency range used for selective inversion of spin state populations over wide ranges. For the pulse see J. Magn. Reson., Ser. A, (1995), 115, pg 273. [CHMO]
wideband, uniform rate and smooth truncation pulse
globally-optimized alternating phase rectangular pulse
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson., (1985), 64, pg 547. [CHMO]
globally optimized alternating phase rectangular pulse
Any type of NMR spectroscopy used to measure diffusion coefficients. [CHMO]
Any type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in which three independent frequency dimensions are employed for the correlation and dispersal of signals (by employing two magnetization transfer steps). Each signal is described by three frequencies, thus effecting the distribution of signals within a cube. [CHMO]
three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. Also used to allow transfer of magnetization between nuclei (by making the spins precess with at the same chemical shift and thus enjoy strong coupling - isotropic mixing). For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson., (1981), 43, pg 502. [CHMO]
An NMR experiment used to measure spin-spin (T2) relaxation times of quadropolar nucei by acquiring multiple spin echos with the intensity decay of the echos proportional to T2. In the solid state, this is also used to enhance sensitivity of low gyromagnetic ratio nuclei by collapsing the intensity of the 'full' spectrum into discrete 'spikelets'/peaks. The intensities of the peaks vary according to T2 and the envelope described by these peaks represents the full, static spectrum. [CHMO]
quadrupole Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill experiment
triple resonance nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
triple resonance nuclear magnetic spectroscopy
A type of NMR experiment in which excitation of the spin states of three different types of nuclei (1H, 13C and 15N) is employed. [CHMO]
heteronuclear Hartman-Hahn pulse sequence
An NMR pulse sequence used to transfer magnetization between protons and covalently bound (spin active) heteronuclei via isotropic mixing of their magnetization. Used to e.g. enhance the NMR signal of heteronuclei or to correlate chemical shifts of protons with heteronuclei. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson., (1991), 91, pg 444. [CHMO]
heteronuclear Hartmann Hahn pulse sequence
Burum-Linder-Ernst windowless pulse sequence
A sequence of pulses used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effect of homonuclear dipolar couplings. A train/sequence of pulses is used to cyclically manipulate the signal whilst stroboscopic sampling ensures the effects of coupling are unobserved. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson., (1981), 44, pg 173. [CHMO]
Burum, Linder, Ernst windowless pulse sequence
A technique used in 2D NMR of isotopically enriched samples (usually 13C/15N) to remove signals of protons which are not bound to a particular isotope from one of the two domains of the experiment. For the technique see J. Magn. Reson., (1986), 70, pg 500. [CHMO]
A pulse cluster used for solvent (water) suppression. The solvent resonances are selectively excited and pulsed field gradients used to destroy the signal. For the pulse sequence see J. Biomol. NMR, (1992), 2, pg 661. [CHMO]
water suppression through gradient tailored excitation
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and with the alpha-carbon and proton of the same residue. The experiment name describes the path taken by the magnetization during the experiment. [CHMO]
gas phase nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
gas-phase nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy in the gas phase where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. [CHMO]
Any type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in which four independent frequency dimensions are employed for the correlation and dispersal of signals (by employing three magnetization transfer steps). Each signal is described by four frequencies, thus effecting the distribution of signals within an axis of cubes. [CHMO]
four-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
An NMR technique used to edit the NMR response from a sample by selecting particular spin systems of interest according to the number of nuclei present within them. Usually achieved by appropriate cycling of the phase (direction of application) of the pulses in an experiment and of the receiver. [CHMO]
A type of NMR spectroscopy using a solid sample and a high resolution magnetic susceptibility matching probe. Anisotropic interactions between nuclei, which are usually averaged by Brownian motion in liquid samples, cause significant line broadening in solid state NMR, but can be averaged to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field). [CHMO]
A type of heteronuclear three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the proton signals of a 2D TOCSY spectrum are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to the chemical shift of their covalently bound heteronuclei. [CHMO]
heteronuclear single quantum coherence total correlation spectroscopy
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and the alpha-carbon and proton of the same residue. The experiment name describes the path taken by the magnetization during the experiment. [CHMO]
frequency switched Lee-Goldberg cross polarization
A magic angle spinning NMR dipolar recoupling technique used to determine dipolar couplings between 1H and 13C nuclei. A FSLG sequence is used to remove homonuclear couplings (by spin-locking the 1H nuclei) and polarization transfer from the protons to the 13C via dipolar coupling manifests as a splitting of the detected 13C signal. [CHMO]
frequency-switched Lee-Goldberg cross polarization
An NMR pulse sequence that decouples nuclei i.e. removes the effects of dipolar coupling or J-coupling from the spectrum. [CHMO]
2024-09-11 Replaced unlicensed definition with an Allotrope written one.
Water suppression is a nuclear magnetic resonance assay used to suppress the signal from water. [Allotrope]
satellite-transition magic angle spinning
satellite-transition magic-angle spinning
An NMR experiment where the selective excitation of central and satellite transitions during magic angle spinning is used for recording high-resolution NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei in solids. Central transitions are detected first, followed by satellite transitions. [CHMO]
satellite transition magic angle spinning
correlation spectroscopy-diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
A type of three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the signals of a 2D COSY spectrum are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to diffusion coefficient. [CHMO]
diffusion-ordered spectroscopy-correlation spectroscopy
Mansfield, Rhim, Elleman, Vaughn sequence
Mansfield-Rhim-Elleman-Vaughn pulse sequence
A pulse sequence used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effects of homonuclear dipolar coupling. For the pulse sequence see J. Chem. Phys., (1973), 59, pg 3740. [CHMO]
Mansfield, Rhim, Elleman, Vaughn pulse sequence
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei which are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). Thermal signals in the resulting spectra are then removed, whilst keeping the signals from para-hydrogen-derived protons intact. [CHMO]
only para-hydrogen spectroscopy correlation spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field with a defined gradient is used, either to select a particular signal or to render unwanted signals undetectable. [CHMO]
pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static (>300 MHz) magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
high-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear three-dimensional NMR experiment in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). These signals are then correlated with those protons to which they are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy-correlation spectroscopy
Truncation of the FID recorded either by insufficient acquisition time or by post acquisition processing. [Allotrope]
The application of a Phase Correction algorithm to a Fourier transform NMR spectra such that it is optimised to accommodate for the frequency independent time delay between excitation (the RF pulse) and relaxation (acquiring the FID) to give maximum values of the FID Fourier Transform complex number set. [Allotrope]
double quantum filtered correlation spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei which are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). The response is edited by selecting only two-spin coupled systems, usually achieved by appropriate cycling of the phase (direction of application) of the pulses in the experiment. [CHMO]
double-quantum-filtered correlation spectroscopy
The application of a mathematical operation to both the real and imaginary parts of the complex numbers represented by the FID recorded as the sample magnetisation vector relaxes from its excited state vector back to its equilibrium bulk magnetisation population as adjusted by the user set values. [Allotrope]
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used in to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and the carbonyl carbon of the preceding residue. [CHMO]
2024-09-11 Removed [Amgen] attribution as this is purely a [CHMO] term.
A pulse sequence used to selectively excite a frequency range by applying a series of very short pulses to manipulate, or nutate, the magnetization vectors of the desired spins, interspersed with delays which cause the off-resonance magnetisation not to be excited. For the pulse see J. Magn. Reson., (1978), 29, pg 433. [CHMO]
delays alternating with nutation for tailored excitation
two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
A 2D NMR experiment which correlates the chemical shifts of spatially proximate protons with the chemical shifts of all (of one type of) their covalently bound heteronuclei. [CHMO]
two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence-nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
An NMR experiment which measures the variation in amplitude of signals from dipolar-coupled nuclei over time, yielding information about the number of coupled nuclei in the system. [CHMO]
2D nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<=6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
2024-09-11 Replaced [nmrML] attribution with [Wikipedia] as this is the correct source.
Nuclear magnetic resonance decoupling (NMR decoupling for short) is a special method used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy where a sample to be analyzed is irradiated at a certain frequency or frequency range to eliminate fully or partially the effect of coupling between certain nuclei. NMR coupling refers to the effect of nuclei on each other in atoms within a couple of bonds distance of each other in molecules. This effect causes NMR signals in a spectrum to be split into multiple peaks which are up to several hertz (or tens or hundreds of hertz) frequency from each other. Decoupling fully or partially eliminates splitting of the signal between the nuclei irradiated and other nuclei such as the nuclei being analyzed in a certain spectrum. NMR spectroscopy and sometimes decoupling can help determine structures of chemical compounds. [Wikipedia]
para-hydrogen induced polarization enhanced NMR spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of protons derived from para-hydrogen (dihydrogen with an antisymmetric nuclear spin arrangement) placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. The non-Boltzmann spin population generated by para-hydrogen-derived protons gives rise to signal enhancement in the spectra, facilitating the detection of species present at low concentration. [CHMO]
para-hydrogen induced polarization enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
multiple-quantum excitation in combination with magic-angle spinning
An NMR experiment used for half-integer quadrupolar nuclei, involving transitions between non-consecutive energy levels during the excitation of the spin system by multiple-quantum excitation pulses. [CHMO]
multiple-quantum excitation in combination with magic angle spinning
distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of 13C nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them.The 13C NMR signals are enhanced by transferring 1H magnetization to 13C nuclei and the phase of the signals reflects the multiplicity i.e. CH, CH2 or CH3). Separate methyl, methylene and methine spectra may be obtained. [CHMO]
distortionless enhancement with polarization transfer
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. All of the resonances in the spin system are excited by selecting only one line for excitation and the final spectrum consists of a series of 1D sub-spectra, each representing one spin system. [CHMO]
Hadamard-encoded total correlation spectroscopy
An NMR experiment where the selective excitation of central and satellite transitions during magic angle spinning is used for recording high-resolution NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei in solids. Satellite transitions are detected first, followed by central transitions. [CHMO]
inverse satellite transition magic angle spinning
An NMR pulse sequence, employing composite pulses, which decouples nuclei i.e. removes the effects of (usually) J-coupling (line splitting) from the spectrum. [CHMO]
A technique used in solid-state NMR experiments to achieve the controlled reintroduction of dipolar couplings by varying the angle at which the sample is spun relative to the applied magnetic field. [CHMO]
An NMR technique used to edit the NMR response from a sample by selecting only two-spin coupled systems, usually achieved by appropriate cycling of the phase (direction of application) of the pulses in an experiment and of the receiver. [CHMO]
A two-dimensional NMR experiment which exploits the differential dipolar couplings which nuclei exhibit to their neighboring protons within local magnetic fields. The experiment consist of two time intervals: during the first time period the dipolar couplings are encoded in the NMR signal, while in the detection period the signals of different nuclei are separated on the basis of their differences in chemical shift. [CHMO]
separated-local-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Data processing on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy spectra or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy FID. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy data processing
A type of homonuclear three-dimensional NMR experiment spectroscopy which reveals correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. These signals are then correlated to nuclei that are spatially proximate within the molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
total correlation spectroscopy-nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
A phase cycle technique used in FT NMR experiments whereby the sense of application (or phase) of the RF pulses is altered on repeating the experiment such that addition of the resulting signals results in increased intensity for the signals of interest and more effective noise reduction. For the technique see Progr. NMR Spectr., (1978), 12, pg 41. [CHMO]
total correlation spectroscopy-diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
A type of three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the signals of a 2D TOCSY spectrum are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to diffusion coefficient. [CHMO]
diffusion-ordered spectroscopy-total correlation spectroscopy
transverse relaxation optimized spectroscopy
A type of NMR experiment employed for protein samples in which relaxation mechanisms are optimised in order to suppress transverse relaxation times (T2) and deliver only the sharpest signal present in a multiplet. [CHMO]
transverse relaxation optimised spectroscopy
A 3D NMR experiment in which the chemical shifts of protons are correlated with the chemical shifts their covalently-bound heteronuclei and with the shifts of spatially proximate protons (<6 Angstrom). [CHMO]
heteronuclear single quantum coherence-nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy
variable temperature nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the response of a nucleus with non-zero spin to a perturbing magnetic field is detected at temperatures above or below the ambient probe temperature. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
variable-temperature nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
An NMR pulse sequence that is used to suppress or remove the solvent signal. [CHMO]
A 4D triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shifts of the protons of a sidechain are correlated with their covalently bound 13C nuclei and with the other protons of the side-chain. [CHMO]
four-dimensional HCCH-total correlation spectroscopy
Carr, Purcell,Meiboom,Gill pulse sequence
Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence
Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence
A pulse sequence which is applied during nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure spin-spin (T2) relaxation times. For the pulse sequence see Rev. Sci. Inst., (1958), 29, pg 688. [CHMO]
continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Spectra are obtained by scanning a range of radio frequencies. [CHMO]
continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
five-quantum excitation in combination with magic-angle spinning
An NMR experiment used for 5/2-spin quadrupolar nuclei, involving transitions between non-consecutive energy levels during the excitation of the spin system by the first RF pulse. [CHMO]
five-quantum excitation in combination with magic angle spinning
An NMR pulse sequence, used in magic angle spinning, that decouples nuclei i.e. removes the effects of (usually) J-coupling (line splitting) from the spectrum. [CHMO]
magic angle spinning decoupling pulse sequence
A two-dimensional NMR experiment which shows correlations between all the nuclei of a spin system and also allows determination of T1 relaxation rates. [CHMO]
inversion recovery total correlation spectroscopy
A tool employed in NMR experiments; spatially inhomogeneous magnetic fields applied with a defined gradient. Used to either select a particular signal or to render unwanted signals undetectable. [CHMO]
Magic angle spinning NMR experiments in which dipolar coupling is reintroduced to obtain information on the proximity of nuclei within the sample. [CHMO]
polarization inversion and spin exchange at the magic angle
cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy using a solid sample. Anisotropic interactions between nuclei, which are usually averaged by Brownian motion in liquid samples, cause significant line broadening in solid state NMR, but can be reduced to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field). Cross polarization is used to enhance the signal from weakly coupled nuclei. [CHMO]
triple-quantum excitation in combination with magic-angle spinning
An NMR experiment used for 3/2-spin quadrupolar nuclei, involving transitions between non-consecutive energy levels during the excitation of the spin system by triple-quantum excitation pulses. [CHMO]
triple-quantum excitation in combination with magic angle spinning
A 2D NMR technique which correlates (commonly one-bond) J-coupled homonuclei. In one dimension, the signals appear at the chemical shift of a particular nucleus and in the other dimension, at a position which is the sum of the frequencies of that nucleus and its J-coupled partner. [CHMO]
incredible natural abundance double quantum transfer experiment
A type of spectroscopy where a microwave frequency pulse is used to saturate the electron resonance transitions in the 57Fe nuclei of a sample, and a radio frequency pulse is used excite a nuclear transition. [CHMO]
57Fe electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
2024-09-11 Removed [Amgen] attribution as this is a [CHMO] term.
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of 1H nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them, and the spectrum is obtained by plotting chemical shift vs. frequency. 1D 1H NMR usually uses one pulse (90 or 30 degree pulse) for excitation. [CHMO]
one-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where (J/scalar) couplings to 2H nuclei are cancelled by applying radio frequency radiation to saturate or otherwise manipulate the 2H spins such that no evolution of the coupling occurs. [CHMO]
deuterium-decoupled nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and with both the alpha- and beta-carbons and protons of the preceding residue. The experiment name describes the path taken by the magnetization during the experiment. [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrometry
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
An NMR technique whereby paramagnetic ions are introduced to a sample which cause enhanced relaxation of the spins in proximity of the paramagnetic spin label, giving long-range (up to 24 Angstrom) structural information. Also used in binding studies, allowing identification of the atoms involved in binding. [CHMO]
double pulsed field gradient spin-echo pulse sequence
An NMR pulse sequence in which pulsed field gradients are applied to a doubled spin echo sequence to cleanly and precisely excite particular resonances. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson. A, (1995), 112, pg 275. [CHMO]
double pulsed field gradient spin echo pulse sequence
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy which reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. [CHMO]
flip-back nuclear Overhauser effect spectrometry
flip-back nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
flip-back nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrometry
A type of heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy incorporating a water flip-back sequence, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
flip-back nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
R-type recoupling proton detected local field spectroscopy
proton-deteced separated local field spectroscopy with R-type recoupling
A magic-angle spinning NMR experiment to measure dipolar couplings. Dipolar couplings are reintroduced by synchronising RF pulses with the rotation of the rotor. Spectral simplification occurs via the proton detected separated local field protocol where 1H-1H interactions are decoupled and proton magnetization is passed through 13C nuclei present at natural abundance. [CHMO]
R-type recoupling proton detected separated local field spectroscopy
Any type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in which three independent frequency dimensions are employed for the correlation and dispersal of signals. Each signal is described by three frequencies, all arising from the same type of nucleus, thus effecting the distribution of signals within a cube. [CHMO]
homonuclear three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A pulse cluster used to suppress solvent (water) signals exploiting the differing relaxation properties of solvent and sample. Resonances are inverted and the subsequent recovery period is chosen such that the solvent signal is at a null point when the signal is detected. For the pulse sequence see J. Chem. Phys., (1972), 56, pg 3182. [CHMO]
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei which are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). [CHMO]
A technique used in multidimensional NMR experiments to achieve frequency discrimination of the signals in the additional dimensions. [CHMO]
states-time proportional phase incrementation
A specified narrow frequency band associated with a specific nuclei of a specified isotope is selectively irradiated with a weak RF pulse. [Allotrope]
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy which reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. These signals are then correlated to nuclei that are spatially proximate within the molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy-total correlation spectroscopy
1D nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where only one frequency dimension is employed, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<=6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
one-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
A technique used in 2D NMR whereby the chemical shift frequency modulation of the FIDs necessary to interrogate the second dimension is achieved by moving the position of a RF pulse within a fixed time period on subsequent repeats of the experiment. [CHMO]
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between protons and the nuclei to which they are covalently bound. [CHMO]
Any type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed. [CHMO]
heteronuclear two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
proton detected local field spectroscopy
proton-detected separated local field spectroscopy
An NMR experiment for the measurement of heteronuclear dipolar couplings. 1H-1H interactions are decoupled and proton magnetization is passed through 13C nuclei present at natural abundance to simplify a dipolarly coupled spectrum. [CHMO]
proton detected separated local field spectroscopy
An NMR technique whereby particular resonances are saturated (their spin-state populations are equalised). Commonly used to suppress solvent signals. [CHMO]
An adiabatic shaped pulse. The resonance frequency is swept through a defined RF range during application of the pulse. Allows excitation of a broader range of frequencies than the size of the RF field. For the pulse see J. Magn. Reson., Ser. A, (1993), 102, pg 293. [CHMO]
rotational echo double resonance spectroscopy
rotational echo double-resonance (REDOR) spectroscopy
A magic angle spinning NMR experiment in which the evolution of dipolar couplings between nuclei is controlled by applying pulses at appropriate points in the rotational period, allowing the determination of the size of the coupling and, thus, yielding distance information. [CHMO]
rotational-echo double-resonance spectroscopy
A pulse cluster used in NMR experiments which manipulates signals such that, at the end of the sequence, the effects of chemical shift differences have been compensated/removed. Used most simply to compensate for inhomogeneities in the magnetic field but delays in the sequence also permit various possible manipulations of the magnetization. For the pulse sequence see Phys. Rev., (1950), 80, pg 580. [CHMO]
A method for NMR spectra acquisition of paramagnetic proteins, based on the use of homonuclear broadband decoupling of the diamagnetic region. [CHMO]
An NMR experiment which exploits the increased efficiency of energy (magnetization) transfer between nuclei via dipolar coupling in rigid or semi-rigid samples. The rate at which polarization is transferred between spins is measured giving information on the proximity and orientation of the interacting spins within the sample. [CHMO]
An NMR experiment where pulsed field gradients are used to filter thermal signals from NMR spectra whilst leaving those derived from para-hydrogen-derived protons intact. [CHMO]
Standardizing an NMR spectra setting the reference point to a known value. [Allotrope]
usually residual solvent protons in 1H NMR spectroscopy for example, or reference inserts e.g. TMS
An NMR experiment where the selective excitation of satellite transitions during magic angle spinning is used for recording high-resolution NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei in solids. In conventional magic angle spinning the spinning angle must be very accurate, but this technique can self-compensate magic-angle errors of up to (+/- 1.0 deg.). [CHMO]
satellite transition magic angle spinning with self-compensation for the magic angle misset
A pulse sequence used in magic angle spinning NMR experiments to remove additional signals resulting from spinning the sample too slowly to obtain a response composed solely of isotropic chemical shifts. [CHMO]
total suppression of sidebands pulse sequence
A pulse sequence used to selectively resolve the signals from two coupled nuclei, see J. Am. Chem. Soc., (1982), 104, pg 4286. [CHMO]
double quantum transitions for finding unresolved lines
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). Spectra recorded with suppression of the diamagnetic window by the PASE pulse sequence. [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy with paramagnetic signals enhancement
An NMR experiment used to measure small diffusion coefficients via the attenuation of signals occurring due to molecular diffusion during the application of pulsed field gradients. [CHMO]
pulsed gradient non-linear spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence
diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy using pulsed-field gradients where the rate of decay of NMR signals in each component of a sample mixture is measured across a series of experiments. The rate of signal decay is proportional to the diffusion coefficient for each component. [CHMO]
A set of finely tuned RF pulses that achieve the same result with greater precision and fewer imperfections as a result of field inhomogeneity and off-resonance effects than a single RF pulse. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance composite pulse sequence
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and the alpha-carbon of the preceding residue. [CHMO]
A 1D NMR experiment in which a 1D spectrum is subtracted from a spectrum acquired under steady-state NOE conditions. [CHMO]
nuclear Overhauser effect difference spectroscopy
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. Also used to allow transfer of magnetization between nuclei (by making the spins precess with at the same chemical shift and thus enjoy strong coupling - isotropic mixing). J. Magn. Reson., (1983), 52, pg 335. [CHMO]
wideband alternating-phase low-power technique for zero residual splitting
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson. A, (1994), 106, pg 241. [CHMO]
spin decoupling employing ultra-broadband-inversion sequences generated via simulated annealing
A double resonance technique in which transitions between spin sublevels at zero applied magnetic field are detected by optical means (i.e. the polarization or the intensity of light emitted or absorbed by the sample depends on the population distribution in the spin levels). Usually these are sublevels of a triplet and the transitions are induced by microwaves. [CHMO]
zero-field optically detected magnetic resonance
quadrupolar Carr, Purcell,Meiboom, Gill pulse sequence
quadrupolar Carr-Purcell Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence
A pulse sequence which is applied during nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of quadrupolar nuclei, to measure spin-spin (T2) relaxation times. In the solid state, the sequence is used to achieve sensitivity enhancement for nuclei with low gyromagnetic ratios. For the pulse sequence see J. Phys. Chem. A, (1997), 101, pg 8597. [CHMO]
quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill pulse sequence
steady-state nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrometry
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). In this technique, the saturation of a particular proton resonance (signal) perturbs the intensities of signals from spatially proximate nuclei. [CHMO]
steady-state nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the response of nuclei with non-zero spin, in a sample dissolved in a deuterated solvent, to a perturbing magnetic field is detected. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. Also used to allow transfer of magnetization between nuclei (by making the spins precess with at the same chemical shift and thus enjoy strong coupling - isotropic mixing). For the pulse sequence see J. Magn. Reson., (1988), 77, pg 274. [CHMO]
decoupling in the presence of scalar interactions
The application of a mathematical operation to both the real and imaginary parts of the complex numbers represented by the FID recorded as the sample magnetisation vector relaxes from its excited state vector back to its equilibrium bulk magnetisation population as adjusted by automated algorithms in the data acquisition or processing software. [Allotrope]
An NMR technique used to edit the NMR response from a sample by selecting only three-spin coupled systems, usually achieved by appropriate cycling of the phase (direction of application) of the pulses in an experiment and of the receiver. [CHMO]
continuous wave electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where a sample is irradiated by a microwave frequency which matches an electron resonance transition, whilst nuclei in the vicinty of the unpaired eletron are excited by a radio frequency sweep. [CHMO]
continuous-wave electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy
A 2D NMR experiment that correlates chemical shifts of a heteronucleus and proton via 1J(X-H) heteronuclear coupling showing two different spectra cross-peaks, one for direct 1H-heteronuclear connectivity (HSQC cross-peak) and the second relayed 1H-heteronucleus connectivities due to cumulative transfer. [Allotrope]
two-dimensional heteronuclear single quantum coherence-total correlation spectroscopy
A pulse cluster used for solvent suppression consisting of two RF pulses separated by a delay with conditions set such that the solvent signal alone is rendered unobservable by the second pulse. For the pulse sequence see J. Am. Chem. Soc., (1982), 104, pg 7310. [CHMO]
gradient heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between protons and the nuclei to which they are covalently bound. A spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field is applied with a defined gradient and used to either select a particular signal or to render unwanted signals undetectable. [CHMO]
gradient-selected heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence
Selected nuclei of a specified isotope are unselectively irradiated with a soft RF pulse. The frequency range for the nuclei being irradiated typically differs from the frequency range for the nuclei relaxing back to their bulk magnetisation relaxation state. [Allotrope]
1H continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of 1H nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Spectra are obtained by scanning a range of radio frequencies. [CHMO]
1H continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used in to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and the alpha carbons of the same and preceding residues. [CHMO]
A type of spectroscopy where a microwave frequency pulse is used to saturate the electron resonance transitions in the 1H nuclei of a sample, and a radio frequency pulse is used excite a nuclear transition. [CHMO]
1H electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
An NMR experiment where the selective excitation of central transitions during magic angle spinning is used for recording high-resolution NMR spectra of quadrupolar nuclei in solids. [CHMO]
An NMR experiment used to measure self-diffusion coefficients via signal attenuation which occurs due to diffusion during the application of pulsed field gradients. This experiment also corrects for the effects of imperfect pulsed field gradients. [CHMO]
modulus addition using spatially separated echo spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where (J/scalar) couplings to 1H nuclei are cancelled by applying radio frequency radiation to saturate or otherwise manipulate the 1H spins such that no evolution of the coupling occurs. [CHMO]
proton-decoupled nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Any type of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in which three independent frequency dimensions are employed for the correlation and dispersal of signals. Each signal is described by three frequencies, arising from a combination of protons and heteronuclei, thus effecting the distribution of signals within a cube. [CHMO]
heteronuclear three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
An NMR technique used to edit the NMR response from a sample by selecting only uncoupled spins (singlets), usually achieved by appropriate cycling of the phase (direction of application) of the pulses in an experiment and of the receiver. [CHMO]
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between protons and nuclei which are 2-3 bonds removed. [CHMO]
A series of short (microsecond) bursts (pulses) of RF radiation separated by delays (of defined duration) designed to interact with, and manipulate the magnetic moments of spin-active nuclei during NMR spectroscopy. [CHMO]
nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence
2024-09-11 Replaced definition with an Allotrope written one.
Post-acquisition water suppression is a data processing used to suppress the signal from the water solvent after data acquisition. [Allotrope]
combined rotation and multiple pulse spectrometry
A type of NMR spectroscopy using a solid sample. Anisotropic interactions between nuclei, which are usually averaged by Brownian motion in liquid samples, cause significant line broadening in solid state NMR, but can be averaged to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field).The combination of multiple-pulse NMR experiments and magic angle spinning. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
combined rotation and multiple pulse spectroscopy
A two-dimensional solid-state NMR experiment which correlates the chemical shift anisotropy of a nucleus with its isotropic chemical shift by performing a series of experiments each at a different spinning angle relative to the magnetic field. [CHMO]
cross-relaxation appropriate for minimolecules emulated by locked spins
rotating frame Overhauser effect spectrometry
rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectrometry
rotating frame Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
rotational Overhauser effect spectroscopy
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). Spin-locking is employed to ensure that correlation between spins, which are close in space but have zero NOE, are seen. This technique is used for molecules whose tumbling regime lies at the border of positive and negative NOE responses. [CHMO]
rotating frame Overhauser effect spectroscopy
The nuclei being irradiated with an RF pulse is the same nuclei and isotope as the nuclei being observed to relax back to equilibrium for generation of the NMR spectrum. [Allotrope]
diffusion-ordered spectroscopy-two-dimensional J-spectroscopy
A type of three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the signals of a 2D J-spectrum are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to diffusion coefficient. [CHMO]
two-dimensional J-spectroscopy-diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
A sequence of composite pulses designed to allow isotropic mixing of magnetisation between nuclei. For the pulse sequence see J. Magn.Reson., (1988), 77, pg 274. [CHMO]
An RF pulse that unselectively excites a spin system over a given bandwidth. [Allotrope]
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy which reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. This technique exploits the correlations seen between the intensities of spectral features of multiple spectra so as to obtain a statistically derived spectrum. This technique is of particular value for metabolic profiling. [CHMO]
statistical total correlation spectroscopy
magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
A type of NMR spectroscopy using a solid sample. Anisotropic interactions between nuclei, which are usually averaged by Brownian motion in liquid samples, cause significant line broadening in solid state NMR, but can be averaged to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field). [CHMO]
pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A sequence of pulses used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effect of homonuclear dipolar couplings. For the pulse sequence see J. Chem. Phys., (1997), 125, pg 291. [CHMO]
magic sandwich high-order truncation pulse sequence
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei that are J-coupled (usually <= 3 bonds apart). A spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field is applied with a defined gradient and used to either select a particular signal or to render unwanted signals undetectable. [CHMO]
gradient-selected correlation spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and which reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. [CHMO]
two-dimensional total correlation spectroscopy
A technique used in FT NMR experiments whereby the sense of application (or phase) of the RF pulses is altered on repeating the experiment such that addition of the resulting signals results in increased intensity for the signals of interest, elimination of artefacts and more effective noise reduction. [CHMO]
A recorded RF signal in NMR spectroscopy observed as the perturbed sample magnetisation relaxes back to its bulk magnetisation population state that has been suffixed with a set of data points containing many zeros. [Allotrope]
2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
An NMR experiment in which a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between interacting nuclei. [CHMO]
A triple-resonance NMR experiment used to determine the chemical shifts of nuclei in a (isotopically enriched) protein. The chemical shift of the (backbone) amide proton is correlated with the chemical shift of the covalently bound nitrogen and with the alpha-carbon and proton of the preceding residue. The experiment name describes the path taken by the magnetization during the experiment. [CHMO]
Homospoil is an NMR pulse sequence that results in linear variation of the magnetic field in the z direction. After the homospoil pulse, transverse magnetization in the slices of sample will acquire additional phase, which will vary with height. Net x-y plane magnetization will be zero. [Allotrope]
A technique used in NMR experiments to remove unwanted signals from the spectrum by destroying the magnetization giving rise to these signals using a pulsed filed gradient whilst the magnetization of interest is maintained in a state which is unaffected by the pulsed field gradient (ZZ-state). [CHMO]
A type of spectroscopy where a microwave frequency pulse is used to saturate the electron resonance transitions in the 17O nuclei of a sample, and a radio frequency pulse is used excite a nuclear transition. [CHMO]
17O electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy
phase-alternated rotation of magnetization
A sequence of composite pulses designed to remove signal splitting due to heteronuclear J-couplings in multinuclear liquid NMR experiments. [CHMO]
phase alternated rotation of magnetization
The application of a phase correction algorithm to a Fourier transform NMR spectra such that it is optimised to give maximum values for the frequency dependent real part of the frequency signal (and minimum values for the imaginary part) of the FID Fourier transform complex number set. [Allotrope]
A pulse sequence used in magic angle spinning NMR to remove the effects of homonuclear dipolar coupling. For the pulse sequence see Phys. Rev. Lett., (1968), 20, pg 180. [CHMO]
high resolution diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy using pulsed-field gradients where the rate of decay of NMR signals in each component of a sample mixture is measured across a series of experiments. The rate of signal decay is proportional to the diffusion coefficient for each component. The diffusion coefficient for each peak is measured and this information is used to construct a 2D spectrum. [CHMO]
high-resolution diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
diffusion-ordered spectroscopy-heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence
A type of three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the signals of a 2D HMQC spectrum are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to diffusion coefficient. [CHMO]
heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence-diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
A type of spectroscopy where the response of nuclei with non-zero spin, in a solid sample, to a perturbing magnetic field is detected. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy which reveal correlations between all nuclei of a spin-system. An individual 1H resonance is selected and inverted to yield a spectrum of all hydrogens directly or indirectly scalar coupled to it. [CHMO]
one-dimensional total correlation spectroscopy
A heteronuclear NMR experiment in which magnetization arising from 1H nuclei is transferred to covalently bound heteronuclei, thereby enhancing the NMR signal of the heteronuclei. [CHMO]
insensitive nuclei enhancement by polarization transfer
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static (>900 MHz) magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them. [CHMO]
ultra-high-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
All nuclei of a specified isotope are unselectively irradiated with an RF pulse. [Allotrope]
A 3D NMR experiment in which the chemical shifts of protons are correlated with the chemical shifts of spatially proximate protons (<6 Angstrom) and with the shifts of the heteronuclei bound to these proximate protons. [CHMO]
three-dimensional nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy-heteronuclear single quantum coherence
saturation-transfer double-difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where radio frequency pulses are used to induce an equal population of upper and lower spin states in ('saturate') certain selected protons, removing their signal from the NMR spectrum. The signal from two different samples is obtained simultaneously and common signals are cancelled automatically. Saturation-transfer double-difference NMR is used to detect the transient binding of small molecule ligands to macromolecular receptors. [CHMO]
saturation transfer double difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A technique used in NMR of isotopically enriched samples (usually 13C/15N) to select for, or to remove signals of protons bound to a particular isotope. [CHMO]
liquid phase nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
liquid-phase nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy in the liquid phase where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. [CHMO]
A type of three-dimensional NMR experiment in which the signals of a 2D NMR experiment are dispersed along a third frequency axis according to diffusion coefficient. [CHMO]
three-dimensional diffusion-ordered spectroscopy
heteronuclear Overhauser effect spectrometry
heteronuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy
heteronuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrometry
A type of heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed, based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which correlations are seen between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart). [CHMO]
heteronuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy
1D nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
1D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of spin-active nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them, and the spectrum is obtained by plotting intensity vs. chemical shift or frequency. [CHMO]
nuclear magnetic resonance saturation transfer difference (STD) spectroscopy
nuclear magnetic resonance saturation transfer difference spectroscopy
saturation transfer difference (STD) nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where radio frequency pulses are used to induce an equal population of upper and lower spin states in ('saturate') certain selected protons, removing their signal from the NMR spectrum. The resulting spectrum is then subtracted from a reference spectrum obtained without saturation. Saturation-transfer NMR is used to detect the transient binding of small molecule ligands to macromolecular receptors. [CHMO]
saturation transfer difference nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
2D heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy
two-dimensional heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy
A type of NMR spectroscopy where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between protons and heteronuclei. [CHMO]
Application of a trigonometric mathematical operation to both the real and imaginary parts of the complex numbers represented by the FID recorded as the sample magnetization vector relaxes from its excited state vector back to its equilibrium bulk magnetization population. [Allotrope]
2024-09-11 Changed [OSTHUS] attribution to [Allotrope].
A type of spectroscopy where the energy states of 13C nuclei placed in a static magnetic field are interrogated by inducing transitions between the states via radio frequency irradiation. Each experiment consists of a sequence of radio frequency pulses with delay periods in between them.The 13C NMR signals are enhanced by transferring 1H magnetization to 13C nuclei and the phase of the signals reflects the multiplicity i.e. CH, CH2 or CH3). Separate methyl, methylene and methine spectra may be obtained. The quaternary carbon centres are also represented in the spectra, albeit with reduced intensities, and are rendered with similar 'signs' to methylene groups. [Allotrope]
distortionless enhancement with polarization transfer retention of quaternaries
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrometry including chemical and conformational change
A type of homonuclear NMR spectroscopy based on the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect in which through space spin-lattice correlations are made between nuclei that are spatially proximate within a molecule (<= 6 Angstrom apart) but not directly bonded. The technique differs from the traditional NoE experiment in that it is also used to detect chemical and conformational change within the chemical moiety being examined. [Allotrope]
nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectroscopy including chemical and conformational change
Probe matching is a process of adjustment of an NMR probe that makes sure that only a minimal part of the power at the probe is wasted. [Allotrope]
Locking is the process of establishing a magnetic field with a constant strength during an NMR measurement. [Allotrope]
Shimming is the process of adjusting the signal of an NMR spectrometer by changing the uniformity of the magnetic field. [Allotrope]
A pulse program is a programmatic plan that defines the pulse sequence that is applied to the excitation of a sample. [Allotrope]
A saturation recovery experiment is used to measure T1, especially if the line has a very broad shape or if inversion is impossible. A pulse sequence is applied that keeps the magnetization in the x-y plane until saturation is reached and then magnetization recovers during T1. [Allotrope]
A plot of chemical shift vs. intensity for hydrogen-1 nuclei obtained by measuring the effect of the absorption of radio frequency radiation on nuclear spin-state transitions in the presence of a magnetic field. [CHMO]
one-dimensional proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in which line broadening has been reduced to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field) and cross polarisation has been used to enhance the signal from weakly coupled nuclei. [CHMO]
cross-polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A proton-decoupled nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum is an NMR spectrum where coupling between protons and heteronuclei has been removed in order to improve the resolution of the spectrum of the heteronuclei. [Allotrope]
proton-decoupled nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Code for describing the multiplicity of NMR peaks. [Allotrope]
A three-dimensional plot of chemical shift vs. intensity for spin-active nuclei obtained by measuring the effect of the absorption of radio frequency radiation on nuclear spin-state transitions in the presence of a magnetic field. Signals are defined in terms of three frequencies; by the chemical shift of a particular nucleus in one dimension and, in the other two, by the chemical shifts of correlated nuclei. [CHMO]
three-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A plot of the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency vs. intensity composed of a series of peaks (separated by the reciprocal of a user-defined time delay in a CPMG pulse sequence) which describe the envelope of the full, static spectrum. [CHMO]
A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in which line broadening has been averaged to zero by spinning the sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field) and using a high-resolution magnetic susceptibility matching probe. [CHMO]
high-resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A heteronuclear NMR spectrum where a second frequency dimension is employed to disperse the signals and reveal correlations between nuclei which are 2-3 bonds removed. [CHMO]
heteronuclear multiple bond coherence spectrum
A two-dimensional NMR spectrum where signals are defined in terms of two frequencies; by the chemical shift of a particular nucleus in one dimension and, in the other, by the J-multiplets of correlated nuclei. [CHMO]
Peaks not found along the diagonal of a 2D NMR spectrum that give yield to information on spin-spin coupling or spatial proximity of the two nuclei being observed. [Allotrope]
A spectrum that shows the response of spin-active nuclei to radio frequency radiation in an applied magnetic field. The resonance frequencies of nuclei approximately 6 \AA apart which are correlated by the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect are plotted with intensities proportional to the populations of nuclei. [CHMO]
A two- or three-dimensional plot of one- or two-dimensional NMR spectra vs. the diffusion coefficients of the species involved. [CHMO]
A two-dimensional plot of chemical shift vs. intensity for spin-active nuclei obtained by measuring the effect of the absorption of radio frequency radiation on nuclear spin-state transitions in the presence of a magnetic field. Signals are defined in terms of two frequencies; by the chemical shift of a particular nucleus in one dimension and, in the other, by the chemical shift of a correlated nucleus. [CHMO]
two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A plot of chemical shift vs. intensity for spin-active nuclei obtained by measuring the effect of the absorption of radio frequency radiation on nuclear spin-state transitions in the presence of a magnetic field. [CHMO]
one-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A spectrum obtained from a heteronuclear correlation experiment. [CHMO]
A two-dimensional spectrum in which the position of a peak, in one dimension, corresponds to the chemical shift of a particular nucleus and, in the other dimension, to the chemical shift of a nucleus which is J-coupled to the first. [CHMO]
The description of the specific part a chemical moeity that is assigned to a NMR peak. [Allotrope]
nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum peak assignment target
A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum where the where the nuclei of interest are carbon-13 nuclei, the signals from which are enhanced by the transfer of magnetisation from 1H nuclei. [CHMO]
distortionless enhancement with polarization transfer spectrum
A plot of the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency vs. intensity composed of a series of peaks (separated by the reciprocal of a user-defined time delay in a QCPMG pulse sequence) which describe the envelope of the full, static spectrum. Line broadening has been averaged to zero by spinning the solid sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field). [CHMO]
magic-angle spinning quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spectrum
A plot of the nuclear magnetic resonance frequency vs. intensity composed of a series of peaks (separated by the reciprocal of a user-defined time delay in a QCPMG pulse sequence) which describe the envelope of the full, static spectrum. [CHMO]
solid-state quadrupolar Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill spectrum
solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
A plot of the resonance frequency of nuclei in the same magnetic environment on a scale relative to their resonance frequency and with intensities proportional to the populations of nuclei in those environments for solid samples. [CHMO]
solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
continuous wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectra
A plot of the absorption of radio frequency radiation vs. frequency for spin-active nuclei. [CHMO]
continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A two-dimensional spectrum which plots the resonance frequency of homonuclear nuclei approximately 6 \AA apart which are correlated by the nuclear Overhauser enhancement effect. The resonance frequencies are plotted with intensities proportional to the populations of nuclei. [CHMO]
two-dimensional nuclear Overhauser enhancement spectrum
A plot of the absorption of radio frequency radiation vs. frequency for hydrogen-1 nuclei. [CHMO]
1H continuous-wave nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Measurement of the effect of the absorption of radio frequency on nuclear spin-state transitions of hydrogen-1 in the presence of a magnetic field. [CHMO]
proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Peaks found along the diagonal of a 2D NMR spectrum. [Allotrope]
Peak resulting from a NMR acquisition. [Allotrope]
A recorded RF signal in NMR spectroscopy observed as the perturbed sample magnetisation relaxes back to its bulk magnetisation population state. [Allotrope]
A plot of the change in intensity of absorption vs. the change in frequency as a function of the frequency of radiation applied, for spin-active nuclei. [CHMO]
first derivative nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
A nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in which line broadening has been averaged to zero by spinning the solid sample very rapidly at the magic angle (54.74 deg. with respect to the direction of the magnetic field). [CHMO]
magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance is an analytical technique used to identify fluorine-containing compounds. 19F is one of the most important nuclei for NMR spectroscopy. [Wikipedia]
one-dimensional 19F nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance most commonly known as carbon-13 NMR or 13C NMR or sometimes simply referred to as carbon NMR is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to carbon. It is analogous to proton NMR (1H NMR) and allows the identification of carbon atoms in an organic molecule just as proton NMR identifies hydrogen atoms. As such 13C NMR is an important tool in chemical structure elucidation in organic chemistry. 13C NMR detects only the 13C isotope of carbon, whose natural abundance is only 1.1%, because the main carbon isotope, 12C, is not detectable by NMR since it has zero net spin. [Wikipedia]
one-dimensional carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum
NMR Guidelines for ACS Journals, ACS Publications, 2013
A NMR peak observed that is broad, usually indicating long range coupling or of exchangeable nature. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a quintet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a doublet of doublets. [Allotrope]
A single discrete isolated peak assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei of a chemical moiety. [Allotrope]
A set of non discernable non-attributable overlapping methylene NMR peaks. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a doublet of triplets. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a doublet of doublet of doublets. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a septet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 6 : 15 : 20 : 15 : 6 : 1. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a doublet of doublet of triplets. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a sextet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 5 : 10 : 10 : 5 : 1. [Allotrope]
A non discernable peak or set of overlapping peaks observed in an NMR spectra. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a octet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 7 : 21 : 35 : 35 : 21 : 7 : 1. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a triplet of triplets. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a doublet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 1. [Allotrope]
An NMR peak observed as a quartet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 3 : 3 : 1. [Allotrope]
A NMR peak observed as a triplet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 2 : 1. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a doublet of doublet of doublet of doublets. [Allotrope]
doublet of doublet of doublet of doublets
A NMR peak observed as a nonet in an NMR spectrum assignable to a set of magnetically equivalent nuclei in first-order systems having two relative peak area of 1 : 8 : 28 : 56 : 70 : 56 : 28 : 8 : 1. [Allotrope]
A common NMR peak descriptor used to represent multiplicity of the peak observed as a triplet of doublets. [Allotrope]
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